compiler-errors - 在gentoo上编译dev86包失败

Question

当我尝试安装 virtualbox 时，在编译 dev86 包期间出现以下错误：

00159                                           mov     spbbp
***** comma expected.........................................^
***** factor expected........................................^
***** illegal indirect to indirect...........................^

00091 errors
00000 warnings
make[4]: *** [__ldivmod.o] Error 1
make[4]: Leaving directory `/var/tmp/portage/sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18/work/dev86-0.16.18/libc/bcc'
make[3]: *** [/var/tmp/portage/sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18/work/dev86-0.16.18/libc/libc.a] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory `/var/tmp/portage/sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18/work/dev86-0.16.18/libc'
make[2]: *** [library] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory `/var/tmp/portage/sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18/work/dev86-0.16.18'
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/var/tmp/portage/sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18/work/dev86-0.16.18'
make: *** [all] Error 2
emake failed
 * ERROR: sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18 failed (compile phase):
 *   (no error message)
 * 

我尝试将 make 降级到 v3.81，使用旧版本的 dev86 并使用，但没有帮助。我尝试在 cflags 和 cxxflags 中使用 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE，但也没有任何改变。

gentoo herman # emerge --info dev86
Portage 2.1.10.65 (default/linux/amd64/10.0, gcc-4.5.3, glibc-2.15-r2, 3.3.1-gentoo x86_64)
=================================================================
                        System Settings
=================================================================
System uname: Linux-3.3.1-gentoo-x86_64-Intel-R-_Core-TM-2_Duo_CPU_T9400_@_2.53GHz-with-gentoo-2.1
Timestamp of tree: Thu, 14 Jun 2012 15:45:01 +0000
ccache version 3.1.7 [enabled]
app-shells/bash:          4.2_p20
dev-java/java-config:     2.1.11-r3
dev-lang/python:          2.7.2-r3, 3.2.2
dev-util/ccache:          3.1.7
dev-util/cmake:           2.8.8-r3
dev-util/pkgconfig:       0.26
sys-apps/baselayout:      2.1
sys-apps/openrc:          0.9.8.4
sys-apps/sandbox:         2.5
sys-devel/autoconf:       2.13, 2.68
sys-devel/automake:       1.11.3, 1.12.1
sys-devel/binutils:       2.22-r1
sys-devel/gcc:            4.5.3-r2, 4.6.3
sys-devel/gcc-config:     1.7.3
sys-devel/libtool:        2.4.2
sys-devel/make:           3.82-r3
sys-kernel/linux-headers: 3.2 (virtual/os-headers)
sys-libs/glibc:           2.15-r2
Repositories: gentoo
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64 ~amd64"
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"
CBUILD="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CFLAGS="-march=core2 -mcx16 -msahf -msse4.1 --param l1-cache-size=32 --param l1-cache-line-size=64 --param l2-cache-size=6144 -mtune=generic"
CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CONFIG_PROTECT="/etc /usr/share/config /usr/share/gnupg/qualified.txt /usr/share/themes/oxygen-gtk/gtk-2.0 /var/lib/hsqldb"
CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="${EPREFIX}/etc/gconf /etc/ca-certificates.conf /etc/env.d /etc/env.d/java/ /etc/fonts/fonts.conf /etc/gconf /etc/gentoo-release /etc/php/apache2-php5.3/ext-active/ /etc/php/apache2-php5.4/ext-active/ /etc/php/cgi-php5.3/ext-active/ /etc/php/cgi-php5.4/ext-active/ /etc/php/cli-php5.3/ext-active/ /etc/php/cli-php5.4/ext-active/ /etc/revdep-rebuild /etc/sandbox.d /etc/splash /etc/terminfo"
CXXFLAGS="-march=core2 -mcx16 -msahf -msse4.1 --param l1-cache-size=32 --param l1-cache-line-size=64 --param l2-cache-size=6144 -mtune=generic"
DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles"
FEATURES="assume-digests binpkg-logs ccache config-protect-if-modified distlocks ebuild-locks fixlafiles news parallel-fetch parse-eapi-ebuild-head protect-owned sandbox sfperms strict unknown-features-warn unmerge-logs unmerge-orphans userfetch"
FFLAGS=""
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://ftp.vectranet.pl/gentoo/ http://gentoo.mirror.pw.edu.pl/"
LANG="pl_PL.utf8"
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--as-needed"
LINGUAS="pl"
MAKEOPTS="-j5"
PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages"
PORTAGE_CONFIGROOT="/"
PORTAGE_RSYNC_OPTS="--recursive --links --safe-links --perms --times --compress --force --whole-file --delete --stats --human-readable --timeout=180 --exclude=/distfiles --exclude=/local --exclude=/packages"
PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp"
PORTDIR="/usr/portage"
PORTDIR_OVERLAY=""
SYNC="rsync://rsync7.pl.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage"
USE="X aac aacplus acl acpi alsa amd64 amr apache2 aperfmperf apic apng arch_perfmon asf ass avx berkdb bts bzip2 cleartype clflush cli cmov consolekit constant_tsc corefonts cpudetection cracklib crypt cups custom-cflags cx16 cx8 cxx dbus de declarative dirac djvu dri ds_cpl dtes64 dts dvd encode est ffmpeg flexpriority fontconfig fortran fpu fxsr gd gdbm gles gpm gtk gtk3 gudev hardcoded-tables ht iconv icu jack java jpeg kde kipi lahf_lm libnotify lm lm_sensors mca mce minizip mmx mmxext mng modules monitor mp3 msr mtrr mudflap multilib multimedia mysql ncurses nls nopl nptl nsplugin nx ogg opengl openmp pae pam pat pbe pcre pdcm pdf pdfimport pebs pge php png pni policykit ppds pppd pse pse36 python qalculate qt-faststart qt3support qt4 qwt rdesktop readline rep_good samba scanner schroedinger semantic-desktop sep session smx source spell sql ss sse sse2 sse4_1 ssl ssse3 static-libs subvesion svg syscall tcpd threads tm tm2 tools tpr_shadow truetype tsc type1 udev unicode upower usb vhosts vme vmx vnmi vorbis webkit wicd wifi win32codec wma-fixed x264 xinerama xorg xosd xtpr xvid zeroconf zlib" ALSA_CARDS="ali5451 als4000 atiixp atiixp-modem bt87x ca0106 cmipci emu10k1x ens1370 ens1371 es1938 es1968 fm801 hda-intel intel8x0 intel8x0m maestro3 trident usb-audio via82xx via82xx-modem ymfpci" ALSA_PCM_PLUGINS="adpcm alaw asym copy dmix dshare dsnoop empty extplug file hooks iec958 ioplug ladspa lfloat linear meter mmap_emul mulaw multi null plug rate route share shm softvol" APACHE2_MODULES="actions alias auth_basic authn_alias authn_anon authn_dbm authn_default authn_file authz_dbm authz_default authz_groupfile authz_host authz_owner authz_user autoindex cache cgi cgid dav dav_fs dav_lock deflate dir disk_cache env expires ext_filter file_cache filter headers include info log_config logio mem_cache mime mime_magic negotiation rewrite setenvif speling status unique_id userdir usertrack vhost_alias" CALLIGRA_FEATURES="kexi words flow plan sheets stage tables krita karbon braindump" CAMERAS="ptp2" COLLECTD_PLUGINS="df interface irq load memory rrdtool swap syslog" ELIBC="glibc" GPSD_PROTOCOLS="ashtech aivdm earthmate evermore fv18 garmin garmintxt gpsclock itrax mtk3301 nmea ntrip navcom oceanserver oldstyle oncore rtcm104v2 rtcm104v3 sirf superstar2 timing tsip tripmate tnt ubx" INPUT_DEVICES="mouse keyboard evdev synaptics" KERNEL="linux" LCD_DEVICES="bayrad cfontz cfontz633 glk hd44780 lb216 lcdm001 mtxorb ncurses text" LIBREOFFICE_EXTENSIONS="presenter-console presenter-minimizer" LINGUAS="pl" NETBEANS_MODULES="php websvccommon" PHP_TARGETS="php5-3" PYTHON_TARGETS="python3_2 python2_7" RUBY_TARGETS="ruby18 ruby19" USERLAND="GNU" VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia" XTABLES_ADDONS="quota2 psd pknock lscan length2 ipv4options ipset ipp2p iface geoip fuzzy condition tee tarpit sysrq steal rawnat logmark ipmark dhcpmac delude chaos account"
Unset:  CPPFLAGS, CTARGET, EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS, INSTALL_MASK, LC_ALL, PORTAGE_BUNZIP2_COMMAND, PORTAGE_COMPRESS, PORTAGE_COMPRESS_FLAGS, PORTAGE_RSYNC_EXTRA_OPTS, USE_PYTHON

有人有什么想法吗？

谢谢！

Answer 1

我尝试sys-devel/dev86-0.16.18在 5 台硬化的 gentoo amd64 机器上构建包，它们都成功了。

尽管该软件包在编译期间显示了很多警告，并且之后显示了大量的 QA Notices，但这很可能是您的问题的原因：

 * QA Notice: Package triggers severe warnings which indicate that it
 *            may exhibit random runtime failures.
 * floatop.c:33:7: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
 * floatop.c:48:7: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
 * genloads.c:391:5: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
 * genloads.c:395:5: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
 * loadexp.c:79:3: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules


