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这个对“将 EPS 转换为 PDF 的 GhostScript 命令行参数”的回答中;据说pdfwriteGhostscript的设备默认分辨率是720x720,我一开始觉得难以置信!

有没有办法列出 Ghostscript 设备的默认选项?

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1 回答 1

14

由于 Ghostscript 是一个成熟的 PostScript 解释器,您还可以向它发送 PostScript 片段,这些片段不会导致页面元素的绘制,但会查询它的内部状态。

如果您想知道显示器的默认设置是什么,当您要求它gs some.pdf仅在屏幕上显示 PDF 时,您可以尝试以下操作:

gs \
   -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall"

在 Windows 上,这变为:

gswin32c.exe ^
   -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall"

结果是/SomeName somevalue描述用于将页面呈现到当前屏幕的设置的对列表。

这是因为通常显示器是 Ghostscript 将其输出发送到的默认设备。现在您可能会注意到您会看到一个空的 Ghostscript 窗口弹出,您必须将其关闭....啊,添加一些选项以避免弹出窗口怎么样?

gs \
   -o /dev/null \
   -dNODISPLAY \
   -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall"

或者,在 Windows 上:

gswin32c.exe ^
   -o nul ^
   -dNODISPLAY ^
   -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall"

但这会更改查询返回值,因为您(无意中)更改了输出设备设置:

gs -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall" | grep Resolution

结果:

HWResolution [86.5426483 86.5426483]
/.MarginsHWResolution [1152.0 1152.0]

将此与

gs \
   -o /dev/null \
   -dNODISPLAY \
   -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall" \
| grep Resolution

结果:

/HWResolution [72.0 72.0]
/.MarginsHWResolution [72.0 72.0]

所以,请避开这个陷阱。几年前我就成功掉进去了,好久都没注意到……

现在假设您要查询 PDF 写入设备的默认设置,运行这个:

gs \
  -o /dev/null \
  -sDEVICE=pdfwrite \
  -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall" \
| tee ghostscript-pdfwrite-default-pagedevice-settings.txt

您现在将pdfwrite在 *.txt 文件中拥有设备的所有设置。你可以用其他一些有趣的 Ghostscript 设备重复这一点,然后比较它们的所有细节差异:

for _dev in \
  pswrite ps2write pdfwrite \
  tiffg3 tiffg4 tiff12nc tiff24nc tiff32nc tiff48nc tiffsep \
  jpeg jpeggray jpegcmyk \
  png16 png16m png256 png48 pngalpha pnggray pngmono; \
do \
  gs \
    -o /dev/null \
    -sDEVICE=${_dev} \
    -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print == } forall" \
   | sort \
   | tee ghostscript-${_dev}-default-pagedevice-settings.txt; \
done

pswrite比较像这样的和设备的设置是相当有趣的ps2write(并且还发现可用于一个设备但不能用于其他设备的参数):

sdiff -sbB ghostscript-ps*write-default-pagedevice-settings.txt

更新:

正如您可能想象的那样,这也是比较不同 Ghostscript 版本的好方法,并跟踪最近版本中不同设备的默认设置可能发生的变化。如果您想了解所有新实现的颜色配置文件和现在存在于 Ghostscript 中的 ICC 支持,这将特别有趣。

此外,为避免仅返回-dict-某些键值,请使用宏===来代替。像但也打印字典的内容=======

所以这里是pdfwrite设备的示例输出。请记住,Ghostscript 的pdfwrite设备旨在提供与Adob​​e Acrobat Distiller大致相同的功能(具有附加功能,它不仅接受 PostScript 作为输入,还接受 PDF,因此您可以重新提取现有 PDF 文件以修复、改进或以其他方式操纵它们)。因此,Ghostscript对原 Distiller 也支持的pdfdevice大部分运算符表示敬意:setdistillerparams

gs \
  -o /dev/null \
  -sDEVICE=pdfwrite \
  -c "currentpagedevice {exch ==only ( ) print === } forall" \
| sort

