我需要在字典中的特定键和项目对之后添加一个项目。与 add 成员在集合中允许的行为基本相同：（Collection.Add (item [,key] [,before] [,after])
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5
没有允许这样做的 Dictionary 对象的内置方法。这是一个快速滚动自己的方法。这将具体完成您的要求，但修改起来应该很简单：
Function DictAdd(StartingDict As Dictionary, Key, Item, AfterKey) As Dictionary
Dim DictKey As Variant
Set DictAdd = New Dictionary
For Each DictKey In StartingDict
DictAdd.Add DictKey, StartingDict(DictKey)
If DictKey = AfterKey Then DictAdd.Add Key, Item
Next DictKey
End Function
并测试它运行以下过程：
Sub TestDictAdd()
Dim MyDict As New Dictionary, DictKey As Variant
MyDict.Add "A", "Alpha"
MyDict.Add "C", "Charlie"
Set MyDict = DictAdd(MyDict, "B", "Bravo", "A")
For Each DictKey In MyDict
Debug.Print DictKey, MyDict(DictKey)
Next DictKey
End Sub
这只是为了让你开始。如果我自己这样做，我可能会创建自己的自定义类来使用并创建自定义 Add 方法而不是使用函数。我还将进行以下改进：
- 添加错误处理
- 使 AfterKey 成为可选参数
- 添加 BeforeKey 作为可选参数
于 2012-05-28T19:55:53.097 回答
1
像这样？
Option Explicit
Sub Sample()
Dim Dict As Dictionary
Dim itm As Variant
Set Dict = New Dictionary
Dict.Add "MyKey1", "Hello"
Dict.Add "MyKey2", "This"
Dict.Add "MyKey3", "is"
Dict.Add "MyKey4", "Example"
'~~> USAGE: Dictionaty Object, Key, Text, Position
Additem Dict, "MyKey5", "An", 3
For Each itm In Dict
Debug.Print itm & " - " & Dict(itm)
Next
End Sub
Function Additem(ByRef D As Dictionary, ky As Variant, itm As Variant, pos As Long)
Dim kyAr() As Variant, itmAr() As Variant
Dim temp1() As Variant, temp2() As Variant
Dim i As Long
kyAr = D.Keys: itmAr = D.Items
ReDim temp1(UBound(kyAr) + 1)
ReDim temp2(UBound(itmAr) + 1)
For i = 0 To pos - 1
temp1(i) = kyAr(i): temp2(i) = itmAr(i)
Next
temp1(pos) = ky: temp2(pos) = itm
For i = pos + 1 To UBound(temp1)
temp1(i) = kyAr(i - 1): temp2(i) = itmAr(i - 1)
Next
ReDim kyAr(0): ReDim itmAr(0)
kyAr() = temp1(): itmAr() = temp2()
D.RemoveAll
For i = LBound(kyAr) To UBound(kyAr)
D.Add kyAr(i), itmAr(i)
Next i
End Function
输出
前
MyKey1 - Hello
MyKey2 - This
MyKey3 - is
MyKey4 - Example
后
MyKey1 - Hello
MyKey2 - This
MyKey3 - is
MyKey5 - An
MyKey4 - Example
于 2012-05-28T19:57:20.943 回答
1
我没有在字典包含所有项目时对它进行排序，而是实现了一个名为 DctAdd 的小程序，它在添加项目时立即对键进行排序。假设键是vAdd，项目是vItem，类型variant 和要排序的字典都是dct。所以而不是：
dct.Add vAdd, vItem
我用：
DctAdd dct, vItem, vAdd, dam_sortasc
对于性能，我只包括了一些基本测试，因为在我的项目中使用它时我发现它已经足够了。
要使用 DctAdd，必须将以下内容复制到相关模块的声明部分：
' Just for the performance time measurement -----------------------------
Private Declare Function GetTime Lib "winmm.dll" Alias "timeGetTime" () As Long
' For the execution mode of DctAdd --------------------------------------
' (may be extended to also cover insert before and after)
Public Enum enAddInsertMode
dam_sortasc = 1
dam_sortdesc = 2
End Enum
以下代码可以复制到任何标准或类模块： 请注意，插入之前/之后尚未实现，但添加时间不会太长。
Public Sub DctAdd(ByRef dct As Scripting.Dictionary, _
ByVal vItem As Variant, _
ByVal vAdd As Variant, _
ByVal lMode As enAddInsertMode)
' ----------------------------------------------------------------------
' Add to the Dictionary dct the item vItem with vAdd as the key,
' sorted in ascending or descending order.
