我通过以下方式在 Eclipse 中开发 Cassandra/Hadoop 应用程序:
使用 maven (m2e) 为我的 Eclipse 项目收集和配置依赖项(Hadoop、Cassandra、Pig 等)
创建测试用例(src/test/java 中的类)来测试我的映射器和化简器。诀窍是使用扩展 RecordWriter 和 StatusReporter 的内部类动态构建上下文对象。如果你这样做,那么在你调用 setup/map/cleanup 或 setup/reduce/cleanup 之后,你可以断言正确的键/值对和上下文信息是由 mapper 或 reducer 编写的。mapred 和 mapreduce 中的上下文构造函数看起来很难看,但您会发现这些类很容易实例化。
一旦您编写了这些测试,maven 将在您每次构建时自动调用它们。
您可以通过选择项目并执行 Run --> Maven Test 来手动调用测试。事实证明这非常方便,因为测试是在调试模式下调用的,您可以在映射器和化简器中设置断点,并执行 Eclipse 允许您在调试中执行的所有很酷的事情。
一旦您对代码的质量感到满意,就可以使用 Maven 在一个 jar 中构建一个带有依赖关系的 jar,这一切都在 hadoop 非常喜欢的一个 jar 中。
顺便说一句,我已经基于 Eclipse 中的 M2T JET 项目构建了许多代码生成工具。它们为我上面提到的所有内容生成了基础设施,我只是为我的映射器、reducer 和测试用例编写逻辑。我想如果你考虑一下,你可能会想出一组可重用的类,你可以扩展它们来做几乎相同的事情。
这是一个示例测试用例类:
/*
*
* This source code and information are provided "AS-IS" without
* warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including
* but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability
* and/or fitness for a particular purpose.
*
* This source code was generated using an evaluation copy
* of the Cassandra/Hadoop Accelerator and may not be used for
* production purposes.
*
*/
package com.creditco.countwords.ReadDocs;
// Begin imports
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Counter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Counters;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputCommitter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.StatusReporter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptID;
import org.junit.Test;
// End imports
public class ParseDocsMapperTest extends TestCase {
@Test
public void testCount() {
TestRecordWriter recordWriter = new TestRecordWriter();
TestRecordReader recordReader = new TestRecordReader();
TestOutputCommitter outputCommitter = new TestOutputCommitter();
TestStatusReporter statusReporter = new TestStatusReporter();
TestInputSplit inputSplit = new TestInputSplit();
try {
// Begin test logic
// Get an instance of the mapper to be tested and a context instance
ParseDocsMapper mapper = new ParseDocsMapper();
Mapper<LongWritable,Text,Text,IntWritable>.Context context =
mapper.testContext(new Configuration(), new TaskAttemptID(),recordReader,recordWriter,outputCommitter,statusReporter,inputSplit);
// Invoke the setup, map and cleanup methods
mapper.setup(context);
LongWritable key = new LongWritable(30);
Text value = new Text("abc def ghi");
mapper.map(key, value, context);
if (recordWriter.getKeys().length != 3) {
fail("com.creditco.countwords:ParseDocsMapperTest.testCount() - Wrong number of records written ");
}
mapper.cleanup(context);
// Validation:
//
// recordWriter.getKeys() returns the keys written to the context by the mapper
// recordWriter.getValues() returns the values written to the context by the mapper
// statusReporter returns the most recent status and any counters set by the mapper
//
// End test logic
} catch (Exception e) {
fail("com.creditco.countwords:ParseDocsMapperTest.testCount() - Exception thrown: "+e.getMessage());
}
}
final class TestRecordWriter extends RecordWriter<Text, IntWritable> {
ArrayList<Text> keys = new ArrayList<Text>();
ArrayList<IntWritable> values = new ArrayList<IntWritable>();
public void close(TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException, InterruptedException { }
public void write(Text key, IntWritable value) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
keys.add(key);
values.add(value);
}
public Text[] getKeys() {
Text result[] = new Text[keys.size()];
keys.toArray(result);
return result;
}
public IntWritable[] getValues() {
IntWritable[] result = new IntWritable[values.size()];
values.toArray(result);
return result;
}
};
final class TestRecordReader extends RecordReader<LongWritable, Text> {
public void close() throws IOException { }
public LongWritable getCurrentKey() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
throw new RuntimeException("Tried to call RecordReader:getCurrentKey()");
}
public Text getCurrentValue() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
throw new RuntimeException("Tried to call RecordReader:getCurrentValue()");
}
public float getProgress() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
throw new RuntimeException("Tried to call RecordReader:getProgress()");
}
public void initialize(InputSplit arg0, TaskAttemptContext arg1) throws IOException, InterruptedException { }
public boolean nextKeyValue() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return false;
}
};
final class TestStatusReporter extends StatusReporter {
private Counters counters = new Counters();
private String status = null;
public void setStatus(String arg0) {
status = arg0;
}
public String getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void progress() { }
public Counter getCounter(String arg0, String arg1) {
return counters.getGroup(arg0).findCounter(arg1);
}
public Counter getCounter(Enum<?> arg0) {
return null;
}
};
final class TestInputSplit extends InputSplit {
public String[] getLocations() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return null;
}
public long getLength() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return 0;
}
};
final class TestOutputCommitter extends OutputCommitter {
public void setupTask(TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException { }
public void setupJob(JobContext arg0) throws IOException { }
public boolean needsTaskCommit(TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException {
return false;
}
public void commitTask(TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException { }
public void cleanupJob(JobContext arg0) throws IOException { }
public void abortTask(TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException { }
};
}
这是一个示例 maven pom。请注意,引用的版本有点过时,但只要这些版本保存在某个 maven 存储库中,您就可以构建这个项目。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.creditco</groupId>
<artifactId>wordcount.example</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-core</artifactId>
<version>0.20.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cassandra</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-all</artifactId>
<version>1.0.6</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cassandraunit</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-unit</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1.1</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.pig</groupId>
<artifactId>pig</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.json</groupId>
<artifactId>json</artifactId>
<version>20090211</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>