8

虽然当 UDH不存在时我可以成功地对 SMS 消息的用户数据部分进行编码和解码,但是当 UDH存在时(在这种情况下,对于串联的 SMS)我会遇到麻烦。

当我对用户数据进行解码或编码时,是否需要先将 UDH 添加到文本中?

本文提供了一个编码例程示例,该示例使用填充位(我仍然不完全理解)补偿 UDH,但它没有给出传递给例程的数据示例,因此我没有明确的用例(我在网站上找不到解码样本):http: //mobiletidings.com/2009/07/06/how-to-pack-gsm7-into-septets/

到目前为止,如果我在解码之前将 UDH 预先添加到用户数据中,我已经能够得到一些结果,但我怀疑这只是一个巧合。

例如(使用来自https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concatenated_SMS的值):

UDH := '050003000302';
ENCODED_USER_DATA_PART := 'D06536FB0DBABFE56C32'; // with padding, evidently
DecodedUserData := Decode7Bit(UDH + ENCODED_USER_DATA_PART);
Writeln(DecodedUserData);

输出:“ß@ø¿Æ @hello world”

EncodedUserData := Encode7Bit(DecodedUserData);
DecodedUserData := Decode7Bit(EncodedEncodedUserData);
Writeln(DecodedUserData);

相同的输出:“ß@ø¿Æ @hello world”

如果没有预先设置 UDH,我会得到垃圾:

DecodedUserData := Decode7Bit(ENCODED_USER_DATA_PART);
Writeln(DecodedUserData);

输出:“PKYY§An§eYI”

处理这个的正确方法是什么?

在对用户数据进行编码时,我是否应该在文本中包含 UDH?

我应该在解码后去掉垃圾字符,还是我(正如我怀疑的那样)完全不符合这个假设?

虽然这里的解码算法似乎在没有 UDH 的情况下工作,但它似乎没有考虑任何 UDH 信息: 寻找 GSM 7bit encode/decode algorithm

如果有人能让我正确地继续前进,我将永远感激不尽。任何清晰的示例/代码示例将不胜感激。;-)

我还将提供一个包含算法的小型示例应用程序,如果有人认为它有助于解决这个谜题。

编辑1:

我正在使用 Delphi XE2 Update 4 Hotfix 1

编辑2:

感谢@whosrdaddy 的帮助,我能够成功地让我的编码/解码例程工作。

作为旁注,我很好奇为什么当 UDH 没有用它编码时用户数据需要在 7 位边界上,但是@whosrdaddy 引用的 ETSI 规范段落中的最后一句话回答说:

如果使用 7 位数据并且 TP-UD-Header 没有在 septet 边界上结束,则在最后一个 Information Element Data 八位字节之后插入填充位,以便整个 TP-UD 标头有整数个 septets。这是为了确保 SM 本身在八位字节边界上开始,以便较早的相位移动将能够显示 SM 本身,尽管可能无法理解 TP-UD 字段中的 TP-UD Header

我的代码部分基于以下资源中的示例:

寻找 GSM 7bit 编码/解码算法

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concatenated_SMS

http://mobiletidings.com/2009/02/18/combining-sms-messages/

http://mobiletidings.com/2009/07/06/how-to-pack-gsm7-into-septets/

http://mobileforensics.files.wordpress.com/2007/06/understanding_sms.pdf

http://www.dreamfabric.com/sms/

http://www.mediaburst.co.uk/blog/concatenated-sms/

这是其他在 SMS 编码/解码方面遇到问题的人的代码。我确信它可以被简化/优化(欢迎评论),但我已经成功地使用了几种不同的排列和 UDH 标头长度对其进行了测试。我希望它有所帮助。

unit SmsUtils;

interface

uses Windows, Classes, Math;

function Encode7Bit(const AText: string; AUdhLen: Byte;
  out ATextLen: Byte): string;

function Decode7Bit(const APduData: string; AUdhLen: Integer): string;

implementation

var
  g7BitToAsciiTable: array [0 .. 127] of Byte;
  gAsciiTo7BitTable: array [0 .. 255] of Byte;

