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让我首先声明我是 python 新手。我编写了一个脚本，将 .json 文件转换为 csv 格式。我设法编写了一个脚本来完成这项工作，但是如果要更改 json 文件的格式，我认为我的脚本不会起作用。我的脚本假定 json 文件始终采用相同的格式。

<json file example>
 {
"Order":
    {
        "order_id":"8251662",
        "order_date":"2012-08-20 13:17:37",
        "order_date_shipped":"0000-00-00 00:00:00",
        "order_status":"fraudreview",
        "order_ship_firstname":"pam",
        "order_ship_lastname":"Gregorio",
        "order_ship_address1":"1533 E. Dexter St",
        "order_ship_address2":"",
        "order_ship_city":"Covina",
        "order_ship_state":"CA",
        "order_ship_zip":"91746",
        "order_ship_country":"US United States",
        "order_ship_phone":"6268936923",
        "order_ship_email":"pgregorio@brighton.com",
        "order_bill_firstname":"pam",
        "order_bill_lastname":"Gregorio",
        "order_bill_address1":"1533 E. Dexter St",
        "order_bill_address2":"",
        "order_bill_city":"Covina",
        "order_bill_state":"CA",
        "order_bill_zip":"91746",
        "order_bill_country":"US United States",
        "order_bill_phone":"6268936923",
        "order_bill_email":"pgregorio@brighton.com",
        "order_gift_message":"",
        "order_giftwrap":"0",
        "order_gift_charge":"0",
        "order_shipping":"Standard (Within 5-10 Business Days)",
        "order_tax_charge":"62.83",
        "order_tax_shipping":"0",
        "order_tax_rate":"0.0875",
        "order_shipping_charge":"7.5",
        "order_total":"788.33",
        "order_item_count":"12",
        "order_tracking":"",
        "order_carrier":"1"
    },

"Items":
    [
    {
        "item_id":"25379",
        "item_date_shipped":"",
        "item_code":"17345-J3553-J35532",
        "item_quantity":"2","item_taxable":"YES",
        "item_unit_price":"32","item_shipping":"0.67",
        "item_addcharge_price":"0",
        "item_description":" ABC Slide Bracelet: : Size: OS: Silver Sku: J35532",
        "item_quantity_returned":"0",
        "item_quantity_shipped":"0",
        "item_quantity_canceled":"0",
        "item_status":"pending",
        "item_product_id":"17345",
        "item_product_kit_id":"0",
        "item_product_sku":"J35532",
        "item_product_barcode":"881934310775",
        "item_tracking":"",
        "item_carrier":"0",
        "item_source_orderid":""
    },
    {
        "item_id":"25382",
        "item_date_shipped":"",
        "item_code":"17608-J3809-J3809C",
        "item_quantity":"1",
        "item_taxable":"YES",
        "item_unit_price":"22",
        "item_shipping":"0.23",
        "item_addcharge_price":"0",
        "item_description":" \"ABC Starter Bracelet 7 1\/4\"\"\": : Size: OS: Silver Sku: J3809C",
        "item_quantity_returned":"0",
        "item_quantity_shipped":"0",
        "item_quantity_canceled":"0",
        "item_status":"pending",
        "item_product_id":"17608",
        "item_product_kit_id":"0",
        "item_product_sku":"J3809C",
        "item_product_barcode":"881934594175",
        "item_tracking":"",
        "item_carrier":"0",
        "item_source_orderid":""
    },
    {
        "item_id":"25385",
        "item_date_shipped":"",
        "item_code":"17687-J9200-J92000",
        "item_quantity":"2",
        "item_taxable":"YES",
        "item_unit_price":"12",
        "item_shipping":"0.25",
        "item_addcharge_price":"0",
        "item_description":" ABC Cathedral Bead: : Size: OS: Silver Sku: J92000",
        "item_quantity_returned":"0",
        "item_quantity_shipped":"0",
        "item_quantity_canceled":"0",
        "item_status":"pending",
        "item_product_id":"17687",
        "item_product_kit_id":"0",
        "item_product_sku":"J92000",
        "item_product_barcode":"881934602832",
        "item_tracking":"",
        "item_carrier":"0",
        "item_source_orderid":""
    },
    {
        "item_id":"25388",
        "item_date_shipped":"",
        "item_code":"17766-J9240-J92402",
        "item_quantity":"2",
        "item_taxable":"YES",
        "item_unit_price":"22",
        "item_shipping":"0.46",
        "item_addcharge_price":"0",
        "item_description":" ABC Ice Diva Bead: : Size: OS: Silver Sku: J92402",
        "item_quantity_returned":"0",
        "item_quantity_shipped":"0",
        "item_quantity_canceled":"0",
        "item_status":"pending",
        "item_product_id":"17766",
        "item_product_kit_id":"0",
        "item_product_sku":"J92402",
        "item_product_barcode":"881934655838",
        "item_tracking":"",
        "item_carrier":"0",
        "item_source_orderid":""
    },
    ],

