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我使用 OpenXML SDK 在 C# 中生成了一个 .xlsx 电子表格,但不知道如何使单元格样式正常工作。我一直在研究 Excel 生成的文件,但不太清楚它是如何完成的。

现在,我正在创建一个填充,创建一个CellStyleFormat指向填充的指向,创建一个CellFormat指向 的索引CellStyleFormat,然后创建一个CellStyle指向CellFormat.

这是我用来生成文档的代码:

Console.WriteLine("Creating document");
using (var spreadsheet = SpreadsheetDocument.Create("output.xlsx", SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook))
{
    Console.WriteLine("Creating workbook");
    spreadsheet.AddWorkbookPart();
    spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook = new Workbook();
    Console.WriteLine("Creating worksheet");
    var wsPart = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
    wsPart.Worksheet = new Worksheet();

    var stylesPart = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorkbookStylesPart>();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet = new Stylesheet();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills = new Fills();

    // create a solid red fill
    var solidRed = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Solid };
    solidRed.AppendChild(new BackgroundColor { Rgb = HexBinaryValue.FromString("FF00FF00") });

    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills.AppendChild(new Fill { PatternFill = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.None } });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills.AppendChild(new Fill { PatternFill = solidRed });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyleFormats = new CellStyleFormats();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyleFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat { FillId = 0, ApplyFill = false });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyleFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat { FillId = 1, ApplyFill = true });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats = new CellFormats();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat { FormatId = 0 });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat { FormatId = 1 });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyles = new CellStyles();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyles.AppendChild(new CellStyle { Name = "None", FormatId = 0 });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyles.AppendChild(new CellStyle { Name = "Solid Red", FormatId = 1 });

    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Save();

    Console.WriteLine("Creating sheet data");
    var sheetData = wsPart.Worksheet.AppendChild(new SheetData());

    Console.WriteLine("Adding rows / cells...");

    var row = sheetData.AppendChild(new Row());
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("This"),  DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("is"),    DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("a"),     DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("test."), DataType = CellValues.String });

    sheetData.AppendChild(new Row());

    row = sheetData.AppendChild(new Row());
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("Value:"),   DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("123"),      DataType = CellValues.Number });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("Formula:"), DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellFormula = new CellFormula("B3"),   StyleIndex = 1 }); // 

    Console.WriteLine("Saving worksheet");
    wsPart.Worksheet.Save();

    Console.WriteLine("Creating sheet list");
    var sheets = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook.AppendChild(new Sheets());
    sheets.AppendChild(new Sheet() { Id = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.GetIdOfPart(wsPart), SheetId = 1, Name = "Test" });

    Console.WriteLine("Saving workbook");
    spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Save();

    Console.WriteLine("Done.");
}

这是生成的 XML:

工作簿.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<x:workbook xmlns:x="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main">
  <x:sheets>
    <x:sheet name="Test" sheetId="1" r:id="Rbad86b8c80844a16" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships" />
  </x:sheets>
</x:workbook>

样式.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<x:styleSheet xmlns:x="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main">
  <x:fills>
    <x:fill>
      <x:patternFill patternType="none" />
    </x:fill>
    <x:fill>
      <x:patternFill patternType="solid">
        <x:bgColor rgb="FF00FF00" />
      </x:patternFill>
    </x:fill>
  </x:fills>
  <x:cellStyleXfs>
    <x:xf fillId="0" applyFill="0" />
    <x:xf fillId="1" applyFill="1" />
  </x:cellStyleXfs>
  <x:cellXfs>
    <x:xf xfId="0" />
    <x:xf xfId="1" />
  </x:cellXfs>
  <x:cellStyles>
    <x:cellStyle name="None" xfId="0" />
    <x:cellStyle name="Solid Red" xfId="1" />
  </x:cellStyles>
</x:styleSheet>

工作表/sheet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<x:worksheet xmlns:x="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main">
  <x:sheetData>
    <x:row>
      <x:c t="str"><x:v>This</x:v></x:c>
      <x:c t="str"><x:v>is</x:v></x:c>
      <x:c t="str"><x:v>a</x:v></x:c>
      <x:c t="str"><x:v>test.</x:v></x:c>
    </x:row>
    <x:row />
    <x:row>
      <x:c t="str"><x:v>Value:</x:v></x:c>
      <x:c t="n"><x:v>123</x:v></x:c>
      <x:c t="str"><x:v>Formula:</x:v></x:c>
      <x:c s="1"><x:f>B3</x:f></x:c>
    </x:row>
  </x:sheetData>
</x:worksheet>

最后一行的最后一个单元格是我要添加样式的地方。

当我通过 OpenXML SDK Productivity Tool 运行它时,这一切都得到了正确验证,但是,当我尝试在 Excel 中打开文件时,我收到以下错误:

修复的记录:格式来自 /xl/styles.xml 部分(样式)

然后显示电子表格,但未应用填充。

知道如何解决这个问题吗?

