php - PHP：如何解析相对网址

Question

我需要一个给定相对 URL 并且基返回绝对 URL 的函数。我搜索并发现了许多以不同方式执行此操作的功能。

resolve("../abc.png", "http://example.com/path/thing?foo=bar")
# returns http://example.com/abc.png

有没有规范的方法？

在这个网站上，我看到了 python 和 c# 的很好的例子，让我们得到一个 PHP 解决方案。

Answer 1

也许这篇文章可以帮助？

http://nashruddin.com/PHP_Script_for_Converting_Relative_to_Absolute_URL

编辑：为方便起见，复制下面的代码

<?php
    function rel2abs($rel, $base)
    {
        /* return if already absolute URL */
        if (parse_url($rel, PHP_URL_SCHEME) != '' || substr($rel, 0, 2) == '//') return $rel;

        /* queries and anchors */
        if ($rel[0]=='#' || $rel[0]=='?') return $base.$rel;

        /* parse base URL and convert to local variables:
         $scheme, $host, $path */
        extract(parse_url($base));

        /* remove non-directory element from path */
        $path = preg_replace('#/[^/]*$#', '', $path);

        /* destroy path if relative url points to root */
        if ($rel[0] == '/') $path = '';

        /* dirty absolute URL */
        $abs = "$host$path/$rel";

        /* replace '//' or '/./' or '/foo/../' with '/' */
        $re = array('#(/\.?/)#', '#/(?!\.\.)[^/]+/\.\./#');
        for($n=1; $n>0; $abs=preg_replace($re, '/', $abs, -1, $n)) {}

        /* absolute URL is ready! */
        return $scheme.'://'.$abs;
    }
?>

Answer 2

如果您已经使用GuzzleHttp的另一种解决方案。

该解决方案基于GuzzleHttp\Client.

use GuzzleHttp\Psr7;

function resolve(string $uri, ?string $base_uri): string
{
    $uri = Psr7\uri_for($uri);

    if (isset($base_uri)) {
        $uri = Psr7\UriResolver::resolve(Psr7\uri_for($base_uri), $uri);
    }

    // optional: set default scheme if missing
    $uri = $uri->getScheme() === '' && $uri->getHost() !== '' ? $uri->withScheme('http') : $uri;

    return (string) $uri;
}

Answer 3

如果你有 pecl-http，你可以使用http://php.net/manual/en/function.http-build-url.php

<?php
$url_parts = parse_url($relative_url);
$absolute = http_build_url($source_url, $url_parts, HTTP_URL_JOIN_PATH);

前任：

<?php
function getAbsoluteURL($source_url, $relative_url)
{
    $url_parts = parse_url($relative_url);
    return http_build_url($source_url, $url_parts, HTTP_URL_JOIN_PATH);
}
echo getAbsoluteURL('http://foo.tw/a/b/c', '../pic.jpg') . "\n";
// http://foo.tw/a/pic.jpg

echo getAbsoluteURL('http://foo.tw/a/b/c/', '../pic.jpg') . "\n";
// http://foo.tw/a/b/pic.jpg

echo getAbsoluteURL('http://foo.tw/a/b/c/', 'http://bar.tw/a.js') . "\n";
// http://bar.tw/a.js

echo getAbsoluteURL('http://foo.tw/a/b/c/', '/robots.txt') . "\n";
// http://foo.tw/robots.txt

Answer 4

这是另一个可以处理协议相关 url 的函数

<?php
function getAbsoluteURL($to, $from = null) {
    $arTarget = parse_url($to);
    $arSource = parse_url($from);
    $targetPath = isset($arTarget['path']) ? $arTarget['path'] : '';

    if (isset($arTarget['host'])) {
        if (!isset($arTarget['scheme'])) {
            $proto = isset($arSource['scheme']) ? "{$arSource['scheme']}://" : '//';
        } else {
            $proto = "{$arTarget['scheme']}://";
        }
        $baseUrl = "{$proto}{$arTarget['host']}" . (isset($arTarget['port']) ? ":{$arTarget['port']}" : '');
    } else {
        if (isset($arSource['host'])) {
            $proto = isset($arSource['scheme']) ? "{$arSource['scheme']}://" : '//';
            $baseUrl = "{$proto}{$arSource['host']}" . (isset($arSource['port']) ? ":{$arSource['port']}" : '');
        } else {
            $baseUrl = '';
        }
        $arPath = [];

