我正在学习 Java 中的套接字编程。我已经看到客户端/服务器应用程序示例，其中一些 usingDataOutputStream和一些 using ObjectOutputStream。
两者有什么区别？
有性能差异吗？
问问题
23639 次
4 回答
30
DataInput/OutputStream 通常表现更好，因为它更简单。它只能读/写原始类型和字符串。
ObjectInput/OutputStream 可以读/写任何对象类型以及原语。如果您想发送复杂的数据，它的效率较低但更易于使用。
我会假设 Object*Stream 是最佳选择，直到您知道它的性能是一个问题。
于 2012-07-17T11:01:02.823 回答
11
这可能对几年后仍在寻找答案的人有用......根据我在最近的 JVM (1.8_51) 上的测试，这比读取/写入大量 double 数组ObjectOutput/InputStream快了近 2 倍！DataOutput/InputStream
下面是写入 1000 万个项目数组的结果（对于 100 万个结果基本相同）。为了完整起见，我还包括了文本格式（BufferedWriter/Reader）：
TestObjectStream written 10000000 items, took: 409ms, or 24449.8778 items/ms, filesize 80390629b
TestDataStream written 10000000 items, took: 727ms, or 13755.1582 items/ms, filesize 80000000b
TestBufferedWriter written 10000000 items, took: 13700ms, or 729.9270 items/ms, filesize 224486395b
阅读：
TestObjectStream read 10000000 items, took: 250ms, or 40000.0000 items/ms, filesize 80390629b
TestDataStream read 10000000 items, took: 424ms, or 23584.9057 items/ms, filesize 80000000b
TestBufferedWriter read 10000000 items, took: 6298ms, or 1587.8057 items/ms, filesize 224486395b
我相信 OracleObjectStream在最近的 Java 版本中已经为使用 s 对 JVM 进行了大量优化，因为这是写入/读取数据（包括序列化）的最常见方式，因此位于 Java 性能关键路径上。
所以看起来今天没有太多理由再使用DataStreams 了。“不要试图智取 JVM”，用最直接的方式，就是ObjectStreams :)
这是测试的代码：
class Generator {
private int seed = 1235436537;
double generate(int i) {
seed = (seed + 1235436537) % 936855463;
return seed / (i + 1.) / 524323.;
}
}
class Data {
public final double[] array;
public Data(final double[] array) {
this.array = array;
}
}
class TestObjectStream {
public void write(File dest, Data data) {
try (ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(dest)))) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.array.length; i++) {
out.writeDouble(data.array[i]);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeIoException(e);
}
}
public void read(File dest, Data data) {
try (ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(dest)))) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.array.length; i++) {
data.array[i] = in.readDouble();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeIoException(e);
}
}
}
class TestDataStream {
public void write(File dest, Data data) {
try (DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(dest)))) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.array.length; i++) {
out.writeDouble(data.array[i]);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeIoException(e);
}
}
public void read(File dest, Data data) {
try (DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(dest)))) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.array.length; i++) {
data.array[i] = in.readDouble();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeIoException(e);
}
}
}
class TestBufferedWriter {
public void write(File dest, Data data) {
try (BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(dest))) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.array.length; i++) {
out.write(Double.toString(data.array[i]));
out.newLine();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeIoException(e);
}
}
public void read(File dest, Data data) {
try (BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(dest))) {
String line = in.readLine();
int i = 0;
while (line != null) {
if(!line.isEmpty()) {
data.array[i++] = Double.parseDouble(line);
}
line = in.readLine();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeIoException(e);
}
}
}
@Test
public void testWrite() throws Exception {
int N = 10000000;
double[] array = new double[N];
Generator gen = new Generator();
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
array[i] = gen.generate(i);
}
Data data = new Data(array);
Map<Class, BiConsumer<File, Data>> subjects = new LinkedHashMap<>();
subjects.put(TestDataStream.class, new TestDataStream()::write);
subjects.put(TestObjectStream.class, new TestObjectStream()::write);
subjects.put(TestBufferedWriter.class, new TestBufferedWriter()::write);
subjects.forEach((aClass, fileDataBiConsumer) -> {
File f = new File("test." + aClass.getName());
long start = System.nanoTime();
fileDataBiConsumer.accept(f, data);
long took = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - start);
System.out.println(aClass.getSimpleName() + " written " + N + " items, took: " + took + "ms, or " + String.format("%.4f", (N / (double)took)) + " items/ms, filesize " + f.length() + "b");
});
}
@Test
public void testRead() throws Exception {
int N = 10000000;
double[] array = new double[N];
Data data = new Data(array);
Map<Class, BiConsumer<File, Data>> subjects = new LinkedHashMap<>();
subjects.put(TestDataStream.class, new TestDataStream()::read);
subjects.put(TestObjectStream.class, new TestObjectStream()::read);
subjects.put(TestBufferedWriter.class, new TestBufferedWriter()::read);
subjects.forEach((aClass, fileDataBiConsumer) -> {
File f = new File("test." + aClass.getName());
long start = System.nanoTime();
fileDataBiConsumer.accept(f, data);
long took = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - start);
System.out.println(aClass.getSimpleName() + " read " + N + " items, took: " + took + "ms, or " + String.format("%.4f", (N / (double)took)) + " items/ms, filesize " + f.length() + "b");
});
}
于 2015-11-17T09:47:57.163 回答
7
DataOutputStreamand ObjectOutputStream: 在处理基本类型时，除了创建的标头之外没有区别ObjectOutputStream。
使用ObjectOutputStream该类，实现的类的实例Serializable可以写入输出流，并且可以使用ObjectInputStream.
DataOutputStream只能处理基本类型。
于 2012-07-17T11:01:10.920 回答