4

2 回答 2

101

是的,经过大量实验,我设法弄清楚了这一点。

事实证明,excel 分别为普通单元格和“Gray125”模式填充保留样式 0 和 1。上面的大部分代码都可以去掉,因为我们只需要一个CellFormat真的。

工作代码:

Console.WriteLine("Creating document");
using (var spreadsheet = SpreadsheetDocument.Create("output.xlsx", SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook))
{
    Console.WriteLine("Creating workbook");
    spreadsheet.AddWorkbookPart();
    spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook = new Workbook();
    Console.WriteLine("Creating worksheet");
    var wsPart = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
    wsPart.Worksheet = new Worksheet();

    var stylesPart = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorkbookStylesPart>();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet = new Stylesheet();

    Console.WriteLine("Creating styles");

    // blank font list
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fonts = new Fonts();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fonts.Count = 1;
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fonts.AppendChild(new Font());

    // create fills
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills = new Fills();

    // create a solid red fill
    var solidRed = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Solid };
    solidRed.ForegroundColor = new ForegroundColor { Rgb = HexBinaryValue.FromString("FFFF0000") }; // red fill
    solidRed.BackgroundColor = new BackgroundColor { Indexed = 64 };

    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills.AppendChild(new Fill { PatternFill = new PatternFill { PatternType = PatternValues.None } }); // required, reserved by Excel
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills.AppendChild(new Fill { PatternFill = new PatternFill { PatternType = PatternValues.Gray125 } }); // required, reserved by Excel
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills.AppendChild(new Fill { PatternFill = solidRed });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Fills.Count = 3;

    // blank border list
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Borders = new Borders();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Borders.Count = 1;
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Borders.AppendChild(new Border());

    // blank cell format list
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyleFormats = new CellStyleFormats();
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyleFormats.Count = 1;
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellStyleFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat());

    // cell format list
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats = new CellFormats();
    // empty one for index 0, seems to be required
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat());
    // cell format references style format 0, font 0, border 0, fill 2 and applies the fill
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats.AppendChild(new CellFormat { FormatId = 0, FontId = 0, BorderId = 0, FillId = 2, ApplyFill = true }).AppendChild(new Alignment { Horizontal = HorizontalAlignmentValues.Center });
    stylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats.Count = 2;

    stylesPart.Stylesheet.Save();

    Console.WriteLine("Creating sheet data");
    var sheetData = wsPart.Worksheet.AppendChild(new SheetData());

    Console.WriteLine("Adding rows / cells...");

    var row = sheetData.AppendChild(new Row());
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("This"),  DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("is"),    DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("a"),     DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("test."), DataType = CellValues.String });

    sheetData.AppendChild(new Row());

    row = sheetData.AppendChild(new Row());
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("Value:"),   DataType = CellValues.String });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("123"),      DataType = CellValues.Number });
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("Formula:"), DataType = CellValues.String });
    // style index = 1, i.e. point at our fill format
    row.AppendChild(new Cell() { CellFormula = new CellFormula("B3"),   DataType = CellValues.Number, StyleIndex = 1 });

    Console.WriteLine("Saving worksheet");
    wsPart.Worksheet.Save();

    Console.WriteLine("Creating sheet list");
    var sheets = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook.AppendChild(new Sheets());
    sheets.AppendChild(new Sheet() { Id = spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.GetIdOfPart(wsPart), SheetId = 1, Name = "Test" });

    Console.WriteLine("Saving workbook");
    spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Save();

    Console.WriteLine("Done.");
}

一些忠告:

如果您想避免这种精神错乱,请使用 ClosedXML。

如果您正在做这种工作,我不能高度推荐ClosedXML 。单独使用 OpenXML API 和格式非常乏味,还有各种未记录的案例。ClosedXML 为您做了很多工作。他们也非常擅长快速修复错误。

于 2012-06-20T11:22:47.120 回答
9

一个更通用的答案,所有这些都是我在测试后发现的,所以没有文档可以指出。

在样式表中设置CellFormats集合后,Excel 会对其进行更深入的验证。

CellFormats不能为空,它必须至少有一个CellFormat

添加后,如果或集合为空CellFormat,Excel 会报错。FillsFontsBorders

FirstFont用作整个工作簿以及 Excel 中的列/行标题的默认值。

Excel 会先忽略CellFormat,所以只需添加一个空的。

如果您的格式需要Borderor Fill,Excel 也将首先忽略Borderand ,因此还要在andFill中添加空的作为第一个子项。BordersFills

最后,从第二个CellFormat( s = "1") 开始,一切顺利。

在 Excel 2010 中测试。

于 2017-03-30T14:47:40.327 回答