我想从给定的分数表达式中提取标记,该表达式作为字符串传递,
Fraction s("-5 * 7/27");
提取的标记包含单个运算符或数字序列作为操作数,仅使用 stl 容器。
有人可以指导我这样做吗?我想知道如何提取标记并将操作数与运算符区分开来,谢谢。
假设令牌之间总是有空格,下面是如何将它们全部放入队列中:
#include <string>
#include <queue>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
stringstream formula("-5 * 7/27");
string a_token;
queue<string> tokens;
// Use getline to extract the tokens, and then push them onto the queue.
while (getline(formula, a_token, ' ')) {
tokens.push( a_token );
}
// Print and pop each token.
while (tokens.empty() == false) {
cout << tokens.front() << endl;
tokens.pop();
}
}
运行程序会输出:
-5
*
7/27
现在要确定哪些是运算符、数字或分数,您可以在循环中执行以下操作:
if (a_token == "+" || a_token == "-" || a_token == "*" || a_token == "/")
{
// It's an operator
cout << "Operator: " << a_token << endl;
}
else
{
// Else it's a number or a fraction.
// Now try find a slash '/'.
size_t slash_pos = a_token.find('/');
// If we found one, it's a fraction.
if (slash_pos != string::npos) {
// So break it into A / B parts.
// From the start to before the slash.
string A = a_token.substr(0, slash_pos);
// From after the slash to the end.
string B = a_token.substr(slash_pos + 1);
cout << "Fraction: " << A << " over " << B << endl;
}
else
{
// Else it's just a number, not a fraction.
cout << "Number: " << a_token << endl;
}
}
该网站:http ://www.cplusplus.com/reference/string/string/将为您提供有关字符串函数的信息。
修改代码并再次运行后,您将获得如下输出:
Number: -5
Operator: *
Fraction: 7 over 27