java - 用于运行 Java 程序的 Microsoft Excel 宏

Question

在 Jxl 和 POI API 的帮助下，我学会了使用 Java 程序读写 Excel 文件。是否可以在宏的帮助下运行 Java 程序？

Answer 1

对的，这是可能的。

实际上有很多方法，我希望你喜欢我的例子。

为了证明这一点，我创建了一个程序，其中一些文本作为参数发送，程序以修改后的版本进行响应。我做了一个可运行的罐子。第一个示例从 args 读取参数，从标准输入读取其他参数。

文件Hello.java和H1.jar：

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Hello");
        
        if (args.length > 0) 
            sb.append(' ').append(args[0]);
        System.out.println(sb.append('.').toString());
    }
}

文件Hello2.java和H2.jar：

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Hello2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Hello");
        
        sb.append(' ').append(sc.nextLine());
        System.out.println(sb.append('.').toString());
    }
}

您可以将它们保存在一个 jar 中，但随后您需要创建和使用清单（这有点矫枉过正）。

现在在 Excel 中，我添加了一个模块和对 Windows 脚本宿主对象的引用。如果您不喜欢sleep，则可以将其替换为DoEvents：

'add a reference to Windows Script Host Object Model
'for example : Tools-References
Option Explicit
Private Declare Sub Sleep Lib "kernel32" (ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long)

Private Sub RunSleep( _
    exec As WshExec, _
    Optional timeSegment As Long = 20 _
)
    Do While exec.Status = WshRunning
        Sleep timeSegment
    Loop
End Sub

Private Function RunProgram( _
    program As String, _
    Optional command As String = "" _
) As WshExec
    Dim wsh As New WshShell
    Dim exec As WshExec

    Set exec = wsh.exec(program)
    Call exec.StdIn.WriteLine(command)
    Call RunSleep(exec)
    Set RunProgram = exec
End Function

为了测试它，我将文件保存到c:\驱动器并使用了代码：

Public Sub Run()
    Dim program As WshExec
    Set program = RunProgram("java -jar ""C:\\H1.jar"" Margus")
    Debug.Print "STDOUT: " & program.StdOut.ReadAll

    Set program = RunProgram("java -jar ""C:\\H2.jar", "Margus")
    Debug.Print "STDOUT: " & program.StdOut.ReadAll
End Sub

就我而言，我得到了以下答复：

标准输出：你好马格斯。

标准输出：你好马格斯。

Answer 2

Your VBA can write the output to a file and Java can poll for file modifications periodically and read from the file. And write the data back to VBA through another file. VBA - Java integration is next to impossible unless you just want to fire a Java program from the shell through System.execute(...).

Answer 3

我已经使用了..注意，使用 javaw 否则会弹出一个黑色窗口

Dim result As String
Dim commandstr As String

commandstr = "javaw -jar somejar someparameter"


' try with or without cast to string
result = CStr( shellRun(commandstr) )


'somewhere from SO but forget.. sorry for missing credits

Public Function ShellRun(sCmd As String) As String

    'Run a shell command, returning the output as a string'

    Dim oShell As Object
    Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")

    'run command'
    Dim oExec As Object
    Dim oOutput As Object
    Set oExec = oShell.exec(sCmd)
    Set oOutput = oExec.StdOut

    'handle the results as they are written to and read from the StdOut object'
    Dim s As String
    Dim sLine As String
    While Not oOutput.AtEndOfStream
        sLine = oOutput.ReadLine
        If sLine <> "" Then s = s & sLine & vbCrLf
    Wend

    ShellRun = s

End Function

Answer 4

比其他建议的解决方案更好的是使用 Jinx ( https://exceljava.com ) 在 Java 中创建 Excel 插件。

有关如何用 Java 编写 Excel 宏的详细信息，请参阅https://exceljava.com/docs/macros.html 。

除了宏，还可以编写用户定义的功能和菜单。

事实上，您可以使用 Java 作为 VBA 的完全替代品！请参阅https://github.com/exceljava/jinx-com4j了解如何调用 Excel 对象模型以允许您在 Java 中使用 VBA 执行所有操作。