75

我可以将对象中的方法声明为调用静态方法的同名静态和非静态方法吗?

我想创建一个具有静态方法“发送”和调用静态函数的非静态方法的类。例如:

class test {
    private $text;
    public static function instance() {
        return new test();
    }

    public function setText($text) {
        $this->text = $text;
        return $this;
    }

    public function send() {
        self::send($this->text);
    }

    public static function send($text) {
        // send something
    }
}

我希望能够调用这两个函数是

test::send("Hello World!");

test::instance()->setText("Hello World")->send();

是否可以?

4

6 回答 6

92

可以这样做,但它有点棘手。你必须通过重载来做到这一点:the__call__callStatic魔法方法。

class test {
    private $text;
    public static function instance() {
        return new test();
    }

    public function setText($text) {
        $this->text = $text;
        return $this;
    }

    public function sendObject() {
        self::send($this->text);
    }

    public static function sendText($text) {
        // send something
    }

    public function __call($name, $arguments) {
        if ($name === 'send') {
            call_user_func(array($this, 'sendObject'));
        }
    }

    public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) {
        if ($name === 'send') {
            call_user_func(array('test', 'sendText'), $arguments[0]);
        }
    }
}

这不是一个理想的解决方案,因为它使您的代码更难遵循,但只要您的 PHP >= 5.3,它就会起作用。

于 2012-07-04T15:19:51.607 回答
3

我将创建一个隐藏类作为构造函数,并在父类中返回该隐藏类,该隐藏类具有等于隐藏类方法的静态方法:

// Parent class

class Hook {

    protected static $hooks = [];

    public function __construct() {
        return new __Hook();
    }

    public static function on($event, $fn) {
        self::$hooks[$event][] = $fn;
    }

}


// Hidden class

class __Hook {

    protected $hooks = [];

    public function on($event, $fn) {
        $this->hooks[$event][] = $fn;
    }

}

静态调用它:

Hook::on("click", function() {});

动态调用它:

$hook = new Hook;
$hook->on("click", function() {});
于 2017-11-19T05:46:52.823 回答
2

不,你不能有两个同名的方法。您可以通过重命名其中一种方法来完成基本相同的操作。重命名test::send("Hello World!");test::sendMessage("Hello World!");将工作。我只需创建一个带有可选文本参数的发送方法,该参数会更改方法的功能。

public function send($text = false) {
    if (!$text) {
        $text = $this -> text;
    }

    // Send something
}

我很想知道为什么你需要静态函数。

于 2012-07-04T15:23:34.403 回答
0

我同意应该不惜一切代价避免这种情况,但在某些情况下它可能有用。

在大多数情况下,它只会使您的代码不可读和难以管理。

相信我,我一直在走这条路。

这是一个可能仍然可行的用例场景示例。

我将 CakePHP 3.0 的 File 类扩展为我的默认文件处理类。

我想要一个静态的 mime 类型猜测器。

在某些情况下,我有一个文件名而不是实际文件,在这种情况下需要做出一些假设。(如果文件存在,尝试从中获取 mime,否则使用提供的文件名扩展)

其他时候,如果我实际实例化了一个对象,默认的 mime() 方法应该可以工作,但如果它失败,则需要从对象中提取文件名,而应该调用静态方法。

为了避免混淆,我的目标是通过调用相同的方法来获取 mime 类型:

静止的:

NS\File::type('path/to/file.txt')

作为对象

$f = new NS\File('path/to/file.txt');
$f->type();

这是我的示例扩展类:

<?php

namespace NS;

class File extends \Cake\Utility\File
{

    public function __call($method, $args) {
        return call_user_func_array([get_called_class(), 'obj'.ucfirst($method)], $args);
    }
    public static function __callStatic($method, $args) {
        return call_user_func_array([get_called_class(), 'static'.ucfirst($method)], $args);
    }

    public function objType($filename=null){
        $mime = false;
        if(!$filename){
            $mime = $this->mime();
            $filename = $this->path;
        }
        if(!$mime){
            $mime = static::getMime($filename);
        }
        return $mime;
    }

    public static function staticType($filename=null){
        return static::getMime($filename);
    }

    public static function getMime($filename = null)
    {
        $mimes = [
            'txt' => 'text/plain',
            'htm' => 'text/html',
            'html' => 'text/html',
            'php' => 'text/html',
            'ctp' => 'text/html',
            'twig' => 'text/html',
            'css' => 'text/css',
            'js' => 'application/javascript',
            'json' => 'application/json',
            'xml' => 'application/xml',
            'swf' => 'application/x-shockwave-flash',
            'flv' => 'video/x-flv',
            // images
            'png' => 'image/png',
            'jpe' => 'image/jpeg',
            'jpeg' => 'image/jpeg',
            'jpg' => 'image/jpeg',
            'gif' => 'image/gif',
            'bmp' => 'image/bmp',
            'ico' => 'image/vnd.microsoft.icon',
            'tiff' => 'image/tiff',
            'tif' => 'image/tiff',
            'svg' => 'image/svg+xml',
            'svgz' => 'image/svg+xml',
            // archives
            'zip' => 'application/zip',
            'rar' => 'application/x-rar-compressed',
            'exe' => 'application/x-msdownload',
            'msi' => 'application/x-msdownload',
            'cab' => 'application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed',
            // audio/video
            'mp3' => 'audio/mpeg',
            'qt' => 'video/quicktime',
            'mov' => 'video/quicktime',
            // adobe
            'pdf' => 'application/pdf',
            'psd' => 'image/vnd.adobe.photoshop',
            'ai' => 'application/postscript',
            'eps' => 'application/postscript',
            'ps' => 'application/postscript',
            // ms office
            'doc' => 'application/msword',
            'rtf' => 'application/rtf',
            'xls' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
            'ppt' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
            // open office
            'odt' => 'application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text',
            'ods' => 'application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet',
        ];
        $e = explode('.', $filename);
        $ext = strtolower(array_pop($e));
        if (array_key_exists($ext, $mimes)) {
            $mime = $mimes[$ext];
        } elseif (function_exists('finfo_open') && is_file($filename)) {
            $finfo = finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME);
            $mime = finfo_file($finfo, $filename);
            finfo_close($finfo);
        } else {
            $mime = 'application/octet-stream';
        }
        return $mime;
    }
}
于 2014-07-05T10:14:13.453 回答
0

