c# - 如何在 WPF 中获取打印机名称和端口名称？

Question

我是 WPF 的新手。我想将打印机名称和端口（当前连接到我的系统）添加到组合框中。

有人可以告诉我一个简单的解决方案吗？

Answer 1

您可以使用 .net 中的 System.Management dll。

using System.Management;

ManagementObjectSearcher printers= new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select Name from Win32_Printer");

foreach (ManagementObject printer in printers.Get())
    Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", printer.GetPropertyValue("Name"));

如果您需要更多信息而不仅仅是名称，可以使用以下信息（取自此处。）

class Win32_Printer : CIM_Printer
{
  uint32   Attributes;
  uint16   Availability;
  string   AvailableJobSheets[];
  uint32   AveragePagesPerMinute;
  uint16   Capabilities[];
  string   CapabilityDescriptions[];
  string   Caption;
  string   CharSetsSupported[];
  string   Comment;
  uint32   ConfigManagerErrorCode;
  boolean  ConfigManagerUserConfig;
  string   CreationClassName;
  uint16   CurrentCapabilities[];
  string   CurrentCharSet;
  uint16   CurrentLanguage;
  string   CurrentMimeType;
  string   CurrentNaturalLanguage;
  string   CurrentPaperType;
  boolean  Default;
  uint16   DefaultCapabilities[];
  uint32   DefaultCopies;
  uint16   DefaultLanguage;
  string   DefaultMimeType;
  uint32   DefaultNumberUp;
  string   DefaultPaperType;
  uint32   DefaultPriority;
  string   Description;
  uint16   DetectedErrorState;
  string   DeviceID;
  boolean  Direct;
  boolean  DoCompleteFirst;
  string   DriverName;
  boolean  EnableBIDI;
  boolean  EnableDevQueryPrint;
  boolean  ErrorCleared;
  string   ErrorDescription;
  string   ErrorInformation[];
  uint16   ExtendedDetectedErrorState;
  uint16   ExtendedPrinterStatus;
  boolean  Hidden;
  uint32   HorizontalResolution;
  datetime InstallDate;
  uint32   JobCountSinceLastReset;
  boolean  KeepPrintedJobs;
  uint16   LanguagesSupported[];
  uint32   LastErrorCode;
  boolean  Local;
  string   Location;
  uint16   MarkingTechnology;
  uint32   MaxCopies;
  uint32   MaxNumberUp;
  uint32   MaxSizeSupported;
  string   MimeTypesSupported[];
  string   Name;
  string   NaturalLanguagesSupported[];
  boolean  Network;
  uint16   PaperSizesSupported[];
  string   PaperTypesAvailable[];
  string   Parameters;
  string   PNPDeviceID;
  string   PortName;
  uint16   PowerManagementCapabilities[];
  boolean  PowerManagementSupported;
  string   PrinterPaperNames[];
  uint32   PrinterState;
  uint16   PrinterStatus;
  string   PrintJobDataType;
  string   PrintProcessor;
  uint32   Priority;
  boolean  Published;
  boolean  Queued;
  boolean  RawOnly;
  string   SeparatorFile;
  string   ServerName;
  boolean  Shared;
  string   ShareName;
  boolean  SpoolEnabled;
  datetime StartTime;
  string   Status;
  uint16   StatusInfo;
  string   SystemCreationClassName;
  string   SystemName;
  datetime TimeOfLastReset;
  datetime UntilTime;
  uint32   VerticalResolution;
  boolean  WorkOffline;
};

编辑：为了帮助理解这个答案，我会一步一步来。（创建一个新的 WPF 应用程序，确保它名为 PrinterDisplay，我将从空白开始）

1：右键单击SolutionExplorer窗口中的References项，选择“Add reference”

2：选择 .NET 选项卡并搜索库 System.Magement 并选择它（按确定！）

3：将此代码粘贴到 MainWindow.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Management;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;

namespace PrinterDisplay
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {

        public ObservableCollection<SystemPrinter> Printers
        {
            get { return (ObservableCollection<SystemPrinter>)GetValue(PrintersProperty); }
            set { SetValue(PrintersProperty, value); }
        }
        public static readonly DependencyProperty PrintersProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Printers", typeof(ObservableCollection<SystemPrinter>), typeof(MainWindow), new UIPropertyMetadata(null));

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            Printers = new ObservableCollection<SystemPrinter>();
            ManagementObjectSearcher printers = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select Name, PortName from Win32_Printer");
            foreach (ManagementObject printer in printers.Get())
                this.Printers.Add(new SystemPrinter()
                {
                    Name = (string)printer.GetPropertyValue("Name"),
                    Port = (string)printer.GetPropertyValue("PortName"),
                });
        }
    }

    public class SystemPrinter
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Port { get; set; }
    }
}

4：将此代码粘贴到 MainWindow.xam

<Window x:Class="PrinterDisplay.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">    
    <Grid>
        <ListView ItemsSource="{Binding Printers}">
            <ListView.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Port}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ListView.ItemTemplate>
        </ListView>
    </Grid>
</Window>

5：按F5，惊叹于打印机和端口列表。