在我的 C 程序中,我使用malloc()
which 分配内存,与 相比calloc()
,不初始化内存并且它可能仍然包含垃圾。大多数情况下,在分配的上下文中,我不会对malloc()
. (例如,在初始化包含缓冲区的结构的函数中,我不会更改缓冲区的内存,但稍后会更改)。
Valgrind 给了我很多这些错误:
- 条件跳转或移动取决于未初始化的值
- 使用大小为 4 的未初始化值
在这些情况下,我确信永远不会从未初始化的内存中读取。
我应该忽略它们还是在分配时初始化内存更好?如果我应该忽略它们,如何在 Valgrind 中停用此错误消息?
示例 1:
==4253== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s)
==4253== at 0x408EB8E: vfprintf (vfprintf.c:1624)
==4253== by 0x4093C2E: printf (printf.c:35)
==4253== by 0x40624D2: (below main) (libc-start.c:226)
==4253== Uninitialised value was created by a heap allocation
==4253== at 0x402BE68: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==4253== by 0x8048938: gk_StreamBufferNode_init (stream.c:101)
==4253== by 0x8048D0D: gk_Stream_bufferWriteProc (stream.c:252)
==4253== by 0x8048665: main (main.c:21)
代码:
int gk_StreamBufferNode_init(gk_StreamBufferNode* node, int buffer_size,
gk_AllocProc malloc) {
node->buffer = malloc(buffer_size); // line 101
if (node->buffer == NULL) {
return GKIT_FAILEDALLOC;
}
node->next = NULL;
return GKIT_NOERR;
}
示例 2:
==4253== Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value(s)
==4253== at 0x402DA39: memcpy (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==4253== by 0x8048C6E: gk_Stream_bufferWriteProc (stream.c:230)
==4253== by 0x8048665: main (main.c:21)
==4253== Uninitialised value was created by a heap allocation
==4253== at 0x402BE68: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==4253== by 0x8048CE0: gk_Stream_bufferWriteProc (stream.c:248)
==4253== by 0x8048665: main (main.c:21)
代码:
/* ... */
int available_bytes = binfo->buffer_size - bnode->filled;
int bytes_to_go = size * count;
int offset = 0;
int node_offset = 0;
gk_StreamBufferNode* new_node;
void* destination = NULL;
void* source = NULL;
while (bytes_to_go > 0) {
destination = bnode->buffer + bnode->filled + node_offset;
source = buffer + offset;
if (available_bytes > bytes_to_go) {
memcpy(destination, source, bytes_to_go); // line 230
bnode->filled += bytes_to_go;
offset += bytes_to_go;
node_offset = bytes_to_go;
bytes_to_go = 0;
}
else {
memcpy(destination, source, available_bytes);
offset += available_bytes;
node_offset = 0;
bytes_to_go -= available_bytes;
bnode->filled += available_bytes;
#ifdef DEBUG
assert(bnode->filled == bnode->buffer_size);
#endif // DEBUG
// Allocate a new buffer node.
new_node = (gk_StreamBufferNode*) malloc(sizeof(gk_StreamBufferNode)); // line 248
if (new_node == NULL) {
return GKIT_FAILEDALLOC;
}
int success = gk_StreamBufferNode_init(new_node, binfo->buffer_size,
malloc);
if (success <= GKIT_ERROR) {
free(new_node);
return GKIT_FAILEDALLOC;
}
bnode->next = new_node;
bnode = new_node;
available_bytes = binfo->buffer_size;
}
}