"FraudReasons":
    [
    {
        "order_id":"11957",
        "fraud_reason":"order total exceeds max amount"
    },
    {
        "order_id":"11957",
        "fraud_reason":"order exceeds max item count"
    }
]
}

我的脚本目前可以很好地处理这个 json 文件，但是如果只有一个项目或一个欺诈原因，它就不会工作。这是我的脚本的代码。

<script code>
#!/usr/bin/python
import simplejson as json
import optparse
import pycurl
import sys
import csv

json_data = open(file)
data = json.load(json_data)
json_data.close()

csv_file = '/tmp/' + str(options.orderId) + '.csv'
orders = data['Order']
items = data['Items']
frauds = data['FraudReasons']

o = csv.writer(open(csv_file, 'w'), lineterminator=',')

o.writerow([orders['order_id'],orders['order_date'],orders['order_date_shipped'],orders['order_status'],orders['order_ship_firstname'],orders['order_ship_lastname'],orders['order_ship_address1'],orders['order_ship_address2'],orders['order_ship_city'],orders['order_ship_state'],orders['order_ship_zip'],orders['order_ship_country'],orders['order_ship_phone'],orders['order_ship_email'],orders['order_bill_firstname'],orders['order_bill_lastname'],orders['order_bill_address1'],orders['order_bill_address2'],orders['order_bill_city'],orders['order_bill_state'],orders['order_bill_zip'],orders['order_bill_country'],orders['order_bill_phone'],orders['order_bill_email'],orders['order_gift_message'],orders['order_giftwrap'],orders['order_gift_charge'],orders['order_shipping'],orders['order_tax_charge'],orders['order_tax_shipping'],orders['order_tax_rate'],orders['order_shipping_charge'],orders['order_total'],orders['order_item_count'],orders['order_tracking'],orders['order_carrier']])

for item in items:
    o.writerow([item['item_id'],item['item_date_shipped'],item['item_code'],item['item_quantity'],item['item_taxable'],item['item_unit_price'],item['item_shipping'],item['item_addcharge_price'],item['item_description'],item['item_quantity_returned'],item['item_quantity_shipped'],item['item_quantity_canceled'],item['item_status'],item['item_product_id'],item['item_product_kit_id'],item['item_product_sku'],item['item_product_barcode'],item['item_tracking'],item['item_carrier'],item['item_source_orderid']])

for fraud in frauds:
    o.writerow([fraud['fraud_reason']],)

我也无法弄清楚如何不使用标签我希望有人可以帮助我

提前致谢。

4

2 回答 2

2

您可能想使用csv.DictWriter：

    # It's considered best to stash the main logic of your script
    # in a main() function like this.
    def main(filename, options):
        with open(filename) as fi:
            data = json.load(fi)

        csv_file = '/tmp/' + str(options.orderId) + '.csv'
        order = data['Order']
        items = data['Items']
        frauds = data['FraudReasons']

        # Here's one way to keep this maintainable if the JSON
        # format changes, and you don't care too much about the
        # order of the fields...
        orders_fields = sorted(orders.keys())
        item_fields = sorted(items[0].keys()) if items else ()
        fraud_fields = sorted(fraud[0].keys()) if fraud else ()

        csv_options = dict(lineterminator=',')

        with open(csv_file, 'w') as fo:
            o = csv.DictWriter(fo, order_fields, **csv_options)
            o.writeheader()
            o.writerow(orders)

            fo.write('\n')  # Optional, if you want to keep them separated.
            o = csv.DictWriter(fo, item_fields, **csv_options)
            o.writeheader()
            o.writerows(items)

            fo.write('\n')  # Optional, if you want to keep them separated.
            o = csv.DictWriter(fo, fraud_fields, **csv_options)
            o.writeheader()
            o.writerows(frauds)

    # If this script is run from the command line, just run
    # main(). Here's the place to use `optparse`.
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main(...) # You'll need to fill in the main() arguments...

如果您需要指定字段的顺序，请将它们分配给这样的元组：

orders_fields = (
    'order_id',
    'order_date',
    'order_date_shipped',
    # ... etc.
    )
于 2012-09-06T16:42:55.687 回答
0

您应该向 json 生成的对象 ( data) 询问字段的名称。要保留输入顺序，请告诉 json 使用collections.OrderedDict而不是 plain dict（需要 python 2.7）：

import json
from collections import OrderedDict as ordereddict

data = json.loads(open('mydata.json', object_pairs_hook=ordereddict)
orders = data['Order']
print orders.keys()  # Will print the keys in the order they were read

然后，您可以使用with或（更简单） withorders.keys()代替硬编码列表。writerowcsv.DictWriter

请注意，这使用 default json， not simplejson，并且需要 python 2.7 作为ordered_pairs_hook参数和OrderedDict类型。

编辑：是的，我从评论中看到你坚持使用 2.4。您可以从 PyPi 下载一个ordereddict，您可以扩展JSONDecoder该类并使用cls参数传递它（请参见此处），而不是object_pairs_hook，但这更丑陋且需要更多工作......

于 2012-09-06T21:52:41.310 回答