30

编码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
print type(ax)

给出输出

<class 'matplotlib.axes.AxesSubplot'>

然后代码

import matplotlib.axes
matplotlib.axes.AxesSubplot

引发异常

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'AxesSubplot'

总而言之,有一个类matplotlib.axes.AxesSubplot,但模块matplotlib.axes没有属性AxesSubplot。到底是怎么回事?

我正在使用 Matplotlib 1.1.0 和 Python 2.7.3。

4

2 回答 2

32

呵呵。那是因为没有AxesSubplot..直到需要一个,当一个从SubplotBase. 这是通过一些魔术完成的axes.py

def subplot_class_factory(axes_class=None):
    # This makes a new class that inherits from SubplotBase and the
    # given axes_class (which is assumed to be a subclass of Axes).
    # This is perhaps a little bit roundabout to make a new class on
    # the fly like this, but it means that a new Subplot class does
    # not have to be created for every type of Axes.
    if axes_class is None:
        axes_class = Axes

    new_class = _subplot_classes.get(axes_class)
    if new_class is None:
        new_class = new.classobj("%sSubplot" % (axes_class.__name__),
                                 (SubplotBase, axes_class),
                                 {'_axes_class': axes_class})
        _subplot_classes[axes_class] = new_class

    return new_class

所以它是即时制作的,但它是以下的子类SubplotBase

>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> fig = plt.figure()
>>> ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
>>> print type(ax)
<class 'matplotlib.axes.AxesSubplot'>
>>> b = type(ax)
>>> import matplotlib.axes
>>> issubclass(b, matplotlib.axes.SubplotBase)
True
于 2012-07-27T15:19:13.903 回答
1

另一种查看 DSM 所说内容的方法:

In [1]: from matplotlib import pyplot as plt                                                                                                                                                                       

In [2]: type(plt.gca()).__mro__                                                                                                                                                                                    
Out[2]: 
(matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot,
 matplotlib.axes._subplots.SubplotBase,
 matplotlib.axes._axes.Axes,
 matplotlib.axes._base._AxesBase,
 matplotlib.artist.Artist,
 object)

使用 dunder方法解析顺序,您可以找到某个类的所有继承。

于 2019-11-16T18:10:12.347 回答