我遇到了这个 Postgres 问题,如果我使用参数而不是在查询字符串上硬编码其值,则执行相同的查询需要很长时间。列名是“media_type”,它是一个 VARCHAR(20)。我使用 Symfony2 和 Doctrine2 ORM 从 PHP 运行这些查询,并且有问题的表有大约 1.000.000 条记录。
我的查询有问题吗?会不会是 Postgres 配置问题?
1 - media_type 的硬编码值
duration: 5.365 ms parse pdo_stmt_00000001: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = 'Collection' AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $1 AND user_id = $2 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4
duration: 0.142 ms bind pdo_stmt_00000001: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = 'Collection' AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $1 AND user_id = $2 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4
parameters: $1 = '1', $2 = '1', $3 = '100', $4 = '0'
duration: 8.667 ms execute pdo_stmt_00000001: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = 'Collection' AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $1 AND user_id = $2 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4
parameters: $1 = '1', $2 = '1', $3 = '100', $4 = '0'
执行计划:
duration: 8.640 ms plan:
Query Text: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = 'Collection' AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $1 AND user_id = $2 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4
Limit (cost=8.38..8.38 rows=1 width=12) (actual time=8.516..8.595 rows=24 loops=1)
Buffers: shared hit=10 read=15
-> Sort (cost=8.38..8.38 rows=1 width=12) (actual time=8.505..8.530 rows=24 loops=1)
Sort Key: id
Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 26kB
Buffers: shared hit=10 read=15
-> Index Scan using item_media_type_index on item (cost=0.00..8.37 rows=1 width=12) (actual time=7.955..8.397 rows=24 loops=1)
Index Cond: ((media_type)::text = 'Collection'::text)
Filter: (enabled AND (site_id = $1) AND (user_id = $2))
Buffers: shared hit=8 read=15
2 - 使用 media_type 的参数(SLOWER)
duration: 5.557 ms parse pdo_stmt_00000001: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = $1 AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $2 AND user_id = $3 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $4 OFFSET $5
duration: 1.322 ms bind pdo_stmt_00000001: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = $1 AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $2 AND user_id = $3 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $4 OFFSET $5
parameters: $1 = 'Collection', $2 = '1', $3 = '1', $4 = '100', $5 = '0'
duration: 71564.998 ms execute pdo_stmt_00000001: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = $1 AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $2 AND user_id = $3 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $4 OFFSET $5
parameters: $1 = 'Collection', $2 = '1', $3 = '1', $4 = '100', $5 = '0'
执行计划:
duration: 71564.922 ms plan:
Query Text: SELECT id,site_id FROM item where media_type = $1 AND enabled = 'true' AND site_id = $2 AND user_id = $3 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT $4 OFFSET $5
Limit (cost=90663.16..181326.31 rows=17184 width=12) (actual time=3.667..71564.864 rows=24 loops=1)
Buffers: shared hit=183786 read=96585
-> Index Scan Backward using item_pkey on item (cost=0.00..906610.46 rows=171836 width=12) (actual time=3.655..71564.798 rows=24 loops=1)
Filter: (enabled AND ((media_type)::text = $1) AND (site_id = $2) AND (user_id = $3))
Buffers: shared hit=183786 read=96585
提前致谢。