29

在没有线程或子进程的情况下启动瓶子网络服务器时,没有问题。退出瓶子应用程序 -> CTRL+ c

在一个线程中,如何以编程方式停止瓶子网络服务器?

我在文档中没有找到stop()方法或类似的东西。有原因吗?

4

12 回答 12

15

对于默认(WSGIRef)服务器,这就是我所做的(实际上这是 Vikram Pudi 建议的更清洁的方法):

from bottle import Bottle, ServerAdapter

class MyWSGIRefServer(ServerAdapter):
    server = None

    def run(self, handler):
        from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server, WSGIRequestHandler
        if self.quiet:
            class QuietHandler(WSGIRequestHandler):
                def log_request(*args, **kw): pass
            self.options['handler_class'] = QuietHandler
        self.server = make_server(self.host, self.port, handler, **self.options)
        self.server.serve_forever()

    def stop(self):
        # self.server.server_close() <--- alternative but causes bad fd exception
        self.server.shutdown()

app = Bottle()

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return 'Hello world'

@app.route('/stop')  # not working from here, it has to come from another thread
def stopit():
    server.stop()  

server = MyWSGIRefServer(port=80)
try:
    app.run(server=server)
except:
    print('Bye')

当我想从另一个线程停止瓶子应用程序时,我执行以下操作:

server.stop()
于 2013-04-17T09:30:48.770 回答
10

我无法从请求中关闭瓶子服务器,因为瓶子似乎在子进程中运行请求。

我最终发现解决方案是:

sys.stderr.close()

在请求内部(被传递到瓶子服务器并取消它)。

于 2012-07-15T04:28:21.730 回答
8

迈克答案的更新版本。

from bottlepy.bottle import WSGIRefServer, run
from threading import Thread
import time

class MyServer(WSGIRefServer):
    def run(self, app): # pragma: no cover
        from wsgiref.simple_server import WSGIRequestHandler, WSGIServer
        from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
        import socket

        class FixedHandler(WSGIRequestHandler):
            def address_string(self): # Prevent reverse DNS lookups please.
                return self.client_address[0]
            def log_request(*args, **kw):
                if not self.quiet:
                    return WSGIRequestHandler.log_request(*args, **kw)

        handler_cls = self.options.get('handler_class', FixedHandler)
        server_cls  = self.options.get('server_class', WSGIServer)

        if ':' in self.host: # Fix wsgiref for IPv6 addresses.
            if getattr(server_cls, 'address_family') == socket.AF_INET:
                class server_cls(server_cls):
                    address_family = socket.AF_INET6

        srv = make_server(self.host, self.port, app, server_cls, handler_cls)
        self.srv = srv ### THIS IS THE ONLY CHANGE TO THE ORIGINAL CLASS METHOD!
        srv.serve_forever()

    def shutdown(self): ### ADD SHUTDOWN METHOD.
        self.srv.shutdown()
        # self.server.server_close()

def begin():
    run(server=server)

server = MyServer(host="localhost", port=8088)
Thread(target=begin).start()
time.sleep(2) # Shut down server after 2 seconds
server.shutdown()

WSGIRefServer 类被完全复制,只添加了 1 行到 run() 方法。还要添加一个简单的 shutdown() 方法。不幸的是,这是必要的,因为瓶子创建 run() 方法的方式。

于 2013-11-03T04:51:32.683 回答
3

您可以通过在调用 start 之前将 daemon 属性设置为 True 来使您的线程成为守护程序。

mythread = threading.Thread()
mythread.daemon = True
mythread.start()

每当它运行的主线程被杀死或死亡时,一个守护线程就会停止。唯一的问题是您将无法让线程在退出时运行任何代码,如果线程正在执行某项操作,它将立即停止,而无法完成它正在运行的方法。

Python 中没有办法真正显式地停止线程。如果您想更好地控制停止服务器,您应该从进程模块中查看 Python进程。

于 2012-08-20T14:56:16.823 回答
2

由于瓶子不提供机制,因此需要破解。如果您使用默认的 WSGI 服务器,这可能是最干净的一个:

在 Bottle 的代码中,WSGI 服务器以以下方式启动:

srv.serve_forever()

如果您已经在自己的线程中启动了瓶子,您可以使用以下方法停止它:

srv.shutdown()

