大家好,我是 Visual C++ 中 Win32 API 编程的新手。我正在使用 Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 专业版。我对指针有点困惑。请注意,虽然我可能是 Windows 编程的新手,但我不是 C 或 C++ 的新手,因此我非常了解指针的概念。导致问题的指针与对话框中的日期和时间选择器控件有关。现在根据 msdn 文档,日期和时间选择器使用WM_NOTIFY消息与应用程序通信,消息中的LPARAM将是指向NMHDR结构的指针。那是-: '日期和时间选择器 (DTP) 控件在接收到用户输入或处理并对回调字段作出反应时发送通知代码。控件的父级以 WM_NOTIFY 消息的形式接收这些通知代码。
现在我可以通过在收到 WM_NOTIFY 消息时将 LPARAM 类型转换为 NMHDR 的指针来访问 NMHDR 结构。即:
case WM_NOTIFY:
if ((((NMHDR*)lparam)->idFrom == IDC_DATETIMEPICKER)&&
((NMHDR*)lparam)->code == DTN_DATETIMECHANGE)
{ LPNMDATETIMECHANGE lpChange=(LPNMDATETIMECHANGE)lparam;
DisplayTime(&(lpChange->st));
MessageBox(NULL,"wm_notify","test",MB_OK);
}
return TRUE;
但是看看这段代码的第四行。我将刚才转换为 NMHDR 结构的相同 lparam 转换为 NMDATETIMECHANGE 结构。
我的问题是这怎么可能?如何将单个参数转换为引用两个不同结构的两个不同指针?NMHDR 和 LPNMDATETIMECHANGE 结构是根本不同的结构。您可以在这里查看-:NMHDR和NMDATETIMECHANGE
这怎么可能?我知道可以将指针的值存储在具有不同数据类型的其他变量中,并在我们想要使用它时再次将其转换回来。但是怎么可能有一个指针指向两个不同的结构呢?我的意思是我不认为N MHDR和NMDATETIMECHANGE结构是内存中的同一个实体,那么单个指针如何同时引用它们?我希望他们有两个不同的内存地址?哦,请注意,这段代码已经过测试,它可以工作。我的源代码如下:
#include <Windows.h>
#include <CommCtrl.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(linker,"\"/manifestdependency:type='win32' \
name='Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls' version='6.0.0.0' \
processorArchitecture='x86' publicKeyToken='6595b64144ccf1df' language='*'\"")
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowFunc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
BOOL CALLBACK DialogFunc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
VOID InitOptions(HWND);
VOID DisplayTime(SYSTEMTIME*);
char szWinName[]="Timer Main Window";
HWND hDlg=NULL;
HINSTANCE hInst;
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hThisInst, HINSTANCE hPrevInst,
LPSTR lpszArgs, int nWinMode)
{
HWND hwnd;
MSG msg;
WNDCLASSEX wndclass;
wndclass.cbSize=sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wndclass.hInstance=hThisInst;
wndclass.lpszClassName=szWinName;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc=WindowFunc;
wndclass.style=0;
wndclass.hIcon=LoadIcon(hThisInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_ICON1));
wndclass.hIconSm=LoadIcon(hThisInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_ICON2));
wndclass.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
wndclass.lpszMenuName=NULL;
wndclass.cbClsExtra=0;
wndclass.cbWndExtra=0;
wndclass.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH) GetStockObject(LTGRAY_BRUSH);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wndclass)) return 0;
InitCommonControls();
hInst=hThisInst;
hwnd=CreateWindow(
szWinName,
"Auto Timer (Work in progress)",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,
NULL,
hThisInst,
NULL
);
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)>0)
{ if (!hDlg||!IsDialogMessage(hDlg,&msg))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowFunc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wparam,
LPARAM lparam)
{
switch(message){
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case WM_CREATE:
hDlg=CreateDialog(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_FORMVIEW),
hwnd,(DLGPROC)DialogFunc);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wparam,lparam);
}
return 0;
}
BOOL CALLBACK DialogFunc(HWND hwnd, UINT message,
WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam)
{
switch(message)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG:
SendMessage(hwnd,WM_SETICON, ICON_SMALL ,
(LPARAM)LoadIcon(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_ICON2)));
return TRUE;
case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC:
if (SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_GETCOUNT,0,0)<6)
{
InitOptions(hDlg);
}
return (INT_PTR)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
case WM_NOTIFY:
if ((((NMHDR*)lparam)->idFrom == IDC_DATETIMEPICKER)&&
((NMHDR*)lparam)->code == DTN_DATETIMECHANGE)
{ LPNMDATETIMECHANGE lpChange=(LPNMDATETIMECHANGE)lparam;
DisplayTime(&(lpChange->st));
MessageBox(NULL,"wm_notify","test",MB_OK);
}
return TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
switch LOWORD(wparam)
{ case IDC_BUTTON1:
/*
Button Code here.
