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我正在考虑获取一组对象,假设目前有 3 个对象处于活动状态,它们都实现了一个通用接口,然后将这些对象包装在第四个对象中,也实现了相同的接口。

第四个对象的方法和属性实现将简单地调用这 3 个底层对象的相关位。我知道在某些情况下这样做没有意义,但这是针对服务多播架构的,因此已经存在一系列很好的限制。

我的问题是从哪里开始。第四个对象的生成应该在内存中,在运行时完成,所以我在想Reflection.Emit,不幸的是我没有足够的经验,甚至不知道从哪里开始。

我必须构建一个内存程序集吗?它看起来确实是这样,但我只想快速指向我应该从哪里开始。

基本上,我正在考虑获取一个接口和一个对象实例列表,它们都实现了该接口,并构造了一个新对象,也实现了该接口,它应该“多播”所有方法调用和对所有底层对象的属性访问,在尽可能少。会有很多与异常有关的问题,但我会在遇到这些问题时解决这些问题。

这适用于面向服务的架构,我希望现有代码以记录器服务为例,现在可以访问多个记录器服务,而无需更改使用这些服务的代码。相反,我想运行时生成一个 logger-service-wrapper,它在内部简单地调用多个底层对象的相关方法。

这适用于 .NET 3.5 和 C#。

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3 回答 3

7

如果有人感兴趣,我会在这里发布我自己的实现。

这深受我接受的 Marc 回答的影响和复制。

该代码可用于包装一组对象,它们都实现了一个公共接口,在一个新对象中,也实现了所述接口。当访问返回对象上的方法和属性时,以相同的方式访问底层对象上的相应方法和属性。

Here there are dragons:这是针对特定用途的。这可能会出现奇怪的问题,特别是因为代码不能确保所有底层对象都被赋予与被调用者传递的完全相同的对象(或者更确切地说,它不禁止底层对象之一与参数混淆) , 对于返回值的方法,只会返回最后一个返回值。至于 out/ref 参数,我什至没有测试过它是如何工作的,但它可能没有。你被警告了。

#region Using

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using LVK.Collections;

#endregion

namespace LVK.IoC
{
    /// <summary>
    /// This class implements a service wrapper that can wrap multiple services into a single multicast
    /// service, that will in turn dispatch all method calls down into all the underlying services.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This code is heavily influenced and copied from Marc Gravell's implementation which he
    /// posted on Stack Overflow here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/847809
    /// </remarks>
    public static class MulticastService
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Wrap the specified services in a single multicast service object.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TService">
        /// The type of service to implement a multicast service for.
        /// </typeparam>
        /// <param name="services">
        /// The underlying service objects to multicast all method calls to.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The multicast service instance.
        /// </returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
        /// <para><paramref name="services"/> is <c>null</c>.</para>
        /// <para>- or -</para>
        /// <para><paramref name="services"/> contains a <c>null</c> reference.</para>
        /// </exception>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">
        /// <para><typeparamref name="TService"/> is not an interface type.</para>
        /// </exception>
        public static TService Wrap<TService>(params TService[] services)
            where TService: class
        {
            return (TService)Wrap(typeof(TService), (Object[])services);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Wrap the specified services in a single multicast service object.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceInterfaceType">
        /// The <see cref="Type"/> object for the service interface to implement a multicast service for.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="services">
        /// The underlying service objects to multicast all method calls to.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The multicast service instance.
        /// </returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
        /// <para><paramref name="serviceInterfaceType"/> is <c>null</c>.</para>
        /// <para>- or -</para>
        /// <para><paramref name="services"/> is <c>null</c>.</para>
        /// <para>- or -</para>
        /// <para><paramref name="services"/> contains a <c>null</c> reference.</para>
        /// </exception>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">
        /// <para><typeparamref name="TService"/> is not an interface type.</para>
        /// </exception>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">
        /// <para>One or more of the service objects in <paramref name="services"/> does not implement
        /// the <paramref name="serviceInterfaceType"/> interface.</para>
        /// </exception>
        public static Object Wrap(Type serviceInterfaceType, params Object[] services)
        {
            #region Parameter Validation

            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(null, serviceInterfaceType))
                throw new ArgumentNullException("serviceInterfaceType");
            if (!serviceInterfaceType.IsInterface)
                throw new ArgumentException("serviceInterfaceType");
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(null, services) || services.Length == 0)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("services");
            foreach (var service in services)
            {
                if (Object.ReferenceEquals(null, service))
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("services");
                if (!serviceInterfaceType.IsAssignableFrom(service.GetType()))
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("One of the specified services does not implement the specified service interface");
            }

