我现在花了几个小时试图了解 Android 的构建过程。
我正在使用适用于 Android 的 IntelliJ Idea（这是一个很棒的工具）。我在 IntelliJ 名称“Hello Android”中打开了一个测试项目。该项目有这个文件名build.xml，代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="HelloAndroid" default="help">
<!-- The local.properties file is created and updated by the 'android' tool.
It contains the path to the SDK. It should *NOT* be checked into
Version Control Systems. -->
<property file="local.properties" />
<!-- The ant.properties file can be created by you. It is only edited by the
'android' tool to add properties to it.
This is the place to change some Ant specific build properties.
Here are some properties you may want to change/update:
source.dir
The name of the source directory. Default is 'src'.
out.dir
The name of the output directory. Default is 'bin'.
For other overridable properties, look at the beginning of the rules
files in the SDK, at tools/ant/build.xml
Properties related to the SDK location or the project target should
be updated using the 'android' tool with the 'update' action.
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems.
-->
<property file="ant.properties" />
<!-- if sdk.dir was not set from one of the property file, then
get it from the ANDROID_HOME env var.
This must be done before we load project.properties since
the proguard config can use sdk.dir -->
<property environment="env" />
<condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}">
<isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
</condition>
<!-- The project.properties file is created and updated by the 'android'
tool, as well as ADT.
This contains project specific properties such as project target, and library
dependencies. Lower level build properties are stored in ant.properties
(or in .classpath for Eclipse projects).
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems. -->
<loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" />
<!-- quick check on sdk.dir -->
<fail
message="sdk.dir is missing. Make sure to generate local.properties using 'android update project' or to inject it through the ANDROID_HOME environment variable."
unless="sdk.dir"
/>
<!--
Import per project custom build rules if present at the root of the project.
This is the place to put custom intermediary targets such as:
-pre-build
-pre-compile
-post-compile (This is typically used for code obfuscation.
Compiled code location: ${out.classes.absolute.dir}
If this is not done in place, override ${out.dex.input.absolute.dir})
-post-package
-post-build
-pre-clean
-->
<import file="custom_rules.xml" optional="true" />
<!-- Import the actual build file.
To customize existing targets, there are two options:
- Customize only one target:
- copy/paste the target into this file, *before* the
<import> task.
- customize it to your needs.
- Customize the whole content of build.xml
- copy/paste the content of the rules files (minus the top node)
into this file, replacing the <import> task.
- customize to your needs.
***********************
****** IMPORTANT ******
***********************
In all cases you must update the value of version-tag below to read 'custom' instead of an integer,
in order to avoid having your file be overridden by tools such as "android update project"
-->
<!-- version-tag: 1 -->
<import file="${sdk.dir}/tools/ant/build.xml" />
</project>
然后我在 IntelliJ Idea Build -> Generate Ant Build中做了以下操作并选择了以下选项
- 生成多文件 ant build
- 输出文件名：helloandroid
- 启用 UI 表单编译
- 使用项目文件中的 JSDK 定义
这导致创建了三个额外的文件
- 你好android.properties
- 你好android.xml
- module_helloandroid.xml
你好android.properties
path.variable.maven_repository=C\:\\Users\\abc\\.m2\\repository
jdk.home.android_4.1_platform=C\:/Program Files (x86)/Android/android-sdk
你好android.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="HelloAndroid" default="help">
<!-- The local.properties file is created and updated by the 'android' tool.
It contains the path to the SDK. It should *NOT* be checked into
Version Control Systems. -->
<property file="local.properties" />
<!-- The ant.properties file can be created by you. It is only edited by the
'android' tool to add properties to it.
This is the place to change some Ant specific build properties.
Here are some properties you may want to change/update:
source.dir
The name of the source directory. Default is 'src'.
out.dir
The name of the output directory. Default is 'bin'.
For other overridable properties, look at the beginning of the rules
files in the SDK, at tools/ant/build.xml
Properties related to the SDK location or the project target should
be updated using the 'android' tool with the 'update' action.
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems.
-->
<property file="ant.properties" />
<!-- if sdk.dir was not set from one of the property file, then
get it from the ANDROID_HOME env var.
This must be done before we load project.properties since
the proguard config can use sdk.dir -->
<property environment="env" />
<condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}">
<isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
</condition>
<!-- The project.properties file is created and updated by the 'android'
tool, as well as ADT.
This contains project specific properties such as project target, and library
dependencies. Lower level build properties are stored in ant.properties
(or in .classpath for Eclipse projects).
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems. -->
<loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" />
<!-- quick check on sdk.dir -->
<fail
message="sdk.dir is missing. Make sure to generate local.properties using 'android update project' or to inject it through the ANDROID_HOME environment variable."
unless="sdk.dir"
/>
<!--
Import per project custom build rules if present at the root of the project.
This is the place to put custom intermediary targets such as:
-pre-build
-pre-compile
-post-compile (This is typically used for code obfuscation.
Compiled code location: ${out.classes.absolute.dir}
If this is not done in place, override ${out.dex.input.absolute.dir})
-post-package
-post-build
-pre-clean
-->
<import file="custom_rules.xml" optional="true" />
<!-- Import the actual build file.
To customize existing targets, there are two options:
- Customize only one target:
- copy/paste the target into this file, *before* the
<import> task.
- customize it to your needs.
- Customize the whole content of build.xml
- copy/paste the content of the rules files (minus the top node)
into this file, replacing the <import> task.
- customize to your needs.
***********************
****** IMPORTANT ******
***********************
In all cases you must update the value of version-tag below to read 'custom' instead of an integer,
in order to avoid having your file be overridden by tools such as "android update project"
-->
<!-- version-tag: 1 -->
<import file="${sdk.dir}/tools/ant/build.xml" />
</project>
module_helloandroid.xml
<copy todir="${helloandroid.output.dir}">
<fileset dir="${module.helloandroid.basedir}/src">
<patternset refid="compiler.resources"/>
<type type="file"/>
<patternset refid="excluded.from.compilation.helloandroid"/>
</fileset>
<fileset dir="${module.helloandroid.basedir}/gen">
<patternset refid="compiler.resources"/>
<type type="file"/>
<patternset refid="excluded.from.compilation.helloandroid"/>
</fileset>
</copy>
我的问题
- 为什么我们有不同的 build.xml 和 helloandroid.xml 等两个文件？
- 这些文件可以在构建过程中使用吗？
- 我们可以编辑这些文件以添加更多的 Ant 构建脚本吗？
- 为什么 build.xml 在 处显示错误
env.ANDROID_HOME？ - 什么 helloandroid.xml 显示错误
jdk.home.1.6？