简短的介绍
我必须在 AIX 上运行 Ghostscript。它在命令行中工作：
XXXXXXXX:i2zate:/home/i2zate>/usr/bin/gs -dFIXEDMEDIA -dPDFFitPage -dFirstPage=1 -dLastPage=1 -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dSAFER -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=0 -dDEVICEWIDTH=90 -dDEVICEHEIGHT=120 -dORIENT1=true -sDEVICE=jpeg -dTextAlphaBits=4 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4 -sOutputFile=1.jpg porsche.pdf
GPL Ghostscript 8.70 (2009-07-31)
Copyright (C) 2009 Artifex Software, Inc. All rights reserved.
This software comes with NO WARRANTY: see the file PUBLIC for details.
Processing pages 1 through 1.
Page 1
如果我从 Java 运行相同的程序，它会显示一个错误：
ERROR: exec(): 0509-036 Cannot load program /usr/bin/gs because of the following errors:
ERROR: 0509-022 Cannot load module /usr/lib/libcairo.a(libcairo.so.2).
ERROR: 0509-150 Dependent module /usr/lib/libXrender.a(libXrender.so.1) could not be loaded.
ERROR: 0509-152 Member libXrender.so.1 is not found in archive
ERROR: 0509-022 Cannot load module gs.
ERROR: 0509-150 Dependent module /usr/lib/libcairo.a(libcairo.so.2) could not be loaded.
ERROR: 0509-022 Cannot load module .
我不明白，为什么会这样。你有什么主意吗？您可以在下面找到一些环境信息。如果你需要别的东西，请告诉我。
更深入的信息
我使用的java代码：
package biz;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
public class DummyCaller {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
printSystemProperties();
System.out.println();
printEnvironment();
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec( args );
new StreamReader("OUT ", process.getInputStream() ).start();
new StreamReader("ERROR", process.getErrorStream() ).start();
process.waitFor();
}
private static void printSystemProperties() {
System.out.println( "System.getProperties(): " );
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
for (Object key : System.getProperties().keySet()) {
keys.add( (String) key );
}
Collections.sort(keys);
for (Object key : keys ) {
System.out.println( "" + key + "=" + System.getProperty((String) key) );
}
}
private static void printEnvironment() {
System.out.println( "System.getEnv(): " );
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
keys.addAll(System.getenv().keySet());
Collections.sort(keys);
for (Object key : keys ) {
System.out.println( "" + key + "=" + System.getenv().get( key) );
}
}
public static class StreamReader extends Thread {
private BufferedReader br;
private String streamName;
public StreamReader(String streamName, InputStream is ) {
super();
this.streamName = streamName;
br = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(is));
}
@Override
public void run() {
String line = null;
try {
while ( (line = br.readLine() ) != null ) {
System.out.println( streamName + ": " + line );
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
java程序的完整输出（一些不相关的敏感信息XXXX-ed）：
XXXXXXXHOST:i2zate:/home/i2zate>java -cp . biz.DummyCaller /usr/bin/gs -dFIXEDMEDIA -dPDFFitPage -dFirstPage=1 -dLastPage=1 -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dSAFER -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=0 -dDEVICEWIDTH=90 -dDEVICEHEIGHT=120 -dORIENT1=true -sDEVICE=jpeg -dTextAlphaBits=4 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4 -sOutputFile=1.jpg porsche.pdf
System.getProperties():
com.ibm.cpu.endian=big
com.ibm.jcl.checkClassPath=
com.ibm.oti.configuration=scar
com.ibm.oti.jcl.build=20111101_1053
com.ibm.oti.shared.enabled=false
com.ibm.oti.vm.bootstrap.library.path=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/default:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64
com.ibm.oti.vm.library.version=24
com.ibm.util.extralibs.properties=
com.ibm.vm.bitmode=64
file.encoding=ISO8859-1
file.separator=/
ibm.signalhandling.rs=false
ibm.signalhandling.sigchain=true
ibm.signalhandling.sigint=true
ibm.system.encoding=ISO8859-1
java.assistive=ON
java.awt.fonts=
java.awt.graphicsenv=sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment
java.awt.printerjob=sun.print.PSPrinterJob
java.class.path=.
java.class.version=50.0
java.compiler=j9jit24
java.endorsed.dirs=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/endorsed
java.ext.dirs=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ext
java.fullversion=JRE 1.6.0 IBM J9 2.4 AIX ppc64-64 jvmap6460sr10-20111207_96808 (JIT enabled, AOT enabled)
J9VM - 20111207_096808
JIT - r9_20111107_21307ifx1
GC - 20110519_AA
java.home=/usr/java6_64/jre
java.io.tmpdir=/tmp/
java.jcl.version=20111104_02
java.library.path=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/default:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/default:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/j9vm:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64:/usr/java6_64/jre/../lib/ppc64:/usr/lib:/usr/lib
java.runtime.name=Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment
java.runtime.version=pap6460sr10-20111208_01 (SR10)
java.specification.name=Java Platform API Specification
java.specification.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.
