11

我对 Maven 很陌生，之前曾尝试学习过几次，并认为没有 Maven 会更好。现在，（不）幸运的是，我必须在我想贡献的项目中使用 Maven。我此时的问题是关于包装。我想制作一个包含所有依赖项的自包含（又名“胖”）jar，一位玩过 Maven 的同事帮我解决了 pom 文件。

我已经检查了他的 pom 文件，以及 SO 上的示例。xml 看起来合法，但插件根本没有运行。请注意，我没有收到任何错误，一切都很好，除了我没有收到“fatjar”。有什么想法可能是导致此问题的原因吗？

以下是 pom.xml 的相关部分。我已经看到关于定位<configuration>和<executions>标签的相互矛盾的代码示例，几乎尝试了我发现的所有变体，仍然没有乐趣。

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.3</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
        <id>make-jar-with-dependencies</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
        <phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
        <goals>
            <goal>single</goal>
        </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <finalName>ProjectName</finalName>
    <appendAssemblyId>true</appendAssemblyId>
    <descriptorRefs>
      <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
    </descriptorRefs>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>org.mydomain.ProjectName</mainClass>
        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

Edit_1 @khmarbaisemvn clean package要求的控制台输出

[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.4.1:clean (default-clean) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Deleting /home/user/workspace/project/target
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ myproject ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 41 resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ myproject ---
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 292 source files to /home/user/workspace/project/target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/user/workspace/project/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) @ myproject ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] Surefire report directory: /home/user/workspace/project/target/surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Results :
Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.3.2:jar (default-jar) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Building jar: /home/user/workspace/project/target/myproject-2.0.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 12.210s
[INFO] Finished at: Thu Jun 07 11:45:14 CEST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 18M/184M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
4

5 回答 5

29

我建议使用maven-shade-plugin创建一个 uberjar ，因为它的意图正是这个目的。您也可以使用 maven-assembly-plugin 来做到这一点。

So after taking a look into your pom i understand the problem. First you defined the maven-assembly-plugin in the pluginManagement block which will NOT execute a plugin furthermore you have defined the maven-assembly-plugin as a dependency separately which is superfluous. Which means simply remove the following from your pom:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
   <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
   <version>2.3</version>
   <type>maven-plugin</type>
</dependency>

You should define the maven-assembler-plugin like this:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            ...all your configuration here..
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Furthermore i've seen many repository definition which should be handled by repository manager instead. About the repositories in your pom i can recommend reading the sonatype information furthermore you should think about some else will use the project behind a proxy etc. than he has to change you pom to get i working or can't use it cause you defined repositories in your pom he can't reach.

于 2012-06-07T09:35:19.677 回答
6

I had one other view on this problem, that helped me to resolve the %subj%. If you dig the articles about how to make executable jar and jar with dependencies, they usually provide code snippets, that a newbie tries to copy paste to their pom.xml. Those, that do not know much about the actual structure of pom.xml file (aka me) it is quite difficult task. I ended with this (not working) solution:

 <project>
  ......

 <build>
   <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.0</version>
          <configuration>
            ............
          </configuration>

          <executions>
            ..............
          </executions>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

If you know what pluginManagement does, you would not do the same mistake. But for me it was a big unknown and if you never used parent projects, make sure you do not fall into the same trap. With some adjustments here is a working maven-assembly-plugin setup (with the right context in pom.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.blah.blah</groupId>
  <artifactId>some-artifact</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <dependencies>
   ...
  </dependencies>

  <build>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.0</version>
          <configuration>
            <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId> <!-- nicer looking jar name -->
            <archive>
              <manifest>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <mainClass>com.blah.blah.YourMainClass</mainClass>
              </manifest>
            </archive>
            <descriptorRefs>
              <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
            </descriptorRefs>
          </configuration>

          <executions>
            <execution>
              <id>make-assembly</id> 
              <phase>package</phase>
              <goals>
                <goal>single</goal>
              </goals>
            </execution>
          </executions>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
  </build>
</project>
于 2020-02-20T13:43:02.170 回答
3

I want to offer one more suggestion of an error that I had: My xml looked like this:

<plugins>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.maven...</groupId>
        <artifactId>myArtifact</artifact>
        <configuration>
            <descriptorRefs>....</descriptorRefs>
            ...
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    ....
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </configuration>
    </plugin>
</plugins>

Whereas the <executions> block should be a sibling of the <configuration> block, not a child. Soon as I fixed that, my plugin started executing within my build again.

于 2012-11-27T04:17:27.853 回答
1

Maybe you can use the shade plugin instead (that's the one I use).

Note the dependencies are included in the final JAR.

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
            <configuration>
                <finalName>standalone-${artifactId}</finalName>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <mainClass>com.mypckg.Launcher</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Regards

于 2012-06-07T10:07:52.613 回答
0

the dependency looks like

    <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <descriptors>
                    <descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
                </descriptors>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>attached</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
    </plugin>

also you need to define a assembly.xml , here is a example 

<assembly>
    <formats>
        <format>zip</format>
    </formats>
    <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
    <dependencySets>
        <dependencySet>
            <outputDirectory>/lib</outputDirectory>
        </dependencySet>
    </dependencySets>
    <fileSets>
        <!-- move all the .jar from target to /lib -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>target</directory>
            <outputDirectory>/lib</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>*.jar</include>
            </includes>
            <!--  include *.jar places the same version of >App.jar
            twice in the lib, we need remove one -->
            <excludes>
                <exclude>App*.jar</exclude>
            </excludes>

        </fileSet>
        <!-- move .bat from scripts to /scripts -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>src/main/assembly/scripts</directory>
            <outputDirectory>/bin</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>*.bat</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>
    </fileSets>
</assembly>
于 2012-06-07T09:45:27.963 回答