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#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define __USE_GNU
#include <sched.h>

void init_lock(struct flock *f)
{
    f->l_type = F_WRLCK;      /* write lock set */
    f->l_whence = SEEK_SET;
    f->l_start = 0;
    f->l_len = 0;
    f->l_pid = getpid();
}

int lock(int fd, struct flock *f)
{
    init_lock(f);
    if(fcntl(fd, F_SETLKW, f) == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr,"fcntl() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

int unlock(int fd, struct flock *f)
{
f->l_type = F_UNLCK;
if(fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, f) == -1) {
    fprintf(stderr, "fcntl() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
    return -1;
}
return 0;
}

int file_op(void *arg)
{
char buff[256];
int fd = (int) arg, n;
struct flock my_lock;

printf("Trying to get lock\n");
if(lock(fd, &my_lock) == -1) {    /* lock acquired by a thread */
    return -1;
}

printf("Got lock: %d\n", getpid());  /* I am printing thread id after lock() */
printf("Enter string to write in file : ");
scanf("%s", buff);

if((n=write(fd, &buff, strlen(buff))) == -1) {
    fprintf(stderr, "write() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
}

if(unlock(fd, &my_lock) == -1) {
    return -1;
}
printf("Lock Released: %d\n", getpid());
return 0;
}

int main()
{
char *stack;
int fd, i=0, cid, stacksize;

if((fd = open("sample.txt", O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, 0644)) == -1) {
    printf("Error in file opening\n");
    exit(1);
}

stacksize = 3*1024*1024;
for(i=0; i<5; i++) {
    stack = malloc(stacksize);
    if((cid = clone(&file_op, stack + stacksize, CLONE_VM | CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_THREAD, (void *) fd)) == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr,"clone() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        break;
    }
}
sleep(30);
close(fd);
return 0;
}

我希望每个 clone() 都会等待锁定。但是此代码的输出(类似这样):

Trying to get lock
Trying to get lock
Trying to get lock
Got lock: Got lock: 10287
Got lock: Got lock: 10287

Enter string to write in file : Trying to get lock
Enter string to wriGot lock: 10287
Got lock: 10287
Got lock: 10287
Enter string to write in file : Trying to get lock
Got lock: 10287
Got lock: Enter string to write in file :

但是当我从 clone(2) 中删除 CLONE_FILES 字段集时,一切顺利。其他克隆线程将等待 lock()。

输出:

Trying to get lock
Got lock: 10311
Trying to get lock
Trying to get lock
Trying to get lock
Trying to get lock

还有其他选择(使用 CLONE_FILES)吗?为什么会出现这种行为?

该领域的初学者。

4

1 回答 1

2

flock每个进程提供的锁定,而不是每个线程。

来自http://linux.die.net/man/2/flock(强调我的):

如果另一个进程持有不兼容的锁,则调用flock() 可能会阻塞。

对已锁定文件的后续flock() 调用会将现有锁定转换为新锁定模式。

由flock() 创建的锁与打开的文件表条目相关联。

尽管没有明确提到线程,但多个线程共享一个文件表条目,而多个进程则没有。传递CLONE_FILESclone会导致您的“进程”共享文件表。

一个解决方案可能是调用dup以生成更多文件描述符。从文档中:

如果一个进程使用 open(2) (或类似方法)为同一个文件获取多个描述符
,这些描述符将由flock() 独立处理。使用这些文件描述符之一锁定文件的尝试可能会被调用进程已通过另一个描述符放置的锁定拒绝。

于 2012-08-30T13:25:41.267 回答