java.specification.version=1.6
java.util.prefs.PreferencesFactory=java.util.prefs.FileSystemPreferencesFactory
java.vendor=IBM Corporation
java.vendor.url=http://www.ibm.com/
java.version=1.6.0
java.vm.info=JRE 1.6.0 IBM J9 2.4 AIX ppc64-64 jvmap6460sr10-20111207_96808 (JIT enabled, AOT enabled)
J9VM - 20111207_096808
JIT - r9_20111107_21307ifx1
GC - 20110519_AA
java.vm.name=IBM J9 VM
java.vm.specification.name=Java Virtual Machine Specification
java.vm.specification.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.
java.vm.specification.version=1.0
java.vm.vendor=IBM Corporation
java.vm.version=2.4
jxe.current.romimage.version=15
jxe.lowest.romimage.version=15
line.separator=
os.arch=ppc64
os.encoding=ISO8859-1
os.name=AIX
os.version=6.1
path.separator=:
sun.arch.data.model=64
sun.boot.class.path=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/default/jclSC160/vm.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/annotation.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/beans.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/java.util.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/jndi.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/logging.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/security.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/sql.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmorb.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmorbapi.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmcfw.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/rt.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/resources.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmpkcs.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmcertpathfw.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmjgssfw.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmjssefw.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmsaslfw.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmjcefw.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmjgssprovider.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmjsseprovider2.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmcertpathprovider.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ibmxmlcrypto.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/management-agent.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/xml.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/jlm.jar:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/javascript.jar
sun.boot.library.path=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/default:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64
sun.cpu.endian=big
sun.io.unicode.encoding=UnicodeBig
sun.java.command=biz.DummyCaller /usr/bin/gs -dFIXEDMEDIA -dPDFFitPage -dFirstPage=1 -dLastPage=1 -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dSAFER -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=0 -dDEVICEWIDTH=90 -dDEVICEHEIGHT=120 -dORIENT1=true -sDEVICE=jpeg -dTextAlphaBits=4 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4 -sOutputFile=1.jpg porsche.pdf
sun.java.launcher=SUN_STANDARD
sun.java2d.fontpath=
sun.jnu.encoding=ISO8859-1
user.country=US
user.dir=/home/i2zate
user.home=/home/i2zate
user.language=en
user.name=i2zate
user.timezone=
user.variant=
System.getEnv():
AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S
AUTHSTATE=compat
AWK=/usr/bin/awk
A__z=! LOGNAME
BAR_BSALIB_PATH=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/api/bin/xbsa.o
CORE_MMAP=yes
CSP_HOME=/opt/csp/at/test
DSMI_CONFIG=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/api/bin/dsm.opt
DSMI_DIR=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/api/bin
DSMI_INF_DIR=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/informix/bin
DSMI_LOG=/var/opt/RRZ/log
DSMI_ORC_CONFIG=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/oracle/bin/dsm.opt
DSMO_DEBUG=/var/opt/RRZ/log/orcagent.log
DSMO_NODE=XXXXXXXX_ORA
DSM_CONFIG=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin/dsm.opt
DSM_DIR=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin
DSM_LOG=/var/opt/RRZ/log
EDITOR=vi
HOME=/home/i2zate
HOST=XXXXXXXXX
IBM_JAVA_COMMAND_LINE=java -cp . biz.DummyCaller /usr/bin/gs -dFIXEDMEDIA -dPDFFitPage -dFirstPage=1 -dLastPage=1 -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOPROMPT -dSAFER -dMaxBitmap=500000000 -dAlignToPixels=0 -dGridFitTT=0 -dDEVICEWIDTH=90 -dDEVICEHEIGHT=120 -dORIENT1=true -sDEVICE=jpeg -dTextAlphaBits=4 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4 -sOutputFile=1.jpg porsche.pdf
IBM_JVM_AIXTHREAD_SCOPE_NEW_VALUE=S
IBM_JVM_CHANGED_ENVVARS_3211296=AIXTHREAD_SCOPE,NULLPTR,CORE_MMAP
IBM_JVM_CORE_MMAP_NEW_VALUE=yes
IBM_JVM_NULLPTR_NEW_VALUE=NOSEGV
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java6_64/jre
JOBS=/opt/RRZ/AIX
LANG=en_US
LC_CTYPE=C
LC__FASTMSG=true
LIBPATH=/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64/j9vm:/usr/java6_64/jre/lib/ppc64:/usr/java6_64/jre/../lib/ppc64:/usr/lib
LOCPATH=/usr/lib/nls/loc
LOGIN=i2zate
LOGNAME=i2zate
LOGS=/var/opt/RRZ/log
MAIL=/usr/spool/mail/i2zate
MAILMSG=[YOU HAVE NEW MAIL]
NLSPATH=/usr/lib/nls/msg/%L/%N:/usr/lib/nls/msg/%L/%N.cat
NUI_NOCHECKSUM=1
NUI_NOTESDIR=/opt/lotus
NULLPTR=NOSEGV
ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos
PATH=/usr/java6_64/jre/bin:/usr/java6_64/jre/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:/home/i2zate/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.
