我有一个旨在由多个用户在多台计算机上运行的脚本,他们的 Dropbox 文件夹并不都在各自的主目录中。我不想在脚本中硬编码路径。我宁愿以编程方式找出路径。
欢迎任何建议。
编辑:我没有在脚本中使用 Dropbox API,脚本只是读取用户之间共享的特定 Dropbox 文件夹中的文件。我唯一需要的是 Dropbox 文件夹的路径,因为我当然已经知道 Dropbox 文件结构中的相对路径。
编辑:如果重要的话,我使用的是 Windows 7。
我在这里找到了答案。设置s
等于第 2 行,~\AppData\Roaming\Dropbox\host.db
然后用 base64 解码它给出了路径。
def _get_appdata_path():
import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes, windll
CSIDL_APPDATA = 26
_SHGetFolderPath = windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW
_SHGetFolderPath.argtypes = [wintypes.HWND,
ctypes.c_int,
wintypes.HANDLE,
wintypes.DWORD,
wintypes.LPCWSTR]
path_buf = wintypes.create_unicode_buffer(wintypes.MAX_PATH)
result = _SHGetFolderPath(0, CSIDL_APPDATA, 0, 0, path_buf)
return path_buf.value
def dropbox_home():
from platform import system
import base64
import os.path
_system = system()
if _system in ('Windows', 'cli'):
host_db_path = os.path.join(_get_appdata_path(),
'Dropbox',
'host.db')
elif _system in ('Linux', 'Darwin'):
host_db_path = os.path.expanduser('~'
'/.dropbox'
'/host.db')
else:
raise RuntimeError('Unknown system={}'
.format(_system))
if not os.path.exists(host_db_path):
raise RuntimeError("Config path={} doesn't exists"
.format(host_db_path))
with open(host_db_path, 'r') as f:
data = f.read().split()
return base64.b64decode(data[1])
Dropbox 帮助中心对此有答案 -如何以编程方式查找 Dropbox 文件夹路径?
使用~/.dropbox/info.json
或%APPDATA%\Dropbox\info.json
以这种方式访问有效%APPDATA%
或%LOCALAPPDATA%
位置:
import os
from pathlib import Path
import json
try:
json_path = (Path(os.getenv('LOCALAPPDATA'))/'Dropbox'/'info.json').resolve()
except FileNotFoundError:
json_path = (Path(os.getenv('APPDATA'))/'Dropbox'/'info.json').resolve()
with open(str(json_path)) as f:
j = json.load(f)
personal_dbox_path = Path(j['personal']['path'])
business_dbox_path = Path(j['business']['path'])
您可以使用搜索文件系统os.walk
。Dropbox文件夹可能位于用户的主目录中,因此为了节省一些时间,您可以将搜索限制在此范围内。例子:
import os
dropbox_folder = None
for dirname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(os.path.expanduser('~')):
for subdirname in dirnames:
if(subdirname == 'Dropbox'):
dropbox_folder = os.path.join(dirname, subdirname)
break
if dropbox_folder:
break
# dropbox_folder now contains the full path to the Dropbox folder, or
# None if the folder wasn't found
或者,您可以提示用户输入 Dropbox 文件夹位置,或通过配置文件对其进行配置。
这种基于JF Sebastian建议的改编适用于我在 Ubuntu 上:
os.path.expanduser('~/Dropbox')
并实际设置工作目录:
os.chdir(os.path.expanduser('~/Dropbox'))
注意:需要 Dropbox >= 2.8
Dropbox 现在将路径以 json 格式存储在一个名为info.json
. 它位于以下两个位置之一:
%APPDATA%\Dropbox\info.json
%LOCALAPPDATA%\Dropbox\info.json
我可以通过 访问%APPDATA%
Python 中的环境变量os.environ['APPDATA']
,但是我同时检查了 和os.environ['LOCALAPPDATA']
。然后我将 JSON 转换为字典并读取'path'
相应 Dropbox(企业或个人)下的值。
下面代码调用get_dropbox_location()
会返回企业Dropbox的文件路径,同时get_dropbox_location('personal')
会返回个人Dropbox的文件路径。
import os
import json
def get_dropbox_location(account_type='business'):
"""
Returns a string of the filepath of the Dropbox for this user
:param account_type: str, 'business' or 'personal'
"""
info_path = _get_dropbox_info_path()
info_dict = _get_dictionary_from_path_to_json(info_path)
return _get_dropbox_path_from_dictionary(info_dict, account_type)
def _get_dropbox_info_path():
"""
Returns filepath of Dropbox file info.json
"""
path = _create_dropox_info_path('APPDATA')
if path:
return path
return _create_dropox_info_path('LOCALAPPDATA')
def _create_dropox_info_path(appdata_str):
r"""
Looks up the environment variable given by appdata_str and combines with \Dropbox\info.json
Then checks if the info.json exists at that path, and if so returns the filepath, otherwise
returns False
"""
path = os.path.join(os.environ[appdata_str], r'Dropbox\info.json')
if os.path.exists(path):
return path
return False
def _get_dictionary_from_path_to_json(info_path):
"""
Loads a json file and returns as a dictionary
"""
with open(info_path, 'r') as f:
text = f.read()
return json.loads(text)
def _get_dropbox_path_from_dictionary(info_dict, account_type):
"""
Returns the 'path' value under the account_type dictionary within the main dictionary
"""
return info_dict[account_type]['path']
这是一个纯 Python 解决方案,与其他使用info.json
.
一种选择是您可以搜索.dropbox.cache
目录(至少在 Mac 和 Linux 上)是 Dropbox 目录中的隐藏文件夹。
我相当肯定 Dropbox 将其首选项存储在一个加密.dbx
容器中,因此使用 Dropbox 使用的相同方法提取它并非易事。
这应该适用于Win7。使用getEnvironmentVariable("APPDATA")
代替os.getenv('APPDATA')
支持 Unicode 文件路径 - 请参阅题为“ python appdata environvent 变量中的变音符号问题”的问题。
import base64
import ctypes
import os
def getEnvironmentVariable(name):
""" read windows native unicode environment variables """
# (could just use os.environ dict in Python 3)
name = unicode(name) # make sure string argument is unicode
n = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW(name, None, 0)
if not n:
return None
else:
buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(u'\0'*n)
ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW(name, buf, n)
return buf.value
def getDropboxRoot():
# find the path for Dropbox's root watch folder from its sqlite host.db database.
# Dropbox stores its databases under the currently logged in user's %APPDATA% path.
# If you have installed multiple instances of dropbox under the same login this only finds the 1st one.
# Dropbox stores its databases under the currently logged in user's %APPDATA% path.
# usually "C:\Documents and Settings\<login_account>\Application Data"
sConfigFile = os.path.join(getEnvironmentVariable("APPDATA"),
'Dropbox', 'host.db')
# return null string if can't find or work database file.
if not os.path.exists(sConfigFile):
return None
# Dropbox Watch Folder Location is base64 encoded as the last line of the host.db file.
with open(sConfigFile) as dbxfile:
for sLine in dbxfile:
pass
# decode last line, path to dropbox watch folder with no trailing slash.
return base64.b64decode(sLine)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print getDropboxRoot()