        if ((empty($targetPath) || $targetPath[0] !== '/') && !empty($arSource['path'])) {
            $arTargetPath = explode('/', $targetPath);
            if (empty($arSource['path'])) {
                $arPath = [];
            } else {
                $arPath = explode('/', $arSource['path']);
                array_pop($arPath);
            }
            $len = count($arPath);
            foreach ($arTargetPath as $idx => $component) {
                if ($component === '..') {
                    if ($len > 1) {
                        $len--;
                        array_pop($arPath);
                    }
                } elseif ($component !== '.') {
                    $len++;
                    array_push($arPath, $component);
                }
            }
            $targetPath = implode('/', $arPath);
        }
    }

    return $baseUrl . $targetPath;
}

// SAMPLES
// Absolute path => https://www.google.com/doubleclick/
echo getAbsoluteURL('/doubleclick/', 'https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/') . "\n";
// Relative path 1 => https://www.google.com/doubleclick/studio
echo getAbsoluteURL('../studio', 'https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/') . "\n";
// Relative path 2 => https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/case-studies.html
echo getAbsoluteURL('./case-studies.html', 'https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/') . "\n";
// Relative path 3 => https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/case-studies.html
echo getAbsoluteURL('case-studies.html', 'https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/') . "\n";
// Protocol relative url => https://www.google.com/doubleclick/
echo getAbsoluteURL('//www.google.com/doubleclick/', 'https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/') . "\n";
// Empty path => https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/
echo getAbsoluteURL('', 'https://www.google.com/doubleclick/insights/') . "\n";
// Different url => http://www.yahoo.com/
echo getAbsoluteURL('http://www.yahoo.com/', 'https://www.google.com') . "\n";

Answer 5

在 pguardiario 的评论中链接的页面中已经链接的其他工具：http://publicmind.in/blog/urltoabsolute/，https://github.com/monkeysuffrage/phpuri。

我从http://nadeausoftware.com/articles/2008/05/php_tip_how_convert_relative_url_absolute_url的评论中找到了其他工具：

require_once 'Net/URL2.php';
$base = new Net_URL2('http://example.org/foo.html');
$absolute = (string)$base->resolve('relative.html#bar'); 

Answer 6

function absoluteUri($Path, $URI)
{   # Requires PHP4 or better.
    $URL = parse_url($URI);
    $Str = "{$URL['scheme']}://";

    if (isset($URL['user']) || isset($URL['pass']))
        $Str .= "{$URL['user']}:{$URL['pass']}@";

    $Str .= $URL['host'];

    if (isset($URL['port']))
        $Str .= ":{$URL['port']}";

    $Str .= realpath($URL['path'] . $Path); # This part might have an issue on windows boxes.

    if (isset($URL['query']))
        $Str .= "?{$URL['query']}";

    if (isset($URL['fragment']))
        $Str .= "#{$URL['fragment']}";

    return $Str;
}

absoluteUri("../abc.png", "http://example.com/path/thing?foo=bar");
# Should return "http://example.com/abc.png?foo=bar" on Linux boxes.

Answer 7

我注意到上面赞成的答案使用了正则表达式，这在处理 URL 时可能很危险。

此函数将在没有 regex的情况下将相对 URL 解析为给定的当前页面 url 。它成功解决了：$pgurl

/home.php?example类型，

相同目录nextpage.php类型，

../...../.../parentdir类型，

完整http://example.net的网址，

和速记//example.net网址

//Current base URL (you can dynamically retrieve from $_SERVER)
$pgurl = 'http://example.com/scripts/php/absurl.php';

function absurl($url) {
 global $pgurl;
 if(strpos($url,'://')) return $url; //already absolute
 if(substr($url,0,2)=='//') return 'http:'.$url; //shorthand scheme
 if($url[0]=='/') return parse_url($pgurl,PHP_URL_SCHEME).'://'.parse_url($pgurl,PHP_URL_HOST).$url; //just add domain
 if(strpos($pgurl,'/',9)===false) $pgurl .= '/'; //add slash to domain if needed
 return substr($pgurl,0,strrpos($pgurl,'/')+1).$url; //for relative links, gets current directory and appends new filename
}

function nodots($path) { //Resolve dot dot slashes, no regex!
 $arr1 = explode('/',$path);
 $arr2 = array();
 foreach($arr1 as $seg) {
  switch($seg) {
   case '.':
    break;
   case '..':
    array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   case '...':
    array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   case '....':
    array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   case '.....':
    array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2); array_pop($arr2);
    break;
   default:
    $arr2[] = $seg;
  }
 }
 return implode('/',$arr2);
}

使用示例：

echo nodots(absurl('../index.html'));

nodots()必须在 URL 转换为绝对 URL后调用。

点函数有点多余，但是可读、快速、不使用正则表达式，并且可以解析 99% 的典型 url（如果你想 100% 确定，只需扩展 switch 块以支持 6+ 点，尽管我从未在 URL 中看到这么多点）。

希望这可以帮助，