'
' If the vAdd key already exists, adding it will be skipped without
' an error. A not existing dictionary is established with the first add
'
' W. Rauschenberger, warbe@cogip.de, Berlin, Feb 2015
' ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dim i As Long
Dim dctTemp As Scripting.Dictionary
Dim vTempKey As Variant
Dim bAdd As Boolean
If dct Is Nothing Then Set dct = New Dictionary
With dct
If .count = 0 Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
Exit Sub
Else
' -----------------------------------------------------------
' The can maybee added directly after the last key
' -----------------------------------------------------------
vTempKey = .Keys()(.count - 1) ' Get the very last key
Select Case lMode
Case dam_sortasc
If vAdd > vTempKey Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
Exit Sub ' Done!
End If
Case dam_sortdesc
If vAdd < vTempKey Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
Exit Sub ' Done!
End If
End Select
End If
End With
' -----------------------------------------------------------------
' Since the new key could not simply be added to the dct it must be
' added/inserted somewhere in between or before the very first key
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
Set dctTemp = New Dictionary
bAdd = True
For Each vTempKey In dct
With dctTemp
If bAdd Then ' When the new item has yet not been added
Select Case lMode
Case dam_sortasc
If vTempKey > vAdd Then
If Not dct.Exists(vAdd) Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
End If
bAdd = False ' Add done
End If
Case dam_sortdesc
If vTempKey < vAdd Then
If Not dct.Exists(vAdd) Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
End If
bAdd = False ' Add done
End If
End Select
End If
.Add vTempKey, dct.Item(vTempKey)
End With
Next vTempKey
' ------------------------------------
Set dct = dctTemp ' Return the temporary dictionary with
Set dctTemp = Nothing ' the added new item
Exit Sub ' ------------------------------------
on_error:
Debug.Print "Error in 'DctAdd'!"
End Sub
这是我用来测试的：
Public Sub Testdct1Add()
Dim dct1 As Scripting.Dictionary
Dim dct2 As Scripting.Dictionary
Dim i As Long
Dim lStart As Long
Dim lAdd As Long
Dim vKey As Variant
' -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Test ascending order"
' Add sorted ascending with the key provided in the reverse order
Set dct1 = Nothing
For i = 10 To 1 Step -1
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
' Show the result and wait ----------------
For Each vKey In dct1
Debug.Print vKey & " " & dct1.Item(vKey)
Next vKey
Stop
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Test descending order"
' Add sorted ascending with the key provided in the reverse order
Set dct1 = Nothing
For i = 1 To 10
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortdesc
Next i
' Show the result and wait ----------------
For Each vKey In dct1
Debug.Print vKey & " " & dct1.Item(vKey)
Next vKey
Stop
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
lAdd = 500
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Test a best case scenario by adding " & _
vbLf & lAdd & " items in the desired sort order"
Set dct1 = Nothing
lStart = GetTime
For i = 1 To lAdd
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
Debug.Print "Adding " & dct1.count & " items in the target " & _
vbLf & "sort order = " & GetTime - lStart & " ms"
Stop
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
lAdd = 500
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Worst case scenarion test by adding " & _
vbLf & lAdd & " items in the reverse sort order"
Set dct1 = Nothing
lStart = GetTime
For i = lAdd To 1 Step -1
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
Debug.Print "Adding " & dct1.count & " items, 4 out of " & vbLf & _
"order = " & GetTime - lStart & " ms"
Stop
' -----------------------------------------------------------------
lAdd = 1000
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Worst case scenarion test by adding " & _
vbLf & lAdd & " items in the reverse sort order"
Set dct1 = Nothing
lStart = GetTime
For i = lAdd To 1 Step -1
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
Debug.Print "Adding " & dct1.count & " items:" & vbLf & _
GetTime - lStart & " ms"
Stop
' -----------------------------------------------------------------
' Example for using dctAdd to sort any dictionary. The item if dct2
' are temporarily added sorted ascending to the dct1 and finally set
' to dct2
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Used to sort another Dictionary (dct2)"
Set dct2 = New Dictionary
dct2.Add "F", 1
dct2.Add "A", 2
dct2.Add "C", 3
dct2.Add "H", 4
dct2.Add "D", 5
dct2.Add "E", 6
dct2.Add "G", 7
dct2.Add "B", 8
Set dct1 = Nothing
For Each vKey In dct2
DctAdd dct1, dct2(vKey), vKey, dam_sortasc
Next vKey
Set dct2 = dct1
' Show the result and wait ----------------
For Each vKey In dct2
Debug.Print "Key=" & vKey & ", Item=" & dct2.Item(vKey)
Next vKey
End Sub
于 2015-02-26T16:16:10.930 回答