django - TemplateSyntaxError：渲染时捕获 ImportError：无法导入名称 utils

Question

我无法让这个 django 应用程序在我的 CentOS 6/Apache/2.2.15 上运行。当我运行该应用程序时，我收到此错误：

 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 272, in __call__
     response = self.get_response(request)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 169, in get_response
     response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 203, in handle_uncaught_exception
     return debug.technical_500_response(request, *exc_info)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 59, in technical_500_response
     html = reporter.get_traceback_html()
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 151, in get_traceback_html
     return t.render(c)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 123, in render
     return self._render(context)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 117, in _render
     return self.nodelist.render(context)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 744, in render
     bits.append(self.render_node(node, context))
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py", line 73, in render_node
     result = node.render(context)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py", line 90, in render
     output = self.filter_expression.resolve(context)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 536, in resolve
     new_obj = func(obj, *arg_vals)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaultfilters.py", line 695, in date
     return format(value, arg)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 285, in format
     return df.format(format_string)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 30, in format
     pieces.append(force_unicode(getattr(self, piece)()))
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 191, in r
     return self.format('D, j M Y H:i:s O')
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 30, in format
     pieces.append(force_unicode(getattr(self, piece)()))
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/encoding.py", line 71, in force_unicode
     s = unicode(s)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 206, in __unicode_cast
     return self.__func(*self.__args, **self.__kw)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 81, in ugettext
     return _trans.ugettext(message)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 286, in ugettext
     return do_translate(message, 'ugettext')
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 276, in do_translate
     _default = translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 185, in translation
     default_translation = _fetch(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 162, in _fetch
     app = import_module(appname)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
     __import__(name)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
     from django.contrib.admin.helpers import ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py", line 3, in <module>
     from django.contrib.admin.util import (flatten_fieldsets, lookup_field,
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/util.py", line 1, in <module>
     from django.db import models
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 78, in <module>
     connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
     backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 33, in load_backend
     return import_module('.base', backend_name)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
     __import__(name)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 9, in <module>
     from django.db import utils
 TemplateSyntaxError: Caught ImportError while rendering: cannot import name utils

搜索此错误我找到了一些解决方案，尝试了所有但没有奏效：

使 WSGI 在守护进程模式下运行。
检查 Django 安装路径是否在 Python 路径中。
我认为这可能是因为另一个应用程序在同一个 Apache VirtualHost 上运行，所以我放入了另一个 VH（另一个端口）但没有工作。
我有 2 个数据库连接：这个应用程序上的 Oracle 和 PostgreSQL，Oracle 很好，也许问题是 postgresql_psycopg2。我已经安装了 yum。

这是我的文件：

vhost.conf：

    NameVirtualHost 10.7.0.17:80
    NameVirtualHost 10.7.0.17:8080

    <VirtualHost 10.7.0.17:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@www.domain.com
        ServerName www.domain.com
        ServerAlias www.domain.com
        DocumentRoot /var/www/www.domain.com/html/
        ErrorLog /var/www/www.domain.com/logs/error.log
        CustomLog /var/www/www.domain.com/logs/access.log combined

        WSGIDaemonProcess www.domain.com processes=2 threads=15 display-name=%{GROUP}
        WSGIProcessGroup www.domain.com


        Alias /vlv/media/ /var/www/www.domain.com/django/vlv_vistoria/media/

        WSGIScriptAlias /vlv /var/www/www.domain.com/django/vlv_vistoria/django.wsgi

        <Directory /var/www/www.domain.com/django/vlv_vistoria>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        </Directory>


        <Directory /var/www/www.domain.com/django/vlv_vistoria/media>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        </Directory>

    </VirtualHost>



    <VirtualHost 10.7.0.17:8080>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@www.domain.com
        ServerName www.domain.com
        ServerAlias www.domain.com
        DocumentRoot /var/www/www.domain.com/html/
        ErrorLog /var/www/www.domain.com/logs/sistema_error.log
        CustomLog /var/www/www.domain.com/logs/sistema_access.log combined

        WSGIDaemonProcess sistema.www.domain.com processes=2 threads=15 display-name=%{GROUP}
        WSGIProcessGroup sistema.www.domain.com

        Alias /sistema/media/ /var/www/www.domain.com/django/sistema/media/

        WSGIScriptAlias /sistema /var/www/www.domain.com/django/sistema/django.wsgi

        <Directory /var/www/www.domain.com/django/sistema>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        </Directory>


        <Directory /var/www/www.domain.com/django/sistema/media>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        </Directory>

    </VirtualHost>

django.wsgi

    import os, sys

    sys.path.append('/var/www/www.domain.com/django')
    sys.path.append('/var/www/www.domain.com/django/sistema')

    sys.path.append('/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django')


    root = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..')
    sys.path.insert(0, root)

    os.path.dirname(__file__)
    sys.path.insert(0, root)

    os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings'

    os.environ["ORACLE_HOME"] = "/ora00/app/oracle/product/client"

    import django.core.handlers.wsgi
    application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

提前感谢您的帮助。

score 3 · Accepted Answer

One of the causes for this in the past has been module import path issues.

Specifically, using a mod_wsgi installation compiled against one version of Python, and then using WSGIPythonPath or other means of setting the Python path to refer to a Python virtual environment constructed using a different Python version.

So, validate what version of Python mod_wsgi was compiled and installed for. If that is not Python 2.7, but an older Python version, you can get this specific problem.

For how to check what mod_wsgi was compiled for use:

http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/CheckingYourInstallation#Python_Shared_Library

http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/CheckingYourInstallation#Python_Installation_In_Use

It may also be worthwhile checking patch level revision differences of Python as well when looking at what mod_wsgi was compiled for. I do recollect that there was an issue a one point like this between Python 2.7.1 and 2.7.2 on there about.

That your Python site-packages is under /usr/local then quite possible that mod_wsgi using a different version under /usr.

score 0 · Accepted Answer

如果有人在 Pyramid 和 sqlalchemy 上搜索此问题时偶然发现：

与 Pyramid 一起使用时，我遇到了同样的错误（“ImportError: cannot import name util”）。经过数小时的反复试验，唯一的原因是我在 production.ini 中设置了：

[server:main]
use = egg:waitress#main
host = 0.0.0.0
port = 80

我还在端口 80 上使用 Apache2，这似乎很奇怪，这应该是相同的。将端口更改为例如 6543 后，错误消失并且 WSGI 服务器正常工作。没有必要的 apache2 设置（WSGIPythonHome、WSGIPythonPath）。

显然不相关，我不知道为什么端口冲突会导致此错误，但它可能会帮助其他人解决此问题。

django - TemplateSyntaxError：渲染时捕获 ImportError：无法导入名称 utils

2 回答 2

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