在 Windows 上，subprocess.Popen.terminate调用 win32 的TerminalProcess. 但是，我看到的行为是我试图终止的进程的子进程仍在运行。这是为什么？如何确保该进程启动的所有子进程都被杀死？
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7 回答
72
通过使用psutil：
import psutil, os
def kill_proc_tree(pid, including_parent=True):
parent = psutil.Process(pid)
children = parent.children(recursive=True)
for child in children:
child.kill()
gone, still_alive = psutil.wait_procs(children, timeout=5)
if including_parent:
parent.kill()
parent.wait(5)
me = os.getpid()
kill_proc_tree(me)
于 2010-11-19T21:11:59.047 回答
42
taskkill与/T标志一起使用
p = subprocess.Popen(...)
<wait>
subprocess.call(['taskkill', '/F', '/T', '/PID', str(p.pid)])
taskkill 的标志具有以下文档：
TASKKILL [/S system [/U username [/P [password]]]]
{ [/FI filter] [/PID processid | /IM imagename] } [/T] [/F]
/S system Specifies the remote system to connect to.
/U [domain\]user Specifies the user context under which the
command should execute.
/P [password] Specifies the password for the given user
context. Prompts for input if omitted.
/FI filter Applies a filter to select a set of tasks.
Allows "*" to be used. ex. imagename eq acme*
/PID processid Specifies the PID of the process to be terminated.
Use TaskList to get the PID.
/IM imagename Specifies the image name of the process
to be terminated. Wildcard '*' can be used
to specify all tasks or image names.
/T Terminates the specified process and any
child processes which were started by it.
/F Specifies to forcefully terminate the process(es).
/? Displays this help message.
或者使用 comtypes 和 win32api 遍历进程树：
def killsubprocesses(parent_pid):
'''kill parent and all subprocess using COM/WMI and the win32api'''
log = logging.getLogger('killprocesses')
try:
import comtypes.client
except ImportError:
log.debug("comtypes not present, not killing subprocesses")
return
logging.getLogger('comtypes').setLevel(logging.INFO)
log.debug('Querying process tree...')
# get pid and subprocess pids for all alive processes
WMI = comtypes.client.CoGetObject('winmgmts:')
processes = WMI.InstancesOf('Win32_Process')
subprocess_pids = {} # parent pid -> list of child pids
for process in processes:
pid = process.Properties_('ProcessID').Value
parent = process.Properties_('ParentProcessId').Value
log.trace("process %i's parent is: %s" % (pid, parent))
subprocess_pids.setdefault(parent, []).append(pid)
subprocess_pids.setdefault(pid, [])
# find which we need to kill
log.debug('Determining subprocesses for pid %i...' % parent_pid)
processes_to_kill = []
parent_processes = [parent_pid]
while parent_processes:
current_pid = parent_processes.pop()
subps = subprocess_pids[current_pid]
log.debug("process %i children are: %s" % (current_pid, subps))
parent_processes.extend(subps)
processes_to_kill.extend(subps)
# kill the subprocess tree
if processes_to_kill:
log.info('Process pid %i spawned %i subprocesses, terminating them...' %
(parent_pid, len(processes_to_kill)))
else:
log.debug('Process pid %i had no subprocesses.' % parent_pid)
import ctypes
kernel32 = ctypes.windll.kernel32
for pid in processes_to_kill:
hProcess = kernel32.OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid)
if not hProcess:
log.warning('Unable to open process pid %i for termination' % pid)
else:
log.debug('Terminating pid %i' % pid)
kernel32.TerminateProcess(hProcess, 3)
kernel32.CloseHandle(hProcess)
于 2012-05-31T09:21:14.873 回答
10
这是 Job 对象方法的示例代码，但不是subprocess使用win32api.CreateProcess
import win32process
import win32job
startup = win32process.STARTUPINFO()
(hProcess, hThread, processId, threadId) = win32process.CreateProcess(None, command, None, None, True, win32process.CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB, None, None, startup)
hJob = win32job.CreateJobObject(None, '')
extended_info = win32job.QueryInformationJobObject(hJob, win32job.JobObjectExtendedLimitInformation)
extended_info['BasicLimitInformation']['LimitFlags'] = win32job.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE
win32job.SetInformationJobObject(hJob, win32job.JobObjectExtendedLimitInformation, extended_info)
win32job.AssignProcessToJobObject(hJob, hProcess)