在 php 中,您可以设置/分配具有方法可见性(公共、私有、受保护)的类方法以及类属性,这些属性可以声明类方法或类属性的限制分布,例如可以在类外部访问或不访问的类属性。

为了调用目的,我们得到了两个方法,

  1. 静态(自我::)
  2. 非静态 ($this->)

让我们学习一个类 Foo 有一些方法和属性..它们有可见性和调用方法

    <?php

    class Foo {

     public const WELCOME ='This is WELCOME Non Static Constant For Foo Class';
    public string $text='This is A Text Non Static Foo Class Properties';
    public static string $texter='This is A Texter Foo Static Class Properties';
    private string $ptext='This is a private string Non Static properties of Class Foo';
      
    
    public static function Bar()
    {
        echo "Static Method Bar is calling\n";
    }
    
    public function Baz()
    {
        echo "Non Static Method Baz is calling \n";
    }
    
    
    protected function Another()
    {
        echo "Non Static Method Another is calling \n";
    }
    
    private function Again()
    {
        echo "Non Static Private Method Again is calling \n";
    }
    
    protected static function AnotherOne()
    {
        echo "Non Static Method Another is calling \n";
    }
    
    private static function AgainOne()
    {
        echo "Non Static Private Method Again is calling \n";
    }
    
    
    public static function bypass()
    {
        return self::AgainOne();
    }
    
    public function getPText()
    {
        return $this->ptext;
    }
    
    
    
}
?>

现在测试这个类

<?php

//Non Static Call By Creating an $app instance of Foo Class..
$app = new Foo();
 echo $app->WELCOME;        // Undefined property: Foo::$WELCOME
 echo $app->text;           // This is A Text Non Static Foo Class Properties
 echo $app->texter;         // Accessing static property Foo::$texter as non static
 echo $app->Bar();          // Static Method Bar is calling
 echo $app->Baz();          // Non Static Method Baz is calling 
 echo $app->Another();      // Uncaught Error: Call to protected method Foo::Another() from global scope
 echo $app->Again();        // Uncaught Error: Call to private method Foo::Again() from global scope
 echo $app->AnotherOne();   // Uncaught Error: Call to protected method Foo::AnotherOne() from global scope
 echo $app->AgainOne();     // Uncaught Error: Call to private method Foo::AgainOne() from global scope
 echo $app->bypass();       // Non Static Private Method Again is calling 
 echo $app->ptext;          // Uncaught Error: Cannot access private property Foo::$ptext
 echo $app->getPText();     // This is a private string Non Static properties of Class Foo 

//Static Call
 echo Foo::WELCOME;         // This is WELCOME Non Static Constant For Foo Class
 echo Foo::text;            // Uncaught Error: Undefined constant Foo::text
 echo Foo::texter;          // Uncaught Error: Undefined constant Foo::texter
 echo Foo::Bar();           // Static Method Bar is calling
 echo Foo::Baz();           // Uncaught Error: Non-static method Foo::Baz() cannot be called statically
 echo Foo::Another();       // Uncaught Error: Call to protected method Foo::Another() from global scope
 echo Foo::Again();         // Uncaught Error: Call to private method Foo::Again() from global scope 
 echo Foo::AnotherOne();    // Uncaught Error: Call to protected method Foo::AnotherOne() from global scope
 echo Foo::AgainOne();      // Uncaught Error: Call to private method Foo::AgainOne() from global scope
 echo Foo::bypass();        // Non Static Private Method Again is calling 
 
 ?>

请参阅此处的实际操作。

于 2021-10-15T20:10:17.920 回答
-1

很抱歉碰到一个旧线程,但我想扩展@lonesomeday 的答案。(感谢@lonesomeday 提供初始代码示例。)

我也在对此进行试验,但不想像他在原始帖子中那样调用这些方法。相反,我有以下,这似乎工作:

    class Emailer {

    private $recipient;

    public function to( $recipient )
    {
        $this->recipient = $recipient;
        return $this;
    }

    public function sendNonStatic()
    {
        self::mailer( $this->recipient );
    }

    public static function sendStatic( $recipient )
    {
        self::mailer( $recipient );
    }

    public function __call( $name, $arguments )
    {
        if ( $name === 'send' ) {
            call_user_func( array( $this, 'sendNonStatic' ) );
        }
    }

    public static function mailer( $recipient )
    {
        // send()
        echo $recipient . '<br>';
    }

    public static function __callStatic( $name, $arguments )
    {
        if ( $name === 'send' ) {
            call_user_func( array( 'Emailer', 'sendStatic' ), $arguments[0] );
        }
    }
}

Emailer::send( 'foo@foo.foo' );

$Emailer = new Emailer;
$Emailer->to( 'bar@bar.bar' );
$Emailer->send();
于 2014-06-19T02:10:13.907 回答