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从实体框架中提取数据时，我遇到了包含问题。我昨天在这里发布了一个非常相似的问题，它与我将要使用的示例相同。我正在使用实体框架 v4.0。

我有以下简单模型，一个包含页面表单列表（~200）的表格。每个表单都有一个或多个字段（总共约 4000 个），每个字段可能有一些参数（总共约 16000 个）。

实体模型

我使用以下代码提取数据：

EntityConnection myConnection = new EntityConnection("name=myModel");

if(conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) {
    conn.Open();
}
ObjectContext context = new ObjectContext("name=myModel");
context.ContextOptions.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;

ObjectQuery<PageForm> myObjectSet = context.CreateObjectSet<PageForm>()
                                           .Include("FormFields.FormFieldParameters");

IQueryable<PageForm> myFilteredObjectSet = myObjectSet.Where(c => c.FormID == 1);

List<PageForm> myReturnValue = myFilteredObjectSet.toList();

生成以下sql查询

SELECT 
[Project1].[FormID] AS [FormID], 
[Project1].[FormName] AS [FormName], 
[Project1].[C2] AS [C1], 
[Project1].[FormID1] AS [FormID1], 
[Project1].[FieldID] AS [FieldID], 
[Project1].[FieldName] AS [FieldName], 
[Project1].[C1] AS [C2], 
[Project1].[FieldParamID] AS [FieldParamID], 
[Project1].[Value] AS [Value], 
[Project1].[FieldID1] AS [FieldID1]
FROM ( 
    SELECT 
    [Extent1].[FormID] AS [FormID], 
    [Extent1].[FormName] AS [FormName], 
    [Join1].[FieldID] AS [FieldID], 
    [Join1].[FieldName] AS [FieldName], 
    [Join1].[FormID] AS [FormID1], 
    [Join1].[FieldParamID] AS [FieldParamID], 
    [Join1].[Value] AS [Value], 
    [Join1].[FieldID1] AS [FieldID1], 
    CASE WHEN ([Join1].[FieldID] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) WHEN ([Join1].[FieldParamID] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE 1 END AS [C1], 
    CASE WHEN ([Join1].[FieldID] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE 1 END AS [C2]
    FROM  [dbo].[PageForm] AS [Extent1]
    LEFT OUTER JOIN (
        SELECT 
        [Extent2].[FieldID] AS [FieldID], 
        [Extent2].[FieldName] AS [FieldName], 
        [Extent2].[FormID] AS [FormID], 
        [Extent3].[FieldParamID] AS [FieldParamID], 
        [Extent3].[Value] AS [Value], 
        [Extent3].[FieldID] AS [FieldID1]
        FROM  [dbo].[FormField] AS [Extent2]
        LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[FormFieldParameter] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent2].[FieldID] = [Extent3].[FieldID] 
    ) AS [Join1] ON [Extent1].[FormID] = [Join1].[FormID]
    WHERE 1 = [Extent1].[FormID]
) AS [Project1]
ORDER BY [Project1].[FormID] ASC, [Project1].[C2] ASC, [Project1].[FieldID] ASC, [Project1].[C1] ASC

现在我对查询的这一部分感兴趣：

LEFT OUTER JOIN (
    SELECT 
    /**/
    FROM  [dbo].[FormField] AS [Extent2]
    LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[FormFieldParameter] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent2].[FieldID] = [Extent3].[FieldID] 
) AS [Join1] ON [Extent1].[FormID] = [Join1].[FormID]

这似乎查询了整个 FormField 和 FormFieldParameter 表，没有应用过滤。所以，我认为正在发生的是，使用.Include("FormField.FormFieldParameter")类似于说 - “并在结果查询中从这些表中返回所有数据”。我真正想要的是“只返回这些表中与过滤后的 PageForm 表相关的数据”。

有没有办法做到这一点？抱歉，如果这个问题听起来太简单，或者与我之前的问题相似，但我真的很难理解 Entity Framework 的内部结构。

编辑1：

如果我将上述示例更改为包含 where 子句的以下示例，则查询速度要快几个数量级（大约快 10 倍）。

LEFT OUTER JOIN (
    SELECT 
    /**/
    FROM  [dbo].[FormField] AS [Extent2]
    LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[FormFieldParameter] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent2].[FieldID] = [Extent3].[FieldID] 
    WHERE 1 = [Extent2].[FormID]
) AS [Join1] ON [Extent1].[FormID] = [Join1].[FormID]

编辑2：

更多信息。我发现如果我在初始查询中添加一些时髦的过滤，我可以强制运行更有效的查询。

IQueryable<PageForm> myFilteredObjectSet = myObjectSet
                                          .Where(c => c.FormID == 1)
                                          .Where(a => a.FormFields
                                                       .Where(c => c.FormFieldParameters
                                                                    .Any(d => d.FieldID == c.FieldID))
                                                       .Any(b => b.FormID == 1)
                                           );

这会导致查询正确过滤，并且运行得更快。但是，我确信这不是解决此问题的最佳方法，因为当您拥有多个 Include 时，嵌套的 Where/Any 语句很快就会变成一场噩梦。一定会有更好的办法？

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1 回答 1

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应用过滤 - 您的查询包含WHERE 1 = [Extent1].[FormID]. 它实际上只加载您请求的日期。数据库中的查询引擎将正确评估您的查询，并将使用一些优化技术来有效地过滤记录。

于 2012-07-31T12:47:10.700 回答