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我试图理解 ArrayAccess 接口背后的想法,

我不明白每种方法的含义,如果这些方法(函数)是“内置”函数,而 ArrayAccess 接口(也是“内置”)只是“确保”我将实现那些“内置”方法(函数)

我试图了解每个功能对我们的代码“幕后”的作用。

function offsetSet($offset, $value);
function offsetGet($offset);
function offsetUnset($offset);
function offsetExists($offset);

如果我理解 ArrayAccess 是一个包含要实现的密封的内置接口,当我们实现它们时,我们只实现对内置函数的引用,如果有人能帮我解决这个问题,我会很高兴。

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2 回答 2

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如果您实现该接口,那么该对象就像一个数组。例如,如果$foo是实现的类的实例ArrayAccess

$foo['bar'] = 42来电offsetSet('bar', 42)

echo $foo['bar']来电offsetGet('bar')

unset($foo['bar'])来电offsetUnset('bar')

isset($foo['bar'])来电offsetExists('bar')

您永远不会自己显式调用函数 offset*。当您将对象作为数组访问时,它会隐式发生。

于 2012-07-04T17:58:51.360 回答
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在比较ArrayAccessSimpleXMLElement一个没有实现它的内部类)时,我也很好奇。该界面已在手册中详细记录,因此我想强调一些特定偏移类型的差异。

但首先是一个实现ArrayAccess在访问时给出输出的类的样板示例实现:

/**
 * ArrayAccess Example
 */
class ExampleArrayLikeAccess implements ArrayAccess
{

    /**
     * Whether a offset exists
     *
     * @link http://php.net/manual/en/arrayaccess.offsetexists.php
     * @param mixed $offset - An offset to check for.
     * @return boolean true on success or false on failure.
     *
     * The return value will be casted to boolean if non-boolean was returned.
     */
    public function offsetExists($offset) {
        echo "  - offsetExists(", $this->varString($offset),")\n";
    }

    /**
     * Offset to retrieve
     *
     * @link http://php.net/manual/en/arrayaccess.offsetget.php
     * @param mixed $offset The offset to retrieve.
     * @return mixed Can return all value types.
     */
    public function offsetGet($offset) {
        echo "  - offsetGet(", $this->varString($offset),")\n";
    }

    /**
     * Offset to set
     *
     * @link http://php.net/manual/en/arrayaccess.offsetset.php
     * @param mixed $offset The offset to assign the value to.
     * @param mixed $value The value to set.
     * @return void
     */
    public function offsetSet($offset, $value) {
        echo "  - offsetSet(", $this->varString($offset), ", ", $this->varString($value), ")\n";
    }

    /**
     * Offset to unset
     * @link http://php.net/manual/en/arrayaccess.offsetunset.php
     * @param mixed $offset  The offset to unset.
     * @return void
     */
    public function offsetUnset($offset) {
        echo "  - offsetUnset(", $this->varString($offset),")\n";
    }

    /**
     * helper to give a variable dump in form of a string
     */
    private function varString($var) {
        ob_start();
        var_dump($var);
        return trim(strtr(ob_get_clean(), ["\n" => '', "\r" => '']), ' {}');
    }

}

用它运行一些使用示例。我以评论的形式留下了笔记。它应该是不言自明的:

$like = new ExampleArrayLikeAccess();


/* offsetExists */

// indexes/keys that behave similar to PHP arrays:

isset($like[1]);    # integer stay integer
# offsetExists(int(1))

isset($like['1']);  # string like an integer - converted to integer
# offsetExists(int(1))

isset($like['01']); # string unlike an integer - stays string
# offsetExists(string(2) "01")

isset($like[TRUE]); # booleans are converted to integer
# offsetExists(bool(true))

// indexes/keys that differ to PHP arrays:

isset($like[1.1]);     # a float stays a float (double)
# offsetExists(double(1.1))

isset($like[NULL]);    # NULL stays NULL
# offsetExists(NULL)

isset($like[array()]); # array stays array
# offsetExists(array(0))

isset($like[$like]);   # object stays object
# offsetExists(class SxeLikeAccess#2 (0))


/* offsetGet */

// indexes/keys behave the same as with offsetExists:
$like[1];    # offsetGet(int(1))
$like['1'];  # offsetGet(int(1))
$like['01']; # offsetGet(string(2) "01")
// ...


/* offsetSet */

$like[1] = 'value';    # index/key behaves the same as with offsetExists
# offsetSet(int(1), string(5) "value")

$like[] = 'value';     # index/key is NULL
# offsetSet(NULL, string(5) "value")

$like[NULL] = 'value'; # index/key is NULL
# offsetSet(NULL, string(5) "value")


/* offsetUnset */
unset($like[1]);       # index/key behaves the same as with offsetExists
unset($like[NULL]);    # same for NULL

与标准 PHP 数组的主要区别在于,您不仅可以使用整数和字符串作为偏移量。

于 2012-11-05T13:42:06.660 回答