要访问代码中的 srv 变量,您需要编辑瓶子源代码并使其成为全局变量。更改瓶子代码后,它看起来像:

srv = None #make srv global
class WSGIRefServer(ServerAdapter):
    def run(self, handler): # pragma: no cover
        global srv #make srv global
        ...
于 2013-02-22T06:49:01.587 回答
2

这是一个选项:提供自定义服务器(与默认值相同),它记录自己:

import bottle


class WSGI(bottle.WSGIRefServer):
    instances = []

    def run(self, *args, **kw):
        self.instances.append(self)
        super(WSGI, self).run(*args, **kw)

# some other thread:
bottle.run(host=ip_address, port=12345, server=WSGI)

# control thread:
logging.warn("servers are %s", WSGI.instances)
于 2015-11-20T15:07:34.140 回答
1

这个同样笨拙的 hack 的优点是不需要你从 bottle.py 复制粘贴任何代码:

# The global server instance.                                                                                             
server = None

def setup_monkey_patch_for_server_shutdown():
    """Setup globals to steal access to the server reference.                                                             
    This is required to initiate shutdown, unfortunately.                                                                 
    (Bottle could easily remedy that.)"""

    # Save the original function.                                                                                         
    from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

    # Create a decorator that will save the server upon start.                                                            
    def stealing_make_server(*args, **kw):
        global server
        server = make_server(*args, **kw)
        return server

    # Patch up wsgiref itself with the decorated function.                                                                
    import wsgiref.simple_server
    wsgiref.simple_server.make_server = stealing_make_server

setup_monkey_patch_for_server_shutdown()

def shutdown():
    """Request for the server to shutdown."""
    server.shutdown()
于 2014-03-02T00:42:34.743 回答
1

我想瓶子网络服务器永远运行,直到它终止。没有类似的方法stop()

但是你可以做这样的事情:

from bottle import route, run
import threading, time, os, signal, sys, operator

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, target, *args):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self, target=target, args=args)
        self.start()

class Watcher:
    def __init__(self):
        self.child = os.fork()
        if self.child == 0:
            return
        else:
            self.watch()

    def watch(self):
        try:
            os.wait()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print 'KeyBoardInterrupt'
            self.kill()
        sys.exit()

    def kill(self):
        try:
            os.kill(self.child, signal.SIGKILL)
        except OSError: pass

def background_process():
    while 1:
        print('background thread running')
        time.sleep(1)

@route('/hello/:name')
def index(name='World'):
    return '<b>Hello %s!</b>' % name

def main():
    Watcher()
    MyThread(background_process)

    run(host='localhost', port=8080)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

然后你可以Watcher.kill()在你需要杀死你的服务器时使用。

这是run()瓶子的功能代码:

尝试:app = app 或 default_app() if isinstance(app, basestring): app = load_app(app) if not callable(app): raise ValueError("Application is not callable: %r" % app)

    for plugin in plugins or []:
        app.install(plugin)

    if server in server_names:
        server = server_names.get(server)
    if isinstance(server, basestring):
        server = load(server)
    if isinstance(server, type):
        server = server(host=host, port=port, **kargs)
    if not isinstance(server, ServerAdapter):
        raise ValueError("Unknown or unsupported server: %r" % server)

    server.quiet = server.quiet or quiet
    if not server.quiet:
        stderr("Bottle server starting up (using %s)...\n" % repr(server))
        stderr("Listening on http://%s:%d/\n" % (server.host, server.port))
        stderr("Hit Ctrl-C to quit.\n\n")

    if reloader:
        lockfile = os.environ.get('BOTTLE_LOCKFILE')
        bgcheck = FileCheckerThread(lockfile, interval)
        with bgcheck:
            server.run(app)
        if bgcheck.status == 'reload':
            sys.exit(3)
    else:
        server.run(app)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
    pass
except (SyntaxError, ImportError):
    if not reloader: raise
    if not getattr(server, 'quiet', False): print_exc()
    sys.exit(3)
finally:
    if not getattr(server, 'quiet', False): stderr('Shutdown...\n')

run如您所见,除了一些例外,没有其他方法可以摆脱循环。该server.run功能取决于您使用的服务器,但quit无论如何都没有通用的方法。

于 2012-07-01T13:30:56.963 回答
1

这与seperomike的答案完全相同,但现在使用 Bottle 0.13+ 版本要简单得多:

from bottle import W, run, route
from threading import Thread
import time

@route('/')
def index():
    return 'Hello world'

def shutdown():
    time.sleep(5)
    server.srv.shutdown()

server = WSGIRefServer(port=80)
Thread(target=shutdown).start()
run(server=server)

