mysql - 如何根据MySQL中的列将数据库表分为两个表

Question

我有一个十列的表：

name, id, colg, schol, add, no, subject, marks, surname, lectures

我可以将此表拆分为两个单独的表而不会丢失任何数据吗？

表一：

name, id, colg, schol, add, no

表二：

subject, marks, surname, lectures

Answer 1

是的，您只需要在表之间创建一对一的关系。您可以通过在每个表上创建一个唯一的主键来做到这一点，其中第二个表的主键也是第一个表的主键的外键。

表格1

PK_ID      (primary key)
name
id
colg
schol
add
no

表#2

PK_ID      (primary key, foreign key to Table #1)
subject
marks
surname
lectures

所以步骤很简单：

1. 创建两个具有上述结构的新表）
2. 将现有表中的所有记录插入表#1
3. 将现有表中的所有记录插入表 #2，并在表 #1 上连接以获取外键

（请注意，您也可以使用现有表中的一列作为主键，例如id，只要它是唯一的。）

Answer 2

CREATE TABLE old_table (name VARCHAR(255), id BIGINT, colg VARCHAR(255), schol VARCHAR(255), addit VARCHAR(255), no VARCHAR(255), subject VARCHAR(255), marks VARCHAR(255), surname VARCHAR(255), lectures VARCHAR(255));

INSERT INTO old_table VALUES("shaun", 1234, "DePaul University", "Computing and Digital Media", "something", "something", "some subject", "A", "Husain","no thank you");

mysql> SELECT * FROM old_table;
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
| name  | id   | colg              | schol                       | addit     | no        | subject      | marks | surname | lectures     |
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
| shaun | 1234 | DePaul University | Computing and Digital Media | something | something | some subject | A     | Husain  | no thank you |
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

CREATE TABLE table1 (name VARCHAR(255), id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, colg VARCHAR(255), schol VARCHAR(255), addit VARCHAR(255), no VARCHAR(255));
CREATE TABLE table2 (id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, subject VARCHAR(255), marks VARCHAR(255), surname VARCHAR(255), lectures VARCHAR(255));

INSERT INTO table1 (name,id,colg,schol,addit,no) SELECT name,id,colg,schol,addit,no from old_table;
INSERT INTO table2 (id,subject,marks,surname,lectures) SELECT id,subject,marks,surname,lectures from old_table;

mysql> select * from table1;
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+
| name  | id   | colg              | schol                       | addit     | no        |
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+
| shaun | 1234 | DePaul University | Computing and Digital Media | something | something |
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from table2;
+------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
| id   | subject      | marks | surname | lectures     |
+------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
| 1234 | some subject | A     | Husain  | no thank you |
+------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from table1 LEFT JOIN table2 on (table1.id=table2.id);
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
| name  | id   | colg              | schol                       | addit     | no        | id   | subject      | marks | surname | lectures     |
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
| shaun | 1234 | DePaul University | Computing and Digital Media | something | something | 1234 | some subject | A     | Husain  | no thank you |
+-------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+--------------+-------+---------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)