我打算围绕数值模拟编写一个小型 GUI，这就是我现在使用 Tkinter 的原因。模拟应该在单独的过程中从 GUI 启动。为了稍微玩一下，我定义了一个函数 random_process 来生成一对 randn 数（这应该稍后是一个真正的模拟过程）。由于该函数打算在单独的进程中启动，因此将两个 mp.Event 对象和一个 mp.Pipe 对象作为参数传递。主应用程序可以使用一个事件向进程请求累积数据，另一个事件用作“毒丸”杀死“模拟”进程。然后使用管道传递数据。在主应用程序中，我使用 Tkinter 的后功能定期检查是否有新数据到达，然后绘制它。启动和停止“模拟过程”
至少这是想法，在实践中该程序并不能很好地发挥作用。当我点击“开始！” 用于启动模拟过程的按钮，将出现第二个 Tkinter 窗口，与主窗口相同。我一点也不知道为什么会这样。与进程的通信也不起作用，似乎没有发送数据。在谷歌搜索解决方案时，我发现了一个 Tkinter 程序启动进程并与它们交谈的工作示例，但我没有发现是什么导致它在我的情况下不起作用。有人有线索吗？
顺便说一句，操作系统是 Windows-7。
干杯，简
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
import time
import multiprocessing as mp
import Tkinter as Tk
import numpy.random as npr
import matplotlib.figure
import matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg as tkagg
def random_process(delay, data_request, data_in, poison):
while not poison.is_set():
time.sleep(delay)
print("Generating pair of random numbers...")
x,y = npr.randn(), npr.randn()
try:
random_process.l.append((x,y))
except:
random_process.l = [(x,y)]
if data_request.is_set():
data_request.clear()
try:
ll = len(random_process.l)
if ll > 0:
print("Sending %d pairs to main program.." % ll)
data_in.send(random_process.l)
random_process.l = []
except:
print("data requested, but none there.")
# when poison event is set, clear it:
poison.clear()
class GuiInterfaceApp:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.myParent = parent
self.previewplot_container = Tk.Frame(self.myParent)
self.f = matplotlib.figure.Figure()
self.ax = self.f.add_subplot(111)
self.preview_canvas = tkagg.FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.f, master=self.previewplot_container)
self.preview_canvas.show()
self.button_container = Tk.Frame(self.myParent)
self.hellobutton = Tk.Button(self.button_container, text="hello!")
self.hellobutton.config(command = self.printhello)
self.startbutton = Tk.Button(self.button_container, text="go!")
self.startbutton.config(command=self.run_simulation)
self.plotbutton = Tk.Button(self.button_container, text="show!")
self.plotbutton.config(command=self.request_data)
self.stopbutton = Tk.Button(self.button_container, text="stop.")
self.stopbutton.config(command=self.stop_simulation)
self.quitbutton = Tk.Button(self.button_container, text="get me outta here!")
self.quitbutton.config(command=self.quit_program)
self.previewplot_container.pack(side = Tk.TOP)
self.preview_canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)
self.button_container.pack(side = Tk.BOTTOM)
self.hellobutton.pack(side = Tk.LEFT)
self.startbutton.pack(side = Tk.LEFT)
self.plotbutton.pack(side = Tk.LEFT)
self.stopbutton.pack(side = Tk.LEFT)
self.quitbutton.pack(side = Tk.LEFT)
self.simulation_running = False
self.datarequest = mp.Event()
self.DataIn, self.DataOut = mp.Pipe()
self.PoisonEvent = mp.Event()
self.p = mp.Process(target = random_process, args=(1.0, self.datarequest, self.DataIn, self.PoisonEvent))
self.l = [] # list of received pairs to plot
self.mytask_time = 100 # delay in ms between calls to self.mytask
def printhello(self):
print("hello!")
def run_simulation(self):
print("startbutton pressed.")
if not self.simulation_running:
print("starting simulation...")
self.p.start()
self.simulation_running = True # attention: no error checking
def stop_simulation(self):
print("stop button pressed.")
if self.simulation_running:
print("Sending poison pill to simulation process..")
self.PoisonEvent.set()
self.simulation_running = False
# todo: wait a short amount of time and check if simu stopped.
def request_data(self):
print("plotbutton pressed.")
if self.simulation_running:
print("requesting data from simulation process")
self.datarequest.set()
def update_plot(self):
print("update_plot called.")
if len(self.l) > 0:
print("there is data to plot.")
while len(self.l) > 0:
x,y = self.l.pop()
print("plotting point (%.2f, %.2f)" % (x,y))
self.ax.plot([x], [y], '.', color='blue')
print("drawing the hole thing..")
self.ax.draw()
else:
print("nothing to draw")
def quit_program(self):
print("quitbutton pressed.")
if self.simulation_running:
print("sending poison pill to simulation process..")
self.PoisonEvent.set()
print("quitting mainloop..")
self.myParent.quit()
print("destroying root window..")
self.myParent.destroy()
def receive_data(self):
if self.DataOut.poll():
print("receiving data..")
data = self.DataOut.recv()
self.l.append(data)
self.update_plot()
def my_tasks(self):
self.receive_data()
self.myParent.after(self.mytask_time, self.my_tasks)
return
root = Tk.Tk()
myGuiInterfaceApp = GuiInterfaceApp(root)
root.after(100, myGuiInterfaceApp.my_tasks)
root.mainloop()