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我有一个JPanel带有绘制背景图像的布局管理器和一个包含其他较小图像的布局管理器，所有这些都在JFrame. 背景图像非常大，我希望无论在大显示器还是小显示器上都能保持其纵横比。

最终，我希望能够将LayoutManager其单元格中的我和较小的图像“粘合”到背景图片上。

我四处寻找资源，似乎很多示例都使用 aBufferedImage但我不是；这会造成问题吗？我将在下面发布我的代码以绘制图像，如果我缺少任何信息，请告诉我。

public class MonitorPanel extends JPanel {
    Image img;
    public MonitorPanel() throws MalformedURLException {
        //add components

        try {
            img = ImageIO.read(new File("src/customer_vlans.jpg"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
    //paint background image
    super.paintComponent(g);
    //g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);
    g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, this);

}

}

编辑：我应该提到我知道纵横比公式： 原始高度/原始宽度x新宽度=新高度 但是，我不知道如何正确使用它来发挥我的优势。

4

4 回答 4

49

那么，最快和最简单的解决方案是使用Image.getScaledInstance

g.drawImage(img.getScaledInstance(newWidth, -1, Image. SCALE_SMOOTH), x, y, this);

如果您想知道负数，java 文档会说：

如果宽度或高度为负数，则替换一个值以保持原始图像尺寸的纵横比。如果宽度和高度都是负数，则使用原始图像尺寸。

更新

就像旁注一样（我的谷歌正在播放）。

getScaledInstance不是最快或最高质量的方法，但它是最简单的。

阅读The Perils of Image.getScaledInstance以获得更多想法

更新

缩放图像以适应区域比简单地缩放纵横比稍微复杂一些。您必须选择是否希望图像“适合”该区域（可能在其周围留下空白区域）或“填充”该区域（使其最小尺寸适合该区域的最大尺寸）。

合身填

适合和填充

基本上，我使用比例因子

这将返回特定大小的比例因子。我用它来根据我需要的算法来决定我想使用哪个因素

public static double getScaleFactor(int iMasterSize, int iTargetSize) {

    double dScale = 1;
    if (iMasterSize > iTargetSize) {

        dScale = (double) iTargetSize / (double) iMasterSize;

    } else {

        dScale = (double) iTargetSize / (double) iMasterSize;

    }

    return dScale;

}

这两种方法都使用它。他们只需要两个Dimensions。原件和目标。

public static double getScaleFactorToFit(Dimension original, Dimension toFit) {

    double dScale = 1d;

    if (original != null && toFit != null) {

        double dScaleWidth = getScaleFactor(original.width, toFit.width);
        double dScaleHeight = getScaleFactor(original.height, toFit.height);

        dScale = Math.min(dScaleHeight, dScaleWidth);

    }

    return dScale;

}

public static double getScaleFactorToFill(Dimension masterSize, Dimension targetSize) {

    double dScaleWidth = getScaleFactor(masterSize.width, targetSize.width);
    double dScaleHeight = getScaleFactor(masterSize.height, targetSize.height);

    double dScale = Math.max(dScaleHeight, dScaleWidth);

    return dScale;

}

将图像传入（直接或通过支持方法）相对简单。因此，例如，您可以从您的paint方法中调用它

double factor getScaledFactorToFit(new Dimension(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight()), getSize());

int scaledWidth = image.getWidth() * scale;
int scaledHeight *= image.getWidth() * scale;

这将自动为您处理纵横比；）

更新了扩展示例

public double getScaleFactor(int iMasterSize, int iTargetSize) {

    double dScale = 1;
    if (iMasterSize > iTargetSize) {

        dScale = (double) iTargetSize / (double) iMasterSize;

    } else {

        dScale = (double) iTargetSize / (double) iMasterSize;

    }

    return dScale;

}

public double getScaleFactorToFit(Dimension original, Dimension toFit) {

    double dScale = 1d;

    if (original != null && toFit != null) {

        double dScaleWidth = getScaleFactor(original.width, toFit.width);
        double dScaleHeight = getScaleFactor(original.height, toFit.height);

        dScale = Math.min(dScaleHeight, dScaleWidth);

    }

    return dScale;

}

@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

    super.paintComponent(g);

    double scaleFactor = Math.min(1d, getScaleFactorToFit(new Dimension(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight()), getSize()));

    int scaleWidth = (int) Math.round(image.getWidth() * scaleFactor);
    int scaleHeight = (int) Math.round(image.getHeight() * scaleFactor);