procedure InitializeTables;
var
  AsciiValue: Integer;
  i: Integer;
begin
  // create 7-bit to ascii table
  g7BitToAsciiTable[0] := 64; // @
  g7BitToAsciiTable[1] := 163;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[2] := 36;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[3] := 165;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[4] := 232;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[5] := 223;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[6] := 249;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[7] := 236;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[8] := 242;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[9] := 199;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[10] := 10;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[11] := 216;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[12] := 248;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[13] := 13;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[14] := 197;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[15] := 229;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[16] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[17] := 95;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[18] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[19] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[20] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[21] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[22] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[23] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[24] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[25] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[26] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[27] := 0;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[28] := 198;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[29] := 230;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[30] := 223;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[31] := 201;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[32] := 32;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[33] := 33;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[34] := 34;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[35] := 35;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[36] := 164;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[37] := 37;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[38] := 38;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[39] := 39;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[40] := 40;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[41] := 41;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[42] := 42;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[43] := 43;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[44] := 44;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[45] := 45;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[46] := 46;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[47] := 47;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[48] := 48;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[49] := 49;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[50] := 50;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[51] := 51;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[52] := 52;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[53] := 53;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[54] := 54;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[55] := 55;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[56] := 56;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[57] := 57;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[58] := 58;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[59] := 59;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[60] := 60;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[61] := 61;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[62] := 62;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[63] := 63;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[64] := 161;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[65] := 65;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[66] := 66;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[67] := 67;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[68] := 68;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[69] := 69;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[70] := 70;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[71] := 71;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[72] := 72;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[73] := 73;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[74] := 74;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[75] := 75;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[76] := 76;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[77] := 77;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[78] := 78;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[79] := 79;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[80] := 80;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[81] := 81;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[82] := 82;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[83] := 83;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[84] := 84;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[85] := 85;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[86] := 86;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[87] := 87;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[88] := 88;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[89] := 89;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[90] := 90;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[91] := 196;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[92] := 204;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[93] := 209;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[94] := 220;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[95] := 167;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[96] := 191;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[97] := 97;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[98] := 98;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[99] := 99;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[100] := 100;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[101] := 101;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[102] := 102;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[103] := 103;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[104] := 104;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[105] := 105;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[106] := 106;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[107] := 107;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[108] := 108;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[109] := 109;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[110] := 110;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[111] := 111;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[112] := 112;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[113] := 113;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[114] := 114;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[115] := 115;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[116] := 116;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[117] := 117;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[118] := 118;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[119] := 119;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[120] := 120;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[121] := 121;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[122] := 122;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[123] := 228;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[124] := 246;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[125] := 241;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[126] := 252;
  g7BitToAsciiTable[127] := 224;

  // create ascii to 7-bit table
  ZeroMemory(@gAsciiTo7BitTable, SizeOf(gAsciiTo7BitTable));
  for i := 0 to High(g7BitToAsciiTable) do
  begin
    AsciiValue := g7BitToAsciiTable[i];
    gAsciiTo7BitTable[AsciiValue] := i;
  end;
end;

function ConvertAsciiTo7Bit(const AText: string; AUdhLen: Byte): AnsiString;
const
  ESC = #27;
  ESCAPED_ASCII_CODES = [#94, #123, #125, #92, #91, #126, #93, #124, #164];
var
  Septet: Byte;
  Ch: AnsiChar;
  i: Integer;
begin
  for i := 1 to Length(AText) do
  begin
    Ch := AnsiChar(AText[i]);
    if not(Ch in ESCAPED_ASCII_CODES) then
      Septet := gAsciiTo7BitTable[Byte(Ch)]
    else
    begin
      Result := Result + ESC;
      case (Ch) of
        #12: Septet := 10;
        #94: Septet := 20;
        #123: Septet := 40;
        #125: Septet := 41;
        #92: Septet := 47;
        #91: Septet := 60;
        #126: Septet := 61;
        #93: Septet := 62;
        #124: Septet := 64;
        #164: Septet := 101;
      else Septet := 0;
      end;
    end;
    Result := Result + AnsiChar(Septet);
  end;
end;

function Convert7BitToAscii(const AText: AnsiString): string;
const
  ESC = #27;
var
  TextLen: Integer;
  Ch: Char;
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  TextLen := Length(AText);
  i := 1;
  while (i <= TextLen) do
  begin
    Ch := Char(AText[i]);
    if (Ch <> ESC) then
      Result := Result + Char(g7BitToAsciiTable[Ord(Ch)])
    else
    begin
      Inc(i); // skip ESC
      if (i <= TextLen) then
      begin
        Ch := Char(AText[i]);
        case (Ch) of
          #10: Ch := #12;
          #20: Ch := #94;
          #40: Ch := #123;
          #41: Ch := #125;
          #47: Ch := #92;
          #60: Ch := #91;
          #61: Ch := #126;
          #62: Ch := #93;
          #64: Ch := #124;
          #101: Ch := #164;
        end;
        Result := Result + Ch;
      end;
    end;
    Inc(i);
  end;
end;

function StrToHex(const AText: AnsiString): AnsiString; overload;
var
  TextLen: Integer;
begin
  // set the text buffer size
  TextLen := Length(AText);
  // set the length of the result to double the string length
  SetLength(Result, TextLen * 2);
  // convert the string to hex
  BinToHex(PAnsiChar(AText), PAnsiChar(Result), TextLen);
end;