 * QA Notice: Package triggers severe warnings which indicate that it
 *            may exhibit random runtime failures.
 * dbprintf.c:24:4: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘vdbprintf’
 * dbprintf.c:30:1: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘write’
 * dbprintf.c:110:9: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘strlen’
 * dumps.c:22:9: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘memcmp’
 * dumps.c:25:2: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘strlen’
 * ld.c:221:8: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘ld86r’
 * mkar.c:41:7: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘fatalerror’


 * QA Notice: Package triggers severe warnings which indicate that it
 *            may exhibit random runtime failures.
 * dbprintf.c:110:13: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’
 * dumps.c:25:6: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’

 * QA Notice: Package triggers severe warnings which indicate that it
 *            may exhibit random runtime failures.
 * input.c:400:10: warning: array subscript is below array bounds


 * QA Notice: Package triggers severe warnings which indicate that it
 *            may exhibit random runtime failures.
 * makeboot.c:1247:7: warning: too few arguments for format

 * Please do not file a Gentoo bug and instead report the above QA
 * issues directly to the upstream developers of this software.
 * Homepage: http://www.debath.co.uk/

如果您的工具链过于“严格”或配置不正确，它可能很容易破坏编码不佳的包。正如我在之前的评论中提到的，您CFLAGS没有遵循Gentoo Wiki 在您的 CPU 架构上推荐的“安全”值，它为您的 CPU 推荐以下设置：

64 bit profile (amd64) for >= GCC 4.3

CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CFLAGS="-march=core2 -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"

可能需要使用更保守的CFLAGS.

但是在你这样做之前（这显然需要很多时间），你可能会尝试一些在遇到编译错误时通常可以工作的东西：

1. 确保您的系统是最新的并且所有软件包都同步：

   emerge --sync && emerge -uDNav --with-bdeps=y @world

2. 解决与旧包和损坏库的任何差异：

   emerge --depclean && revdep-rebuild

3. 切换回稳定包。我注意到您使用 运行ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64 ~amd64"，这可能会导致不稳定软件包之外的意外问题。您可能想尝试~amd64从那里删除并声明您想要特定软件包的不稳定版本/etc/portage/package.keywords（请参阅有关此主题的 Gentoo 手册）。设置正确的标志后重试步骤 1 和 2。

如果构建这个包仍然失败并且你还没有放弃，你可以通过以下方式继续重建工具链：

1. 首先将CFLAGS,CXXFLAGS和其他指令（如USE和）设置LDFLAGS为/etc/make.conf.

2. 使用新配置重新编译 GCC 并确保选择了正确的版本以供使用：

   emerge gcc
   gcc-config -l 
   [1] i686-pc-linux-gnu-4.4.5 * 
   [2] i686-pc-linux-gnu-4.5.3
   gcc-config 2
   env-update && source /etc/profile
   

