我会做这样的事情(显然你应该将它们映射到int,而不是字符串,并使用int作为代码)
struct structNode
{
    std::set<std::string> sMachines;
    std::map<std::string, int> mCodeToIndex;    
    std::vector<structNode> vChilds;        
};
void Fill(std::string strIdMachine, int iIndex, structNode* pNode, std::vector<std::string> &vCodes)
{
    if(iIndex < vCodes.size())
    {           
        // Add "Empty" if Needed
        if(pNode->vChilds.size() == 0)
        {
            pNode->mCodeToIndex.insert(pNode->mCodeToIndex.begin(), make_pair("empty", 0));
            pNode->vChilds.push_back(structNode());
        }
        // Add for "Empty"
        pNode->vChilds[0].sMachines.insert(strIdMachine);
        Fill(strIdMachine, (iIndex + 1), &pNode->vChilds[0], vCodes );
        if(vCodes[iIndex] == "empty")
            return;
        // Add for "Any"        
        std::map<std::string, int>::iterator mIte = pNode->mCodeToIndex.find("any");
        if(mIte == pNode->mCodeToIndex.end())
        {
            mIte = pNode->mCodeToIndex.insert(pNode->mCodeToIndex.begin(), make_pair("any", pNode->vChilds.size()));
            pNode->vChilds.push_back(structNode());     
        }
        pNode->vChilds[mIte->second].sMachines.insert(strIdMachine);
        Fill(strIdMachine, (iIndex + 1), &pNode->vChilds[mIte->second], vCodes );
        // Add for "Segment"
        mIte = pNode->mCodeToIndex.find(vCodes[iIndex]);
        if(mIte == pNode->mCodeToIndex.end())
        {
            mIte = pNode->mCodeToIndex.insert(pNode->mCodeToIndex.begin(), make_pair(vCodes[iIndex], pNode->vChilds.size()));
            pNode->vChilds.push_back(structNode());                 
        }
        pNode->vChilds[mIte->second].sMachines.insert(strIdMachine);
        Fill(strIdMachine, (iIndex + 1), &pNode->vChilds[mIte->second], vCodes );
    }
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Get
//
// NULL on empty group
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
set<std::string>* Get(structNode* pNode, int iIndex, vector<std::string> vCodes, int iMinValue)
{       
    if(iIndex < vCodes.size())
    {       
        std::map<std::string, int>::iterator mIte = pNode->mCodeToIndex.find(vCodes[iIndex]);       
        if(mIte != pNode->mCodeToIndex.end())
        {
            if(pNode->vChilds[mIte->second].sMachines.size() < iMinValue)
                return NULL;
            else
                return Get(&pNode->vChilds[mIte->second], (iIndex + 1), vCodes, iMinValue);
        }
        else
            return NULL;        
    }
    return &pNode->sMachines;   
}
用您的样本填充树
structNode stRoot;
    const char* dummy[] = { "city1", "switch03", "server01" };  
    const char* dummy2[] = { "city1", "switch03", "empty" };
    const char* dummy3[] = { "city2", "switch03", "server02" };
    const char* dummy4[] = { "city2", "switch04", "server02" };
    // Fill the tree with the sample    
    Fill("node1", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy, dummy + 3));
    Fill("node2", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy, dummy + 3));
    Fill("node3", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy2, dummy2 + 3));
    Fill("node4", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy2, dummy2 + 3));
    Fill("node5", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy3, dummy3 + 3));
    Fill("node6", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy3, dummy3 + 3));
    Fill("node7", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy4, dummy4 + 3));
    Fill("node8", 0, &stRoot, vector<std::string>(dummy4, dummy4 + 3));
现在您可以轻松获得所需的所有组合,例如您查询的内容如下:
vector<std::string> vCodes;
    vCodes.push_back("empty"); // Discard first property (cities)
    vCodes.push_back("any");   // Any value for infiniband
    vCodes.push_back("any");   // Any value for networkfs (except empty)
    set<std::string>* pMachines = Get(&stRoot, 0, vCodes, 2);
例如,只有交换机 03 上的 City02 网络不为空
vector<std::string> vCodes;
    vCodes.push_back("city2"); // Only city2
    vCodes.push_back("switch03");   // Only switch03
    vCodes.push_back("any");   // Any value for networkfs (except empy)
    set<std::string>* pMachines = Get(&stRoot, 0, vCodes, 2);