function StrToHex(const AText: string): string; overload;
begin
  Result := string(StrToHex(AnsiString(AText)));
end;

function HexToStr(const AText: AnsiString): AnsiString; overload;
var
  ResultLen: Integer;
begin
  // set the length of the result to half the Text length
  ResultLen := Length(AText) div 2;
  SetLength(Result, ResultLen);
  // convert the hex back into a string
  if (HexToBin(PAnsiChar(AText), PAnsiChar(Result), ResultLen) <> ResultLen) then
    Result := 'Error Converting Hex To String: ' + AText;
end;

function HexToStr(const AText: string): string; overload;
begin
  Result := string(HexToStr(AnsiString(AText)));
end;

function Encode7Bit(const AText: string; AUdhLen: Byte;
  out ATextLen: Byte): string;
// AText: Ascii text
// AUdhLen: Length of UDH including UDH Len byte (e.g. '050003CC0101' = 6 bytes)
// ATextLen: returns length of text that was encoded.  This can be different
// than Length(AText) due to escape characters
// Returns text as encoded PDU hex string
var
  Text7Bit: AnsiString;
  Pdu: AnsiString;
  PduIdx: Integer;
  PduLen: Byte;
  PaddingBits: Byte;
  BitsToMove: Byte;
  Septet: Byte;
  Octet: Byte;
  PrevOctet: Byte;
  ShiftedOctet: Byte;
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  Text7Bit := ConvertAsciiTo7Bit(AText, AUdhLen);
  ATextLen := Length(Text7Bit);
  BitsToMove := 0;
  // determine how many padding bits needed based on the UDH
  if (AUdhLen > 0) then
    PaddingBits := 7 - ((AUdhLen * 8) mod 7)
  else
    PaddingBits := 0;
  // calculate the number of bytes needed to store the 7-bit text
  // along with any padding bits that are required
  PduLen := Ceil(((ATextLen * 7) + PaddingBits) / 8);
  // reserve space for the PDU bytes
  Pdu := AnsiString(StringOfChar(#0, PduLen));
  PduIdx := 1;
  for i := 1 to ATextLen do
  begin
    if (BitsToMove = 7) then
      BitsToMove := 0
    else
    begin
      // convert the current character to a septet (7-bits) and make room for
      // the bits from the next one
      Septet := (Byte(Text7Bit[i]) shr BitsToMove);
      if (i = ATextLen) then
        Octet := Septet
      else
      begin
        // convert the next character to a septet and copy the bits from it
        // to the octet (PDU byte)
        Octet := Septet or
          Byte((Byte(Text7Bit[i + 1]) shl Byte(7 - BitsToMove)));
      end;
      Byte(Pdu[PduIdx]) := Octet;
      Inc(PduIdx);
      Inc(BitsToMove);
    end;
  end;
  // The following code pads the pdu on the *right* by shifting it to the *left*
  // by <PaddingBits>. It does this by using the same bit storage convention as
  // the 7-bit compression routine above, by taking the most significant
  // <PaddingBits> from each PDU byte and moving them to the least significant
  // bits of the next PDU byte. If there is no room in the last PDU byte for the
  // high bits of the previous byte that were removed, then those bits are
  // placed into an additional byte reserved for this purpose.
  // Note: <PduLen> has already been set to account for the reserved byte if
  // it is required.
  if (PaddingBits > 0) then
  begin
    SetLength(Result, (PduLen * 2));
    PrevOctet := 0;
    for PduIdx := 1 to PduLen do
    begin
      Octet := Byte(Pdu[PduIdx]);
      if (PduIdx = 1) then
        ShiftedOctet := Byte(Octet shl PaddingBits)
      else
        ShiftedOctet := Byte(Octet shl PaddingBits) or
          Byte(PrevOctet shr (8 - PaddingBits));
      Byte(Pdu[PduIdx]) := ShiftedOctet;
      PrevOctet := Octet;
    end;
  end;
  Result := string(StrToHex(Pdu));
end;