3. 重建工具链的其余部分（参考：升级 GCC和升级 Gentoo）：

   emerge libtool glibc binutils
   

4. 喝杯咖啡，看场电影，回来重试最初的编译。

运行上述所有步骤非常耗时，但可以解决大多数emerge编译错误（当然，如果包本身没有损坏）。

作为参考，这里是emerge --info成功编译此包的正常（硬化）机器：

Portage 2.1.10.49 (hardened/linux/amd64, gcc-4.5.3, glibc-2.14.1-r3, 3.2.2-hardened-r1-RMZv1si x86_64)
=================================================================
System uname: Linux-3.2.2-hardened-r1-RMZv1si-x86_64-Intel-R-_Xeon-TM-_CPU_3.40GHz-with-gentoo-2.1
Timestamp of tree: Fri, 15 Jun 2012 08:00:01 +0000
app-shells/bash:          4.2_p20
dev-java/java-config:     2.1.11-r3
dev-lang/python:          2.7.3-r2, 3.2.3
dev-util/cmake:           2.8.7-r5
dev-util/pkgconfig:       0.26
sys-apps/baselayout:      2.1-r1
sys-apps/openrc:          0.9.8.4
sys-apps/sandbox:         2.5
sys-devel/autoconf:       2.13, 2.68
sys-devel/automake:       1.4_p6-r1, 1.11.1
sys-devel/binutils:       2.21.1-r1
sys-devel/gcc:            4.5.3-r2
sys-devel/gcc-config:     1.6
sys-devel/libtool:        2.4-r1
sys-devel/make:           3.82-r1
sys-kernel/linux-headers: 3.1 (virtual/os-headers)
sys-libs/glibc:           2.14.1-r3
Repositories: gentoo x-boxed-main kormoc x-portage
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64"
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"
CBUILD="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe"
CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CONFIG_PROTECT="/etc /usr/share/gnupg/qualified.txt /usr/share/openvpn/easy-rsa /var/bind /var/qmail/alias /var/qmail/control /var/vpopmail/etc"
CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="/etc/ca-certificates.conf /etc/env.d /etc/env.d/java/ /etc/fonts/fonts.conf /etc/gconf /etc/gentoo-release /etc/php/apache2-php5.3/ext-active/ /etc/php/apache2-php5.4/ext-active/ /etc/php/cgi-php5.3/ext-active/ /etc/php/cgi-php5.4/ext-active/ /etc/php/cli-php5.3/ext-active/ /etc/php/cli-php5.4/ext-active/ /etc/revdep-rebuild /etc/sandbox.d /etc/terminfo"
CXXFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe"
DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles"
FEATURES="assume-digests binpkg-logs distlocks ebuild-locks fixlafiles news parallel-fetch protect-owned sandbox sfperms strict unknown-features-warn unmerge-logs unmerge-orphans userfetch"
FFLAGS=""
GENTOO_MIRRORS="ftp://ftp.snt.utwente.nl/pub/os/linux/gentoo http://ftp.snt.utwente.nl/pub/os/linux/gentoo ftp://mirror.leaseweb.com/gentoo/ http://mirror.leaseweb.com/gentoo/ "
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8"
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--as-needed"
MAKEOPTS="-j5"
PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages"
PORTAGE_CONFIGROOT="/"
PORTAGE_RSYNC_OPTS="--recursive --links --safe-links --perms --times --compress --force --whole-file --delete --stats --human-readable --timeout=180 --exclude=/distfiles --exclude=/local --exclude=/packages"
PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp"
PORTDIR="/usr/portage"
PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/var/lib/layman/boxed-main /var/lib/layman/kormoc /usr/local/portage"
SYNC="rsync://rsync.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage"
USE="acl amd64 apache2 auth_digest bash bash-completion bzip2 caps cli cracklib crypt ctype cxx dba dri ftp gd gdbm gpm hardened iconv imap innodb intl ipv6 ithreads jpeg jpeg2k justify memcache memcached mmx modules mudflap multilib mysql ncurses nls nptl openmp pam pax_kernel pcre php pic png pppd raw readline session slang snmp sockets sse sse2 ssl suexec svg tcpd threads tiff unicode urandom usagi valias vhosts vpopmail wmf xml xorg zlib" ALSA_CARDS="ali5451 als4000 atiixp atiixp-modem bt87x ca0106 cmipci emu10k1x ens1370 ens1371 es1938 es1968 fm801 hda-intel intel8x0 intel8x0m maestro3 trident usb-audio via82xx via82xx-modem ymfpci" ALSA_PCM_PLUGINS="adpcm alaw asym copy dmix dshare dsnoop empty extplug file hooks iec958 ioplug ladspa lfloat linear meter mmap_emul mulaw multi null plug rate route share shm softvol" APACHE2_MODULES="actions alias authn_alias authn_anon authn_dbm authn_dbd authn_default authn_file authz_dbm authz_default authz_groupfile authz_host authz_owner authz_user autoindex cache dav dav_fs dav_lock deflate dir disk_cache env expires ext_filter file_cache filter headers include info log_config logio mem_cache mime mime_magic negotiation setenvif speling ssl status unique_id usertrack auth_basic auth_digest rewrite userdir vhost_alias bw bandwidth cgid" APACHE2_MPMS="prefork" CALLIGRA_FEATURES="kexi words flow plan sheets stage tables krita karbon braindump" CAMERAS="ptp2" COLLECTD_PLUGINS="df interface irq load memory rrdtool swap syslog" ELIBC="glibc" GPSD_PROTOCOLS="ashtech aivdm earthmate evermore fv18 garmin garmintxt gpsclock itrax mtk3301 nmea ntrip navcom oceanserver oldstyle oncore rtcm104v2 rtcm104v3 sirf superstar2 timing tsip tripmate tnt ubx" INPUT_DEVICES="keyboard mouse evdev" KERNEL="linux" LCD_DEVICES="bayrad cfontz cfontz633 glk hd44780 lb216 lcdm001 mtxorb ncurses text" LIBREOFFICE_EXTENSIONS="presenter-console presenter-minimizer" PHP_TARGETS="php5-4" PYTHON_TARGETS="python3_2 python2_7" RUBY_TARGETS="ruby18 ruby19" USERLAND="GNU" VIDEO_CARDS="fbdev glint intel mach64 mga neomagic nouveau nv r128 radeon savage sis tdfx trident vesa via vmware dummy v4l" XTABLES_ADDONS="quota2 psd pknock lscan length2 ipv4options ipset ipp2p iface geoip fuzzy condition tee tarpit sysrq steal rawnat logmark ipmark dhcpmac delude chaos account"
Unset:  CPPFLAGS, CTARGET, EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS, INSTALL_MASK, LINGUAS, PORTAGE_BUNZIP2_COMMAND, PORTAGE_COMPRESS, PORTAGE_COMPRESS_FLAGS, PORTAGE_RSYNC_EXTRA_OPTS, USE_PYTHON

祝你好运！