            #endregion

            if (services.Length == 1)
                return services[0];

            AssemblyName assemblyName = new AssemblyName(String.Format("tmp_{0}", serviceInterfaceType.FullName));
            String moduleName = String.Format("{0}.dll", assemblyName.Name);
            String ns = serviceInterfaceType.Namespace;
            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(ns))
                ns += ".";

            var assembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(assemblyName,
                AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave);
            var module = assembly.DefineDynamicModule(moduleName, false);
            var type = module.DefineType(String.Format("{0}Multicast_{1}", ns, serviceInterfaceType.Name),
                TypeAttributes.Class |
                TypeAttributes.AnsiClass |
                TypeAttributes.Sealed |
                TypeAttributes.NotPublic);
            type.AddInterfaceImplementation(serviceInterfaceType);

            var ar = Array.CreateInstance(serviceInterfaceType, services.Length);
            for (Int32 index = 0; index < services.Length; index++)
                ar.SetValue(services[index], index);

            // Define _Service0..N-1 private service fields
            FieldBuilder[] fields = new FieldBuilder[services.Length];
            var cab = new CustomAttributeBuilder(
                typeof(DebuggerBrowsableAttribute).GetConstructor(new Type[] { typeof(DebuggerBrowsableState) }),
                new Object[] { DebuggerBrowsableState.Never });
            for (Int32 index = 0; index < services.Length; index++)
            {
                fields[index] = type.DefineField(String.Format("_Service{0}", index),
                    serviceInterfaceType, FieldAttributes.Private);

                // Ensure the field don't show up in the debugger tooltips
                fields[index].SetCustomAttribute(cab);
            }

            // Define a simple constructor that takes all our services as arguments
            var ctor = type.DefineConstructor(MethodAttributes.Public,
                CallingConventions.HasThis,
                Sequences.Repeat(serviceInterfaceType, services.Length).ToArray());
            var generator = ctor.GetILGenerator();

            // Store each service into its own fields
            for (Int32 index = 0; index < services.Length; index++)
            {
                generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
                switch (index)
                {
                    case 0:
                        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
                        break;

                    case 1:
                        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_2);
                        break;

                    case 2:
                        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_3);
                        break;

                    default:
                        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, index + 1);
                        break;
                }
                generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, fields[index]);
            }
            generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

            // Implement all the methods of the interface
            foreach (var method in serviceInterfaceType.GetMethods())
            {
                var args = method.GetParameters();
                var methodImpl = type.DefineMethod(method.Name,
                    MethodAttributes.Private | MethodAttributes.Virtual,
                    method.ReturnType, (from arg in args select arg.ParameterType).ToArray());
                type.DefineMethodOverride(methodImpl, method);

                // Generate code to simply call down into each service object
                // Any return values are discarded, except the last one, which is returned
                generator = methodImpl.GetILGenerator();
                for (Int32 index = 0; index < services.Length; index++)
                {
                    generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
                    generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, fields[index]);
                    for (Int32 paramIndex = 0; paramIndex < args.Length; paramIndex++)
                    {
                        switch (paramIndex)
                        {
                            case 0:
                                generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
                                break;

                            case 1:
                                generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_2);
                                break;

                            case 2:
                                generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_3);
                                break;

                            default:
                                generator.Emit((paramIndex < 255)
                                    ? OpCodes.Ldarg_S
                                    : OpCodes.Ldarg,
                                    paramIndex + 1);
                                break;
                        }

                    }
                    generator.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, method);
                    if (method.ReturnType != typeof(void) && index < services.Length - 1)
                        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Pop); // discard N-1 return values
                }
                generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
            }

            return Activator.CreateInstance(type.CreateType(), services);
        }
    }
}
于 2009-07-30T11:40:00.620 回答
6

(我在这里通过添加额外的上下文/信息来证明答案)

是的,目前Reflection.Emit是解决这个问题的唯一方法。

在 .NET 4.0 中,Expression该类已扩展为支持循环和语句块,因此对于单一方法使用,编译Expression将是一个好主意。但即使这样也不支持多方法接口(仅支持单方法委托)。

幸运的是,我以前做过这个;请参阅如何编写在 C# 中实现给定接口的通用容器类?

于 2009-07-30T10:57:23.920 回答
1

您真的需要在运行时创建程序集吗?

可能你不需要它。

c# 为您提供 Action<T>、is 运算符和 lambda/delegates...

于 2009-07-30T09:54:11.193 回答