/%MediaDestination 0
/%MediaSource 0
/.AlwaysEmbed []
/.HWMargins [0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
/.IgnoreNumCopies false
/.LockSafetyParams false
/.MarginsHWResolution [720.0 720.0]
/.MediaSize [612.0 792.0]
/.NeverEmbed [/Courier /Courier-Bold /Courier-Oblique /Courier-BoldOblique /Helvetica /Helvetica-Bold /Helvetica-Oblique /Helvetica-BoldOblique /Times-Roman /Times-Bold /Times-Italic /Times-BoldItalic /Symbol /ZapfDingbats]
/ASCII85EncodePages false
/AllowIncrementalCFF false
/AllowPSRepeatFunctions false
/AlwaysEmbed []
/AntiAliasColorImages false          [*]
/AntiAliasGrayImages false           [*]
/AntiAliasMonoImages false           [*]
/AutoFilterColorImages true
/AutoFilterGrayImages true
/AutoPositionEPSFiles true
/AutoRotatePages /PageByPage
/BeginPage {--.callbeginpage--}
/Binding /Left                       [*]
/BitsPerPixel 24
/BlueValues 256
/CalCMYKProfile (None)               [*]
/CalGrayProfile (None)               [*]
/CalRGBProfile (None)                [*]
/CannotEmbedFontPolicy /Warning      [*]
/CenterPages false
/ColorACSImageDict << /Blend 1 /VSamples [2 1 1 2] /QFactor 0.9 /HSamples [2 1 1 2] >>
/ColorConversionStrategy /LeaveColorUnchanged
/ColorImageDepth -1
/ColorImageDict << /Blend 1 /VSamples [2 1 1 2] /QFactor 0.9 /HSamples [2 1 1 2] >>
/ColorImageDownsampleThreshold 1.5
/ColorImageDownsampleType /Subsample
/ColorImageFilter /DCTEncode
/ColorImageResolution 150
/ColorValues 16777216
/Colors 3
/CompatibilityLevel 1.4
/CompressEntireFile false
/CompressFonts true
/CompressPages true
/ConvertCMYKImagesToRGB false
/ConvertImagesToIndexed true
/CoreDistVersion 5000
/CreateJobTicket false               [*]
/DSCEncodingToUnicode []
/DefaultRenderingIntent /Default
/DetectBlends true                   [*]
/DetectDuplicateImages true
/DeviceGrayToK true
/DeviceLinkProfile ()
/DoNumCopies false
/DoThumbnails false                  [*]
/DocumentTimeSeq 0
/DocumentUUID ()
/DownsampleColorImages false
/DownsampleGrayImages false
/DownsampleMonoImages false
/EmbedAllFonts true
/EmitDSCWarnings false               [*]
/EncodeColorImages true
/EncodeGrayImages true
/EncodeMonoImages true
/EncryptionR 0
/EndPage {--.callendpage--}          [*]
/FirstObjectNumber 1
/FitPages false
/ForOPDFRead false
/GraphicICCProfile ()
/GraphicIntent 0
/GraphicsAlphaBits 1
/GrayACSImageDict << /Blend 1 /VSamples [2 1 1 2] /QFactor 0.9 /HSamples [2 1 1 2] >>
/GrayImageDepth -1
/GrayImageDict << /Blend 1 /VSamples [2 1 1 2] /QFactor 0.9 /HSamples [2 1 1 2] >>
/GrayImageDownsampleThreshold 1.5
/GrayImageDownsampleType /Subsample
/GrayImageFilter /DCTEncode
/GrayImageResolution 150
/GrayValues 256
/GreenValues 256
/HWResolution [720.0 720.0]
/HWSize [6120 7920]
/HaveCIDSystem false
/HaveTransparency true
/HaveTrueTypes true
/HighLevelDevice true
/ImageICCProfile ()
/ImageIntent 0
/ImageMemory 524288                  [*]
/ImagingBBox null
/InputAttributes << 59 << /PageSize [612 792] >> 36 << /PageSize [649 918] >> 13 << /PageSize [595 842] >> 49 << /PageSize [354 499] >> 26 << /PageSize [2004 2835] >> 3 << /PageSize [792 1224] >> 62 << /PageSize [595 792] >> 39 << /PageSize [612 936] >> 16 << /PageSize [297 420] >> 52 << /PageSize [1460 2064] >> 29 << /PageSize [709 1001] >> 6 << /PageSize [2448 3168] >> 42 << /PageSize [396 612] >> 19 << /PageSize [105 148] >> 55 << /PageSize [516 729] >> 32 << /PageSize [2599 3677] >> 9 << /PageSize [1684 2384] >> 45 << /PageSize [1417 2004] >> 22 << /PageSize [1296 1728] >> 58 << /PageSize [612 1008] >> 35 << /PageSize [918 1298] >> 12 << /PageSize [842 1191] >> 48 << /PageSize [499 709] >> 25 << /PageSize [2835 4008] >> 2 << /PageSize [612 792] >> 61 << /PageSize [612 792] >> 38 << /PageSize [323 459] >> 15 << /PageSize [420 595] >> 51 << /PageSize [2064 2920] >> 28 << /PageSize [1001 1417] >> 5 << /PageSize [1585 2448] >> 64 << /PageSize [0 0 524287 524287] >> 41 << /PageSize [283 420] >> 18 << /PageSize [148 210] >> 54 << /PageSize [729 1032] >> 31 << /PageSize [354 499] >> 8 << /PageSize [2384 3370] >> 44 << /PageSize [2004 2835] >> 21 << /PageSize [864 1296] >> 57 << /PageSize [1224 792] >> 34 << /PageSize [1298 1837] >> 11 << /PageSize [1191 1684] >> 47 << /PageSize [709 1001] >> 24 << /PageSize [2592 3456] >> 1 << /PageSize [792 1224] >> 60 << /PageSize [612 792] >> 37 << /PageSize [459 649] >> 14 << /PageSize [595 842] >> 50 << /PageSize [2920 4127] >> 27 << /PageSize [1417 2004] >> 4 << /PageSize [1224 1585] >> 63 << /PageSize [792 1224] >> 40 << /PageSize [612 936] >> 17 << /PageSize [210 297] >> 53 << /PageSize [1032 1460] >> 30 << /PageSize [499 709] >> 7 << /PageSize [2016 2880] >> 43 << /PageSize [2835 4008] >> 20 << /PageSize [648 864] >> 56 << /PageSize [363 516] >> 33 << /PageSize [1837 2599] >> 10 << /PageSize [73 105] >> 46 << /PageSize [1001 1417] >> 23 << /PageSize [1728 2592] >> 0 << /PageSize [612.0 792.0] >> >>
/Install {--.callinstall--}
/InstanceUUID ()
/IsDistiller true
/KeyLength 0
/LZWEncodePages false
/Margins [0.0 0.0]
/MaxClipPathSize 12000
/MaxInlineImageSize 4000
/MaxPatternBitmap 0
/MaxSeparations 3
/MaxShadingBitmapSize 256000
/MaxSubsetPct 100
/MaxViewerMemorySize -1
/MonoImageDepth -1
/MonoImageDict << /K -1 >>
/MonoImageDownsampleThreshold 1.5
/MonoImageDownsampleType /Subsample
/MonoImageFilter /CCITTFaxEncode
/MonoImageResolution 300
/Name (pdfwrite)
/NeverEmbed [/Courier /Courier-Bold /Courier-Oblique /Courier-BoldOblique /Helvetica /Helvetica-Bold /Helvetica-Oblique /Helvetica-BoldOblique /Times-Roman /Times-Bold /Times-Italic /Times-BoldItalic /Symbol /ZapfDingbats]
/NoEncrypt ()
/NoT3CCITT false
/NumCopies null
/OPM 1
/OffOptimizations 0
/Optimize false                      [*]
/OutputAttributes << 0 << >> >>
/OutputDevice /pdfwrite
/OutputFile (/dev/null)
/OutputICCProfile (default_rgb.icc)
/OwnerPassword ()
/PDFA 0
/PDFACompatibilityPolicy 0
/PDFEndPage -1
/PDFStartPage 1
/PDFX false
/PDFXBleedBoxToTrimBoxOffset [0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
/PDFXSetBleedBoxToMediaBox true
/PDFXTrimBoxToMediaBoxOffset [0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
/PageCount 0
/PageDeviceName null
/PageOffset [0 0]
/PageSize [612.0 792.0]
/ParseDSCComments true
/ParseDSCCommentsForDocInfo true
/PatternImagemask false
/Permissions -4
/Policies << /PolicyReport {--dup-- /.LockSafetyParams --known-- {/setpagedevice --.systemvar-- /invalidaccess signalerror} --if-- --pop--} /PageSize 0 /PolicyNotFound 1 >>
/PreserveCopyPage true               [*]
/PreserveDeviceN true
/PreserveEPSInfo true                [*]
/PreserveHalftoneInfo false          [*]
/PreserveOPIComments true            [*]
/PreserveOverprintSettings true
/PreserveSMask true
/PreserveSeparation true
/PreserveTrMode true
/PrintStatistics false
/ProcessColorModel /DeviceRGB
/ProduceDSC true
/ProofProfile ()
/ReAssignCharacters true
/ReEncodeCharacters true
/RedValues 256
/RenderIntent 0
/RotatePages false
/SeparationColorNames []
/Separations false
/SetPageSize false
/SubsetFonts true
/TextAlphaBits 1
/TextICCProfile ()
/TextIntent 0
/TransferFunctionInfo /Preserve
/UCRandBGInfo /Preserve
/UseCIEColor false
/UseFastColor false
/UseFlateCompression true
/UsePrologue false                   [*]
/UserPassword ()
/WantsToUnicode true
/sRGBProfile (None)                  [*]

[*] 笔记:

根据官方文档,目前Ghostscript上的以下设置(Adobe Acrobat Distiller支持)是可以设置和查询的,但是设置并没有效果:

  • /AntiAliasColorImages
  • /AntiAliasGrayImages
  • /AntiAliasMonoImages
  • /AutoPositionEPSFiles
  • /Binding
  • /CalCMYKProfile
  • /CalGrayProfile
  • /CalRGBKProfile
  • /CannotEmbedFontPolicy
  • /ConvertImagesToIndexed
  • /CreateJobTicket
  • /DetectBlends
  • /DoThumbnails
  • /EmitDSCWarnings
  • /EndPage
  • /ImageMemory
  • /LockDistillerParams
  • /Optimize
  • /PreserveCopyPage
  • /PreserveEPSInfo
  • /PreserveHalftoneInfo
  • /PreserveOPIComments
  • /sRGBProfile
  • /StartPage
  • /UsePrologue
于 2012-06-12T18:08:46.193 回答