也相关:https ://github.com/bottlepy/bottle/issues/1229和https://github.com/bottlepy/bottle/issues/1230


另一个使用路由http://localhost/stop进行关闭的示例:

from bottle import WSGIRefServer, run, route
from threading import Thread

@route('/')
def index():
    return 'Hello world'

@route('/stop')
def stopit():
    Thread(target=shutdown).start()

def shutdown():
    server.srv.shutdown()

server = WSGIRefServer(port=80)
run(server=server)

PS:它至少需要Bottle 0.13dev。

于 2020-05-05T12:02:03.087 回答
1

我发现这个解决方案是最简单的,但它确实需要安装“psutil”包才能获得当前进程。它还需要“信号”模块,但这是标准库的一部分。

@route('/shutdown')
def shutdown():
    current_process = psutil.Process()
    current_process.send_signal(signal.CTRL_C_EVENT)
    return 'Shutting down the web server'

希望这对某人有用!

于 2020-03-27T14:49:29.283 回答
1

Bottle 服务器的控制台日志告诉我们,官方关闭服务器的方式是“Hit Ctrl-C”:

Bottle v0.12.19 server starting up (using WSGIRefServer())...
Listening on http://localhost:8080/
Hit Ctrl-C to quit.

为什么不简单地以编程方式遵循它?

点击“Ctrl-C”只不过是向进程发送 SIGINT,我们可以通过内置模块来实现它:

  1. 使用 os.getpid() 获取当前 PID。
  2. 使用 os.kill() 终止进程。请记住传递 SIGINT,因此它与“Hit Ctrl-C”完全相同。
  3. 将“kill”包装在另一个线程中并在几秒钟后启动它,这样客户端就不会出错。

这是服务器代码:

from bottle import route, run
import os
import signal
from threading import Thread
import time


@route('/hello')
def return_hello():
    return 'Hello'


@route('/stop')
def handle_stop_request():
    # Handle "stop server" request from client: start a new thread to stop the server
    Thread(target=shutdown_server).start()
    return ''


def shutdown_server():
    time.sleep(2)
    pid = os.getpid()  # Get process ID of the current Python script
    os.kill(pid, signal.SIGINT)
    # Kill the current script process with SIGINT, which does same as "Ctrl-C"


run(host='localhost', port=8080)

这是客户端代码:

import requests


def request_service(service_key):
    url = f'http://127.0.0.1:8080/{service_key}'
    response = requests.get(url)
    content = response.content.decode('utf-8')
    print(content)


request_service('hello')
request_service('stop')

请注意,在函数“handle_stop_request”中,我们并没有立即停止服务器,而是启动了一个线程然后返回空字符串。通过这种机制,当客户端请求“http://127.0.0.1:8080/stop”时,可以正常得到响应(空字符串)。之后,服务器将关闭。如果我们在函数“handle_stop_request”中关闭服务器,服务器将在返回客户端之前关闭连接,因此客户端将收到“ConnectionError”。

服务器端输出:

Bottle v0.12.19 server starting up (using WSGIRefServer())...
Listening on http://localhost:8080/
Hit Ctrl-C to quit.

127.0.0.1 - - [23/Nov/2021 11:18:08] "GET /hello HTTP/1.1" 200 5
127.0.0.1 - - [23/Nov/2021 11:18:08] "GET /stop HTTP/1.1" 200 0

客户端输出:

Hello

该代码在 Python 3.7 和 Bottle 0.12 下进行了测试。

于 2021-11-23T03:21:43.190 回答
-1

这个问题在我的谷歌搜索中排名第一,所以我将发布我的答案:

当使用 Bottle() 类启动服务器时,它有一个方法 close() 来停止服务器。从源代码:

""" 关闭应用程序和所有已安装的插件。"""

例如:

class Server:
    def __init__(self, host, port):
        self._host = host
        self._port = port
        self._app = Bottle()
    def stop(self):
        # close ws server
        self._app.close()
    def foo(self):
        # More methods, routes...

调用 stop 方法将停止服务器。

于 2018-12-13T16:01:17.530 回答