function Decode7Bit(const APduData: string; AUdhLen: Integer): string;
// APduData: Hex string representation of PDU data
// AUdhLen: Length of UDH including UDH Len (e.g. '050003CC0101' = 6 bytes)
// Returns decoded Ascii text
var
  Pdu: AnsiString;
  NumSeptets: Byte;
  Septets: AnsiString;
  PduIdx: Integer;
  PduLen: Integer;
  by: Byte;
  currBy: Byte;
  left: Byte;
  mask: Byte;
  nextBy: Byte;
  Octet: Byte;
  NextOctet: Byte;
  PaddingBits: Byte;
  ShiftedOctet: Byte;
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  PaddingBits := 0;
  // convert hex string to bytes
  Pdu := AnsiString(HexToStr(APduData));
  PduLen := Length(Pdu);
  // The following code removes padding at the end of the PDU by shifting it
  // *right* by <PaddingBits>. It does this by taking the least significant
  // <PaddingBits> from the following PDU byte and moving them to the most
  // significant the current PDU byte.
  if (AUdhLen > 0) then
  begin
    PaddingBits := 7 - ((AUdhLen * 8) mod 7);
    for PduIdx := 1 to PduLen do
    begin
      Octet := Byte(Pdu[PduIdx]);
      if (PduIdx = PduLen) then
        ShiftedOctet := Byte(Octet shr PaddingBits)
      else
      begin
        NextOctet := Byte(Pdu[PduIdx + 1]);
        ShiftedOctet := Byte(Octet shr PaddingBits) or
          Byte(NextOctet shl (8 - PaddingBits));
      end;
      Byte(Pdu[PduIdx]) := ShiftedOctet;
    end;
  end;
  // decode
  // number of septets in PDU after excluding the padding bits
  NumSeptets := ((PduLen * 8) - PaddingBits) div 7;
  Septets := AnsiString(StringOfChar(#0, NumSeptets));
  left := 7;
  mask := $7F;
  nextBy := 0;
  PduIdx := 1;
  for i := 1 to NumSeptets do
  begin
    if mask = 0 then
    begin
      Septets[i] := AnsiChar(nextBy);
      left := 7;
      mask := $7F;
      nextBy := 0;
    end
    else
    begin
      if (PduIdx > PduLen) then
        Break;
      by := Byte(Pdu[PduIdx]);
      Inc(PduIdx);
      currBy := ((by AND mask) SHL (7 - left)) OR nextBy;
      nextBy := (by AND (NOT mask)) SHR left;
      Septets[i] := AnsiChar(currBy);
      mask := mask SHR 1;
      left := left - 1;
    end;
  end; // for
  // remove last character if unused
  // this is kind of a hack, but frankly I don't know how else to compensate
  // for it.
  if (Septets[NumSeptets] = #0) then
    SetLength(Septets, NumSeptets - 1);
  // convert 7-bit alphabet to ascii
  Result := Convert7BitToAscii(Septets);
end;

initialization
  InitializeTables;
end.
4

2 回答 2

7

不,您在编码时不包括 UDH 部分,但是如果您阅读了第 57 页的GSM 第 2 阶段规范,他们提到了这个事实:“如果使用 7 位数据并且 TP-UD-Header 没有在 septet 上完成边界然后填充位被插入到最后一个信息元素数据八位字节之后,以便整个 TP-UD 报头有整数个七位字节”。当您包含 UDH 部分时,情况并非如此,因此您需要做的就是计算偏移量(= 填充位数)

计算偏移量,此代码假定 UDHPart 是 AnsiString:

Len := Length(UDHPart) shr 1;
Offset := 7 - ((Len * 8) mod 7);  // fill bits

现在在对 7 位数据进行编码时,您可以正常进行,但最后,您将数据偏移位向左移动,此代码在变量结果(ansistring)中包含编码数据:

 // fill bits
 if Offset > 0 then
  begin
   v := Result;
   Len := Length(v);
   BytesRemain := ceil(((Len * 7)+Offset) / 8);       
   Result := StringOfChar(#0, BytesRemain);
   for InPos := 1 to BytesRemain do
    begin
     if InPos = 1 then
      Byte(Result[InPos]) := Byte(v[InPos]) shl offset
     else
      Byte(Result[InPos]) := (Byte(v[InPos]) shl offset) or (Byte(v[InPos-1]) shr (8 - offset));
    end;
  end;

解码实际上是一回事,您首先在解码之前将 7 位数据偏移位向右移动...

我希望这会让你走上正确的轨道......

于 2012-07-15T08:36:04.623 回答
2

在您的情况下,数据是 D06536FB0DBABFE56C32

获取第一个字符是 D0 => h(前 7 位,第 8 位不使用)

其余为 6536FB0DBABFE56C32

在斌

(01100101)0011011011111011000011011011101010111111111001010110110000110010

从右向左移动。=> 每个右 7 位是一个字符!

001100100110110011100101101111111011101000001101111 1101100 110110(0 1100101)

我向左移动 7。你可以从上面得到字符串。但我这样做是为了方便展示:D

(1100101)(1101100)(1101100)(1101111)(0100000)(1110111)(1101111)(1110010)(1101100)(1100100)00

字符串是“hello world”

结合第一个字符你得到“你好世界”

于 2014-12-24T04:31:55.147 回答