我在 Scrapy 中编写了一个蜘蛛,它基本上做得很好,并且完全按照它应该做的。问题是我需要对其进行一些小改动,并且我尝试了几种方法都没有成功(例如修改 InitSpider)。这是脚本现在应该执行的操作:
- 抓取起始网址
http://www.example.de/index/search?method=simple
- 现在继续访问网址
http://www.example.de/index/search?filter=homepage
- 使用规则中定义的模式从这里开始爬行
所以基本上所有需要改变的就是在两者之间调用一个 URL。我宁愿不用 BaseSpider 重写整个事情,所以我希望有人对如何实现这一点有一个想法:)
如果您需要任何其他信息,请告诉我。您可以在下面找到当前脚本。
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors.sgml import SgmlLinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector
from scrapy.http import Request
from example.items import ExampleItem
from scrapy.contrib.loader.processor import TakeFirst
import re
import urllib
take_first = TakeFirst()
class ExampleSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = "example"
allowed_domains = ["example.de"]
start_url = "http://www.example.de/index/search?method=simple"
start_urls = [start_url]
rules = (
# http://www.example.de/index/search?page=2
# http://www.example.de/index/search?page=1&tab=direct
Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=('\/index\/search\?page=\d*$', )), callback='parse_item', follow=True),
Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=('\/index\/search\?page=\d*&tab=direct', )), callback='parse_item', follow=True),
)
def parse_item(self, response):
hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)
# fetch all company entries
companies = hxs.select("//ul[contains(@class, 'directresults')]/li[contains(@id, 'entry')]")
items = []
for company in companies:
item = ExampleItem()
item['name'] = take_first(company.select(".//span[@class='fn']/text()").extract())
item['address'] = company.select(".//p[@class='data track']/text()").extract()
item['website'] = take_first(company.select(".//p[@class='customurl track']/a/@href").extract())
# we try to fetch the number directly from the page (only works for premium entries)
item['telephone'] = take_first(company.select(".//p[@class='numericdata track']/a/text()").extract())
if not item['telephone']:
# if we cannot fetch the number it has been encoded on the client and hidden in the rel=""
item['telephone'] = take_first(company.select(".//p[@class='numericdata track']/a/@rel").extract())
items.append(item)
return items
编辑
这是我对 InitSpider 的尝试:https ://gist.github.com/150b30eaa97e0518673a 我从这里得到了这个想法:Crawling with an authenticated session in Scrapy
如您所见,它仍然继承自 CrawlSpider,但我对核心 Scrapy 文件进行了一些更改(不是我最喜欢的方法)。我让 CrawlSpider 从 InitSpider 而不是 BaseSpider ( source ) 继承。
到目前为止,这是可行的,但是蜘蛛只是在第一页之后停止,而不是拾取所有其他页面。
此外,这种方法对我来说似乎完全没有必要:)