147

我对我的数据库进行了一些修改，我需要将旧数据迁移到新表中。为此，我需要填写一个表格 (ReportOptions)，从原始表格 (Practice) 中获取数据，并填写第二个中间表格 (PracticeReportOption)。

ReportOption (ReportOptionId int PK, field1, field2...)
Practice (PracticeId int PK, field1, field2...)
PracticeReportOption (PracticeReportOptionId int PK, PracticeId int FK, ReportOptionId int FK, field1, field2...)

我进行了查询以获取从 Practice 移动到 ReportOptions 所需的所有数据，但我无法填充中间表

--Auxiliary tables
DECLARE @ReportOption TABLE (PracticeId int /*This field is not on the actual ReportOption table*/, field1, field2...)
DECLARE @PracticeReportOption TABLE (PracticeId int, ReportOptionId int, field1, field2)

--First I get all the data I need to move
INSERT INTO @ReportOption
SELECT P.practiceId, field1, field2...
  FROM Practice P

--I insert it into the new table, but somehow I need to have the repation PracticeId / ReportOptionId
INSERT INTO ReportOption (field1, field2...)
OUTPUT @ReportOption.PracticeId, --> this is the field I don't know how to get
       inserted.ReportOptionId
  INTO @PracticeReportOption (PracticeId, ReportOptionId)
SELECT field1, field2
  FROM @ReportOption

--This would insert the relationship, If I knew how to get it!
INSERT INTO @PracticeReportOption (PracticeId, ReportOptionId)
SELECT PracticeId, ReportOptionId
  FROM @ReportOption

如果我可以在 OUTPUT 子句中引用不在目标表上的字段，那就太好了（我想我不能，但我不确定）。关于如何满足我的需求的任何想法？

4

2 回答 2

221

您可以通过使用MERGE而不是插入来做到这一点：

所以替换这个

INSERT INTO ReportOption (field1, field2...)
OUTPUT @ReportOption.PracticeId, --> this is the field I don't know how to get
       inserted.ReportOptionId
  INTO @PracticeReportOption (PracticeId, ReportOptionId)
SELECT field1, field2
  FROM @ReportOption

和

MERGE INTO ReportOption USING @ReportOption AS temp ON 1 = 0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
    INSERT (field1, field2)
    VALUES (temp.Field1, temp.Field2)
    OUTPUT temp.PracticeId, inserted.ReportOptionId, inserted.Field1, inserted.Field2
    INTO @PracticeReportOption (PracticeId, ReportOptionId, Field1, Field2);

关键是在合并搜索条件中使用永远不会为真 (1 = 0) 的谓词，因此您将始终执行插入，但可以访问源表和目标表中的字段。

这是我用来测试它的整个代码：

CREATE TABLE ReportOption (ReportOptionID INT IDENTITY(1, 1), Field1 INT, Field2 INT)
CREATE TABLE Practice (PracticeID INT IDENTITY(1, 1), Field1 INT, Field2 INT)
CREATE TABLE PracticeReportOption (PracticeReportOptionID INT IDENTITY(1, 1), PracticeID INT, ReportOptionID INT, Field1 INT, Field2 INT)

INSERT INTO Practice VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)


MERGE INTO ReportOption r USING Practice p ON 1 = 0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
    INSERT (field1, field2)
    VALUES (p.Field1, p.Field2)
    OUTPUT p.PracticeId, inserted.ReportOptionId, inserted.Field1, inserted.Field2
    INTO PracticeReportOption (PracticeId, ReportOptionId, Field1, Field2);

SELECT  *
FROM    PracticeReportOption

DROP TABLE ReportOption
DROP TABLE Practice
DROP TABLE PracticeReportOption

更多阅读，我所知道的关于这个主题的所有信息的来源是这里

于 2012-06-08T14:07:03.087 回答
16

也许使用MS SQL Server 2005 或更低版本的人会发现这个答案很有用。

MERGE 仅适用于 SQL Server 2008 或更高版本。为了休息，我找到了另一种解决方法，它可以让您创建某种映射表。

下面是 SQL 2005 的分辨率：

DECLARE @ReportOption TABLE (ReportOptionID INT IDENTITY(1, 1), Field1 INT, Field2 INT)
DECLARE @Practice TABLE(PracticeID INT IDENTITY(1, 1), Field1 INT, Field2 INT)
DECLARE @PracticeReportOption TABLE(PracticeReportOptionID INT IDENTITY(1, 1), PracticeID INT, ReportOptionID INT, Field1 INT, Field2 INT)

INSERT INTO @Practice (Field1, Field2) VALUES (1, 1)
INSERT INTO @Practice (Field1, Field2) VALUES (2, 2)
INSERT INTO @Practice (Field1, Field2) VALUES (3, 3)
INSERT INTO @Practice (Field1, Field2) VALUES (4, 4)

INSERT INTO @ReportOption (field1, field2)
    OUTPUT INSERTED.ReportOptionID, INSERTED.Field1, INSERTED.Field2 INTO @PracticeReportOption (ReportOptionID, Field1, Field2)
    SELECT Field1, Field2 FROM @Practice ORDER BY PracticeID ASC;


WITH CTE AS ( SELECT PracticeID, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY PracticeID ASC ) AS ROW FROM @Practice )
UPDATE M SET M.PracticeID = S.PracticeID 
    FROM @PracticeReportOption AS M
    JOIN CTE AS S ON S.ROW = M.PracticeReportOptionID

    SELECT * FROM @PracticeReportOption

主要技巧是我们用源表和目标表中的有序数据填充映射表两次。在此处了解更多详细信息：在 SQL Server 2005 中使用 OUTPUT 合并插入的数据

于 2014-04-24T09:59:50.453 回答