于 2012-10-17T20:25:37.217 回答
8
这是一件很难的事情。Windows 实际上并不在进程空间中存储进程树。也不可能终止一个进程并指定它的孩子也应该死亡。
一种解决方法是使用 taskkill 并告诉它破坏整个树。
另一种方法（假设您正在生成顶级进程）是使用考虑到这种情况而开发的模块：http: //benjamin.smedbergs.us/blog/tag/killableprocess/
为了一般地为自己执行此操作，您必须花一些时间向后构建列表。也就是说，一个进程存储指向其父进程的指针，但父进程似乎不存储有关子进程的信息。
因此，您必须查看系统中的所有进程（这实际上并不难），然后通过查看父进程字段自己手动连接点。然后，您选择您感兴趣的树并遍历整个事物，依次杀死每个节点，一个接一个。
请注意，当父项死亡时，Windows 不会更新子项的父指针，因此您的树中可能存在间隙。我不知道你可以对这些做些什么。
于 2009-08-05T02:12:55.490 回答
6
将孩子放在 NT Job 对象中，然后你可以杀死所有孩子
于 2009-08-05T04:30:00.807 回答
4
我遇到了同样的问题，只是通过 windows 命令杀死进程，并带有杀死孩子的选项“/ T”
def kill_command_windows(pid):
'''Run command via subprocess'''
dev_null = open(os.devnull, 'w')
command = ['TASKKILL', '/F', '/T', '/PID', str(pid)]
proc = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=dev_null, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr)
于 2017-06-20T08:48:15.143 回答
2
我使用 kevin-smyth 的答案创建了一个替代品，subprocess.Popen将创建的子进程限制在匿名作业对象中，设置为关闭时终止：
# coding: utf-8
from subprocess import Popen
import subprocess
import win32job
import win32process
import win32api
class JobPopen(Popen):
"""Start a process in a new Win32 job object.
This `subprocess.Popen` subclass takes the same arguments as Popen and
behaves the same way. In addition to that, created processes will be
assigned to a new anonymous Win32 job object on startup, which will
guarantee that the processes will be terminated by the OS as soon as
either the Popen object, job object handle or parent Python process are
closed.
"""
class _winapijobhandler(object):
"""Patches the native CreateProcess function in the subprocess module
to assign created threads to the given job"""
def __init__(self, oldapi, job):
self._oldapi = oldapi
self._job = job
def __getattr__(self, key):
if key != "CreateProcess":
return getattr(self._oldapi, key) # Any other function is run as before
else:
return self.CreateProcess # CreateProcess will call the function below
def CreateProcess(self, *args, **kwargs):
hp, ht, pid, tid = self._oldapi.CreateProcess(*args, **kwargs)
win32job.AssignProcessToJobObject(self._job, hp)
win32process.ResumeThread(ht)
return hp, ht, pid, tid
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Start a new process using an anonymous job object. Takes the same arguments as Popen"""
# Create a new job object
self._win32_job = self._create_job_object()
# Temporarily patch the subprocess creation logic to assign created
# processes to the new job, then resume execution normally.
CREATE_SUSPENDED = 0x00000004
kwargs.setdefault("creationflags", 0)
kwargs["creationflags"] |= CREATE_SUSPENDED
try:
_winapi = subprocess._winapi # Python 3
_winapi_key = "_winapi"
except AttributeError:
_winapi = subprocess._subprocess # Python 2
_winapi_key = "_subprocess"
try:
setattr(subprocess, _winapi_key, JobPopen._winapijobhandler(_winapi, self._win32_job))
super(JobPopen, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
finally:
setattr(subprocess, _winapi_key, _winapi)
def _create_job_object(self):
"""Create a new anonymous job object"""
hjob = win32job.CreateJobObject(None, "")
extended_info = win32job.QueryInformationJobObject(hjob, win32job.JobObjectExtendedLimitInformation)
extended_info['BasicLimitInformation']['LimitFlags'] = win32job.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE
win32job.SetInformationJobObject(hjob, win32job.JobObjectExtendedLimitInformation, extended_info)
return hjob
def _close_job_object(self, hjob):
"""Close the handle to a job object, terminating all processes inside it"""
if self._win32_job:
win32api.CloseHandle(self._win32_job)
self._win32_job = None
# This ensures that no remaining subprocesses are found when the process
# exits from a `with JobPopen(...)` block.
def __exit__(self, exc_type, value, traceback):
super(JobPopen, self).__exit__(exc_type, value, traceback)
self._close_job_object(self._win32_job)
# Python does not keep a reference outside of the parent class when the
# interpreter exits, which is why we keep it here.
_Popen = subprocess.Popen
def __del__(self):
self._Popen.__del__(self)
self._close_job_object(self._win32_job)
于 2019-06-17T13:35:37.917 回答