PRINTER=XXXXXXXX
PROTS=/var/opt/RRZ/prots
PS1=$HOST:$USER:$PWD>
PWD=/home/i2zate
SHELL=/usr/bin/ksh
SHLVL=1
SPOC=/opt/RRZ/AIX/spoc
SPOCVER=6.1
SSH_CLIENT=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
SSH_CONNECTION=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/0
SYS=AIX
TAPE=/dev/rmt0
TERM=xterm
TSM=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin/
TZ=MET-1METDST,M3.5.0/2:00,M10.5.0/3:00
USER=i2zate
_=/usr/java6_64/jre/bin/java
ERROR: exec(): 0509-036 Cannot load program /usr/bin/gs because of the following errors:
ERROR: 0509-022 Cannot load module /usr/lib/libcairo.a(libcairo.so.2).
ERROR: 0509-150 Dependent module /usr/lib/libXrender.a(libXrender.so.1) could not be loaded.
ERROR: 0509-152 Member libXrender.so.1 is not found in archive
ERROR: 0509-022 Cannot load module gs.
ERROR: 0509-150 Dependent module /usr/lib/libcairo.a(libcairo.so.2) could not be loaded.
ERROR: 0509-022 Cannot load module .
来自同一命令行会话的环境信息：
XXXXXXXX:i2zate:/home/i2zate>set
AUTHSTATE=compat
AWK=/usr/bin/awk
A__z='! LOGNAME'
BAR_BSALIB_PATH=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/api/bin/xbsa.o
BASH=/usr/bin/bash
BASH_ARGC=()
BASH_ARGV=()
BASH_LINENO=()
BASH_SOURCE=()
BASH_VERSINFO=([0]="3" [1]="00" [2]="16" [3]="1" [4]="release" [5]="powerpc-ibm-aix5.1")
BASH_VERSION='3.00.16(1)-release'
COLUMNS=168
CSP_HOME=/opt/csp/at/test
DIRSTACK=()
DSMI_CONFIG=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/api/bin/dsm.opt
DSMI_DIR=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/api/bin
DSMI_INF_DIR=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/informix/bin
DSMI_LOG=/var/opt/RRZ/log
DSMI_ORC_CONFIG=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/oracle/bin/dsm.opt
DSMO_DEBUG=/var/opt/RRZ/log/orcagent.log
DSMO_NODE=XXXXXXXX_ORA
DSM_CONFIG=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin/dsm.opt
DSM_DIR=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin
DSM_LOG=/var/opt/RRZ/log
EDITOR=vi
EUID=623
GROUPS=()
HISTFILE=/home/i2zate/.bash_history
HISTFILESIZE=500
HISTSIZE=500
HOME=/home/i2zate
HOST=XXXXXXXX
HOSTNAME=XXXXXXXX
HOSTTYPE=powerpc
IFS=$' \t\n'
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java6_64/jre
JOBS=/opt/RRZ/AIX
LANG=en_US
LC_CTYPE=C
LC__FASTMSG=true
LINES=46
LOCPATH=/usr/lib/nls/loc
LOGIN=i2zate
LOGNAME=i2zate
LOGS=/var/opt/RRZ/log
MACHTYPE=powerpc-ibm-aix5.1
MAIL=/usr/spool/mail/i2zate
MAILCHECK=60
MAILMSG='[YOU HAVE NEW MAIL]'
NLSPATH=/usr/lib/nls/msg/%L/%N:/usr/lib/nls/msg/%L/%N.cat
NUI_NOCHECKSUM=1
NUI_NOTESDIR=/opt/lotus
ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos
OPTERR=1
OPTIND=1
OSTYPE=aix5.1
PATH=/usr/java6_64/jre/bin:/usr/java6_64/jre/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:/home/i2zate/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.
PIPESTATUS=([0]="0")
PPID=2556030
PRINTER=prrz056
PROTS=/var/opt/RRZ/prots
PS1='$HOST:$USER:$PWD>'
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '
PWD=/home/i2zate
SHELL=/usr/bin/ksh
SHELLOPTS=braceexpand:emacs:hashall:histexpand:history:interactive-comments:monitor
SHLVL=1
SPOC=/opt/RRZ/AIX/spoc
SPOCVER=6.1
SSH_CLIENT='XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'
SSH_CONNECTION='XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'
SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/0
SYS=AIX
TAPE=/dev/rmt0
TERM=xterm
TSM=/usr/tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin/
TZ=MET-1METDST,M3.5.0/2:00,M10.5.0/3:00
UID=623
USER=i2zate
_=porsche.pdf