有没有一种简单的方法可以从 R 中列出包中的所有内容？
例如，如果我键入foreach:::并点击tab两次，我可以看到那里的所有内容。
我还能如何获得这些对象的名称？
注意，ls("package:foreach", all.names=TRUE)不显示类似的东西.foreachGlobals
问问题
1584 次
4 回答
29
ls("package:foreach", all.names=TRUE)仅显示附加到搜索路径的内容，其中仅包括从命名空间导出的对象。ls在结果上使用getNamespace：
ls(getNamespace("foreach"), all.names=TRUE)
于 2012-08-24T19:26:41.390 回答
7
我一直在使用的一个实用程序，我发现它对此很有用（并且还提供了一些其他有用的东西），例如：
ls(get('.__NAMESPACE__.', envir = asNamespace('ggplot2', base.OK = FALSE),
inherits = FALSE))
[1] "dynlibs" "exports" "imports" "lazydata" "path" "S3methods" "spec"
访问 NAMESPACE 中的所有导出和内部变量，即
ggplot2:::
lsp(ggplot2)
# [1] ".__C__Scales" ".__global__"
# [3] ".__NAMESPACE__." ".__S3MethodsTable__."
# [5] ".all_aesthetics" ".base_to_ggplot"
# [7] ".element_tree" ".onAttach"
# [9] ".packageName" ".plot_store"
# ...
仅访问导出的，即
ggplot2::
lsp(ggplot2, 'exports')
# $exports
# [1] "%+%" "%+replace%"
# [3] "aes" "aes_all"
# [5] "aes_auto" "aes_q"
# [7] "aes_string" "annotate"
# [9] "annotation_custom" "annotation_logticks"
# ...
对于库路径
lsp('ggplot2', 'path')
# $path
# [1] "/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.1/Resources/library/ggplot2"
对于包中包含的数据
lsp('ggplot2', 'lazydata')
# $lazydata
# [1] "diamonds" "economics" "midwest" "movies" "mpg"
# [6] "msleep" "presidential" "seals"
对于 S3 方法
lsp('ggplot2', 'S3methods')
# $S3methods
# [,1] [,2] [,3]
# [1,] "+" "gg" "+.gg"
# [2,] "[" "uneval" "[.uneval"
# [3,] "as.character" "uneval" "as.character.uneval"
# [4,] "autoplot" "default" "autoplot.default"
# [5,] "coord_aspect" "default" "coord_aspect.default"
# [6,] "coord_aspect" "fixed" "coord_aspect.fixed"
# [7,] "coord_aspect" "map" "coord_aspect.map"
# [8,] "coord_aspect" "polar" "coord_aspect.polar"
# [9,] "coord_aspect" "quickmap" "coord_aspect.quickmap"
# ...
看到一切
lsp('ggplot2')
# pages and pages
代码：
lsp <- function(package, what, pattern) {
if (!is.character(substitute(package)))
package <- deparse(substitute(package))
ns <- asNamespace(package)
if (missing(pattern))
pattern <- '.*'
## base package does not have NAMESPACE
if (isBaseNamespace(ns)) {
res <- ls(.BaseNamespaceEnv, all.names = TRUE)
return(res[grep(pattern, res, perl = TRUE, ignore.case = TRUE)])
} else {
## for non base packages
if (exists('.__NAMESPACE__.', envir = ns, inherits = FALSE)) {
wh <- get('.__NAMESPACE__.', inherits = FALSE,
envir = asNamespace(package, base.OK = FALSE))
what <- if (missing(what)) 'all'
else if ('?' %in% what) return(ls(wh))
else ls(wh)[pmatch(what[1], ls(wh))]
if (!is.null(what) && !any(what %in% c('all', ls(wh))))
stop('\'what\' should be one of ',
paste0(shQuote(ls(wh)), collapse = ', '),
', or \'all\'', domain = NA)
res <- sapply(ls(wh), function(x) getNamespaceInfo(ns, x))
res <- rapply(res, ls, classes = 'environment',
how = 'replace', all.names = TRUE)
if (is.null(what))
return(res[grep(pattern, res, perl = TRUE, ignore.case = TRUE)])
if (what %in% 'all') {
res <- ls(getNamespace(package), all.names = TRUE)
return(res[grep(pattern, res, perl = TRUE, ignore.case = TRUE)])
}
if (any(what %in% ls(wh))) {
res <- res[[what]]
return(res[grep(pattern, res, perl = TRUE, ignore.case = TRUE)])
}
} else stop(sprintf('no NAMESPACE file found for package %s', package))
}
}
我也喜欢它，因为它展示了它的用处rapply：}
于 2014-07-16T18:43:58.097 回答
1
Revolution R Enterprise（免费供学术使用）是 R 的编辑器/调试器/GUI，默认情况下在启动时打开“对象浏览器”窗口。单击一个包可以查看其所有内容，包括类和环境。我觉得这很有帮助。
于 2012-08-27T03:24:20.813 回答
0
我知道这是一个较老的问题，但我最近创建了一个脚本，可以很好地获取这些信息。它需要一个包名称向量来获取每个包中每个函数的以下信息。包名称、函数名称、函数的 str() 以及每个函数的帮助文件中的描述文本。如果有人感兴趣，代码如下。
available.packages <- installed.packages()
suppressMessages(if(!"XML" %in% available.packages) install.packages("XML",repos = "https://cran.cnr.berkeley.edu/"))
library(XML)
# Function to get data from help console
help_console <- function(topic, format=c("text", "html", "latex", "Rd"),
lines=NULL, before=NULL, after=NULL, pkg) {
format=match.arg(format)
if (!is.character(topic)) topic <- deparse(substitute(topic))
helpfile <- tryCatch({
helpfile <- utils:::.getHelpFile(help(topic, package = as.character(pkg)))
}, error = function(err) {
helpfile <- NA
})
if(!is.na(helpfile[1]))
{hs <- capture.output(switch(format,
text=tools:::Rd2txt(helpfile),
html=tools:::Rd2HTML(helpfile),
latex=tools:::Rd2latex(helpfile),
Rd=tools:::prepare_Rd(helpfile)))
if(!is.null(lines)) hs <- hs[lines]
hs <- c(before, hs, after)
html <- paste(hs, sep="\n", collapse = "")
} else{
html <- NA
}
return(html)
}
# Function to retrieve information on functions within a package
get.funcs <- function(pkg){
if(pkg %in% available.packages){
print(pkg)
require(pkg, character.only = TRUE)
df <- as.data.frame(as.vector(lsf.str(paste0("package:", pkg))), stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
colnames(df) <- "function.name"
df$usage <- sapply(df$function.name, function(x) capture.output(str(get(x)))[1])
df$package <- pkg
df$description <- mapply(function(x,y) {
html <- help_console(x, "html", lines = 1:25, before = "", after = "", pkg = y)
if(!is.na(html)){
doc <- htmlParse(html, asText = TRUE)
plain.text <- xpathSApply(doc, "//p", xmlValue)[1]
} else{
plain.text <- NA
}
},
df$function.name,
df$package)
return(df[,c("package","function.name","usage","description")])
} else{
print(paste(pkg, "- has not been installed and cannot be processed!"))
return(NULL)
}
}
# Create a vector of packages to process
packages <- c("base","dplyr","lubridate","plyr","readr","readxl","reshape2","RODBC","stringr","tidyr","XLConnect","xlsx","XML","zoo")
# Create a list of dataframes containing package information
ldf <- lapply(packages, get.funcs)
# Combine all dataframes in the list to a single dataframe
df <- do.call(rbind, ldf)
于 2017-06-26T17:19:03.303 回答