    Image scaled = image.getScaledInstance(scaleWidth, scaleHeight, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);

    int width = getWidth() - 1;
    int height = getHeight() - 1;

    int x = (width - scaled.getWidth(this)) / 2;
    int y = (height - scaled.getHeight(this)) / 2;

    g.drawImage(scaled, x, y, this);

}
于 2012-08-14T20:06:17.140 回答
4

尝试这样的事情：

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class SG2B2 {

    JFrame frame;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SG2B2 gui = new SG2B2();
        gui.createUI();
    }

    public void createUI() {
        frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        MyDrawPanel drawPanel = new MyDrawPanel();
        frame.getContentPane().add(BorderLayout.CENTER, drawPanel);
        frame.setSize(300, 400);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    class MyDrawPanel extends JPanel {

        Image image;
        private final String pic = "Logo.jpg";

        public MyDrawPanel() {
            image = new ImageIcon(pic).getImage();
            image = scaleImage(image);
        }

        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
            g2.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this);
        }

        private Image scaleImage(Image rawImage) {
            Image scaledImage = null;
            System.out.println("Scaling");
            try {
                int rawImageWidth = rawImage.getWidth(this);
                int rawImageHeight = rawImage.getHeight(this);
                int paneWidth = (int) getWidth();
                int paneHeight = (int) getHeight();
                System.out.println("Image W = " + rawImageWidth
                        + ", H = " + rawImageHeight
                        + "; Pane W = " + paneWidth
                        + ", H = " + paneHeight);
                // preserve the original ratio  
                float widthRatio = (float) rawImageWidth / (float) paneWidth;
                float heightRatio = (float) rawImageHeight / (float) paneHeight;
                int widthFactor = -1;
                int heightFactor = -1;
                if ((widthRatio > heightRatio) && (widthRatio > 1.0)) {
                    widthFactor = paneWidth;
                } else if ((heightRatio > widthRatio) && (heightRatio > 1.0)) {
                    heightFactor = paneHeight;
                }
                System.out.println("widthRatio = "
                        + String.format("%.3f", widthRatio)
                        + ", heightRatio = "
                        + String.format("%.3f", heightRatio));
                System.out.println("widthFactor = " + widthFactor
                        + ", heightFactor = " + heightFactor);
                if ((widthFactor < 0) && (heightFactor < 0)) {
                    scaledImage = rawImage;
                } else {
                    scaledImage = rawImage.getScaledInstance(widthFactor, heightFactor,
                            Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
                    // load the new image, 'getScaledInstance' loads asynchronously  
                    MediaTracker tracker = new MediaTracker(this);
                    tracker.addImage(scaledImage, 0);
                    tracker.waitForID(0);
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                System.err.println("load interrupt: " + ie.getMessage());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return (scaledImage);
        }
    }
}

最终将JPanel通过使用将图像缩放到 的大小getScaledInstance(int width, int height, ImageObserver io)

于 2012-08-14T20:05:12.887 回答
3

对于任何有兴趣通过 MadProgrammer 修改 PaintComponent 方法的人，如下所示可以更快地更新显示

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
            super.paintComponent(g);

            double scaleFactor = Math.min(1d, getScaleFactorToFit(new Dimension(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight()), getSize()));

            int scaleWidth = (int) Math.round(image.getWidth() * scaleFactor);
            int scaleHeight = (int) Math.round(image.getHeight() * scaleFactor);

            //Image scaled = image.getScaledInstance(scaleWidth, scaleHeight, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);

            int width = getWidth() - 1;
            int height = getHeight() - 1;

            int x = (width - scaleWidth) / 2;
            int y = (height - scaleHeight) / 2;

            g2d.drawImage(image, x, y, scaleWidth, scaleHeight, this);

        }
于 2014-02-14T11:56:21.133 回答
1

我想出了这个解决方案：

public class ImageLabel extends JPanel {

    private Image image = null;

    public void setImage(Image img) {
        image = img;
        repaint();
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);

        if (image != null) {

            int imgWidth, imgHeight;
            double contRatio = (double) getWidth() / (double) getHeight();
            double imgRatio =  (double) image.getWidth(this) / (double) image.getHeight(this);

            //width limited
            if(contRatio < imgRatio){
                imgWidth = getWidth();
                imgHeight = (int) (getWidth() / imgRatio);

            //height limited
            }else{
                imgWidth = (int) (getHeight() * imgRatio);
                imgHeight = getHeight();
            }

            //to center
            int x = (int) (((double) getWidth() / 2) - ((double) imgWidth / 2));
            int y = (int) (((double) getHeight()/ 2) - ((double) imgHeight / 2));

            g.drawImage(image, x, y, imgWidth, imgHeight, this);
        }
    }
}
于 2015-06-02T20:33:09.393 回答