*/
if (SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_RADIO5,BM_GETSTATE,0,0)==BST_CHECKED)
{ MessageBox(NULL,"radio5","test",MB_OK);
}
return TRUE;
case IDC_RADIO5:
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_COMBO),TRUE);
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_DATETIMEPICKER),FALSE);
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_DATETIMEPICKER1),FALSE);
return TRUE;
case IDC_RADIO6:
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_COMBO),FALSE);
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_DATETIMEPICKER),TRUE);
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_DATETIMEPICKER1),TRUE);
return TRUE;
default:
return FALSE;
}
case WM_CLOSE:
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
hDlg=NULL;
PostQuitMessage(0);
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
VOID InitOptions(HWND hDlg){
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)("1 minute"));
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)("5 minutes"));
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)("10 minutes"));
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)("20 minutes"));
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)("30 minutes"));
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)("1 hour"));
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_COMBO,CB_SETCURSEL,0,0);
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_RADIO5,BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_RADIO1,BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg,IDC_DATETIMEPICKER1,DTM_SETFORMAT,0,(LPARAM)"dd/MMM/yyyy");
EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hDlg,IDC_DATETIMEPICKER1),FALSE);
}
VOID DisplayTime(SYSTEMTIME *time)
{
char t[500];
sprintf_s(t,"Year=%d\n Month=%d\n Day=%d\n Hour=%d\n Minute=%d\n Seconds=%d\n",
time->wYear,time->wMonth,time->wDay,
time->wHour,time->wMinute,time->wSecond);
MessageBox(NULL,t,"Test",MB_OK);
}
我的资源脚本如下:
// Microsoft Visual C++ generated resource script.
//
#include "resource.h"
#define APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 2 resource.
//
#include "afxres.h"
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#undef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// English (U.S.) resources
#if !defined(AFX_RESOURCE_DLL) || defined(AFX_TARG_ENU)
#ifdef _WIN32
LANGUAGE LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US
#pragma code_page(1252)
#endif //_WIN32
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// TEXTINCLUDE
//
1 TEXTINCLUDE
BEGIN
"resource.h\0"
END
2 TEXTINCLUDE
BEGIN
"#include ""afxres.h""\r\n"
"\0"
END
3 TEXTINCLUDE
BEGIN
"\r\n"
"\0"
END
#endif // APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Dialog
//
IDD_FORMVIEW DIALOGEX 0, 0, 298, 178
STYLE DS_ABSALIGN | DS_SETFONT | DS_SETFOREGROUND | DS_CENTER | WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
EXSTYLE WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_NOACTIVATE
CAPTION "SR-Timer(Work in Progress)"
FONT 10, "Verdana", 400, 0, 0x0
BEGIN
GROUPBOX "Tasks",IDC_STATIC1,11,45,84,103,WS_GROUP,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "ShutDown",IDC_RADIO1,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,19,63,44,10,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "Restart",IDC_RADIO2,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,19,81,40,10,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "Stand By",IDC_RADIO3,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,19,114,46,10,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "Hibernate",IDC_RADIO4,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,19,130,48,10,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "Log Off",IDC_RADIO7,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,19,98,44,9,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
GROUPBOX "Timing",IDC_STATIC2,196,44,90,107,WS_GROUP,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "Pre-set Time",IDC_RADIO5,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,201,56,53,9,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
GROUPBOX "Presets",IDC_STATIC3,206,65,68,30,0,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "Specify Time",IDC_RADIO6,"Button",BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,201,97,54,9,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
GROUPBOX "Time",IDC_STATIC4,208,106,67,42,0,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "",IDC_DATETIMEPICKER,"SysDateTimePick32",DTS_RIGHTALIGN | DTS_UPDOWN | WS_DISABLED | WS_TABSTOP | 0x8,213,133,58,11,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
PUSHBUTTON "Schedule Task",IDC_BUTTON1,184,159,104,14,BS_CENTER,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
COMBOBOX IDC_COMBO,213,78,57,12,CBS_DROPDOWNLIST | WS_VSCROLL | WS_TABSTOP,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL "",IDC_DATETIMEPICKER1,"SysDateTimePick32",DTS_RIGHTALIGN | WS_TABSTOP,213,116,58,13,WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
CONTROL 118,IDC_STATIC,"Static",SS_BITMAP,0,0,299,178
END
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Icon
//
// Icon with lowest ID value placed first to ensure application icon
// remains consistent on all systems.
IDI_ICON1 ICON "Test.ico"
IDI_ICON2 ICON "small.ico"
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// DESIGNINFO
//
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
GUIDELINES DESIGNINFO
BEGIN
IDD_FORMVIEW, DIALOG
BEGIN
BOTTOMMARGIN, 177
END
END
#endif // APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Bitmap
//
IDB_BITMAP1 BITMAP "time_back.bmp"
#endif // English (U.S.) resources
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 3 resource.
//
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#endif // not APSTUDIO_INVOKED
我的资源标题如下:
//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ generated include file.
// Used by Timer.rc
//
#define IDD_FORMVIEW 101
#define IDI_ICON1 109
#define IDI_ICON2 110
#define IDB_BITMAP1 118
#define IDC_DATETIMEPICKER 1002
#define IDC_RADIO1 1003
#define IDC_RADIO2 1004
#define IDC_RADIO3 1005
#define IDC_RADIO4 1006
#define IDC_BUTTON1 1007
#define IDC_RADIO5 1011
#define IDC_RADIO6 1013
#define IDC_COMBO 1015
#define IDC_STATIC1 1017
#define IDC_STATIC2 1018
#define IDC_STATIC3 1022
#define IDC_STATIC4 1023
#define IDC_COMBO1 1024
#define IDC_DATETIMEPICKER1 1025
#define IDC_RADIO7 1026
// Next default values for new objects
//
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE 120
#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE 40001
#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE 1027
#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE 101
#endif
#endif
您可以制作自己的 VC++ 项目并进行测试,看看我说的是不是真的。如果您仍然不相信,请给我您的邮件 ID,我会将整个项目通过电子邮件发送给您。请我需要帮助,因为这是一个违背我在 C 语言中的指针基础的问题。谢谢。