处理此类问题的最简单方法与处理位字段的方法相同，只需将数据打包到适当数据类型的私有成员（或较大的成员）中，然后呈现公共属性为您解压数据。解包操作非常快，对性能的影响很小。对于您的特定类型，以下可能是您想要的：
public struct SomeStruct
{
private long data;
public byte SomeByte { get { return (byte)(data & 0x0FF); } }
public int SomeInt { get { return (int)((data & 0xFFFFFFFF00) << 8); } }
public short SomeShort { get { return (short)((data & 0xFFFF0000000000) << 40); } }
public byte SomeByte2 { get { return (byte)((data & unchecked((long)0xFF00000000000000)) << 56); } }
}
对于某些结构，由于定义结构的不幸方式，即使这种方法也不可行。在这些情况下，您通常必须使用字节数组作为可以从中解包元素的数据块。
编辑：扩展我对无法使用这种简单方法处理的结构的含义。当您不能像这样进行简单的打包/解包时，您需要手动编组不规则的 struct 。这可以在调用 pInvoked API 时使用手动方法或使用自定义封送器来完成。以下是一个自定义 marhsaler 示例，可以轻松适应现场手动编组。
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
public class Sample
{
[DllImport("sample.dll")]
public static extern void TestDataMethod([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.CustomMarshaler, MarshalTypeRef = typeof(TestDataMarshaler))] TestDataStruct pData);
}
public class TestDataStruct
{
public byte data1;
public int data2;
public byte[] data3 = new byte[7];
public long data4;
public byte data5;
}
public class TestDataMarshaler : ICustomMarshaler
{
//thread static since this could be called on
//multiple threads at the same time.
[ThreadStatic()]
private static TestDataStruct m_MarshaledInstance;
private static ICustomMarshaler m_Instance = new TestDataMarshaler();
public static ICustomFormatter GetInstance(string cookie)
{
return m_Instance;
}
#region ICustomMarshaler Members
public void CleanUpManagedData(object ManagedObj)
{
//nothing to do.
}
public void CleanUpNativeData(IntPtr pNativeData)
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pNativeData);
}
public int GetNativeDataSize()
{
return 21;
}
public IntPtr MarshalManagedToNative(object ManagedObj)
{
m_MarshaledInstance = (TestDataStruct)ManagedObj;
IntPtr nativeData = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(GetNativeDataSize());
if (m_MarshaledInstance != null)
{
unsafe //unsafe is simpler but can easily be done without unsafe if necessary
{
byte* pData = (byte*)nativeData;
*pData = m_MarshaledInstance.data1;
*(int*)(pData + 1) = m_MarshaledInstance.data2;
Marshal.Copy(m_MarshaledInstance.data3, 0, (IntPtr)(pData + 5), 7);
*(long*)(pData + 12) = m_MarshaledInstance.data4;
*(pData + 20) = m_MarshaledInstance.data5;
}
}
return nativeData;
}
public object MarshalNativeToManaged(IntPtr pNativeData)
{
TestDataStruct data = m_MarshaledInstance;
m_MarshaledInstance = null; //clear out TLS for next call.
if (data == null) data = new TestDataStruct(); //if no in object then return a new one
unsafe //unsafe is simpler but can easily be done without unsafe if necessary
{
byte* pData = (byte*)pNativeData;
data.data1 = *pData;
data.data2 = *(int*)(pData + 1);
Marshal.Copy((IntPtr)(pData + 5), data.data3, 0, 7);
data.data4 = *(long*)(pData + 12);
data.data5 = *(pData + 20);
}
return data;
}
#endregion
}
对于这些结构的数组，除非数组大小是固定的，否则您不能使用自定义封送处理，但是使用相同的技术手动封送整个数组数据相对容易。