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大家好，我在 python 中做了一个小任务，我需要做以下事情：我有像 /home/user/music、/home/user/photos 这样的目录，用户插入了类似的女巫，每个新文件夹都是级别所以我需要做的是创建一个接收数字的方法，然后打印该级别的每个文件夹。

到目前为止，我已经创建了列表，但我不知道如何计算通过键盘添加的字符串中的每个“/”并将它们存储起来，这样我就可以知道级别，然后将它们与数字进行比较程序收到。

如果有人能给我至少一些关于从哪里开始的基本想法，我将非常感激。提前致谢

我想做这样的事情（伪代码）

example of some strings:
/home/user/music
/home/user/photos
/home/user/research
/home/user/music/rock

n=raw_input
if n is equal to a specific amount of "/":
print "every string that has the same amount of "/"

到目前为止的完整代码

print "Please add paths"
l1=raw_input("> ")
l2=raw_input("> ")
while True:
        if l2 == "//":
            break
        else:
            l1=l1+"\n"
            l1=l1+l2
            l2=raw_input("> ")
l1=l1.split("\n")
print "Your paths are"
print "\n"
print "\n" .join(l1)
print "\n"
print l1[1].count("/")

while True:
    print "Choose an option "
    print "1. Amount of sub folders of a path"
    print "2. Amount of folders at a specified level"
    print "3. Max depth between all the folders"
    op=raw_input()
    if op == "1":
        print "Ingrese directorio"
        d=raw_input()
    if op == "2":
        print "Ingrese nivel"
        n=raw_input()
        compararnivel(n)

raw_input()
4

3 回答 3

2

如果您确定用户输入了整个路径名，并且没有相对路径等，您可以简单地使用str.count如下：

>>> str.count('/home/usr/music', '/')
3

但是，如果您确实需要操作路径以首先将它们变成完整路径格式，和/或进行路径验证，请查看os.path中提供的函数

好的，这是一些解释我的评论的代码：

  1. 您可以将 raw_input 数据添加到列表中，而不是将其加入字符串并将其拆分，如下所示：

    l1 = [] # This makes an empty list
l2 = raw_input("> ") # Do this statement in a loop if you like
l1.append(l2) # This appends l2 to the list

  2. while 循环可以更好地表示如下：

    while l2!='//':
  append l2 to the list
  prompt the user for more input

  3. 您应该在第二个 while 循环中添加一个结束条件，也许是通过添加一个要求用户退出的第四个提示

将所有这些放在一起，您会得到以下信息（请注意我的评论，它们应该对您有所帮助）

print "Please add paths, enter // to stop" # It is a good idea to tell the user how to stop the input process

l1 = [] # Create empty list
l2 = raw_input('> ') # Ideally, you should verify that the user entered a valid path (eg: are '/' allowed at the end of a path?)

while l2 != '//':
    l1.append(l2)
    l2 = raw_input('> ')

print "Your paths are: "
for path in l1:
    print path

# I am not sure what you are trying to achieve with "print l1[1].count("/")" so leaving it out

# I would suggest to print the options outside the loop, it's a matter of taste, 
# but do you really want to keep printing them out?
print "Choose an option: \n\
       1. Number of subfolders of path\n\
       2. Number of folders at a specific path\n\
       3. Max depth between all folders\n\
       4. Quit\n"

choice = raw_input('Enter choice: ')

while choice!='4':
    if choice == '1':
        path = raw_input('Which path are you looking for?')
            # Calculate and print the output here

    # This is the question you asked, so I am answering how to process this step    
    if choice == '2':
        level = raw_input('Which level? ') # Ideally, you should verify that the user indeed enters an int here

        # Since your python does not seem to be very advanced, let's use a simple for loop:
        num=0
        for path in l1:
            if str.count(path, '/')==int(level):
                num = num+1

        print 'Number of such paths is: ', num

    if choice == '3':
        print 'this is not yet implemented'
        # Do something

    choice = raw_input('Enter choice: ')
于 2012-05-27T14:11:38.817 回答
1

使用str.count(substring)，它计算一个序列在字符串中出现的次数。

paths = [
    '/home/user/music',
    '/home/user/photos',
    '/home/user/research',
    '/home/user/music/rock'
]

level = 3

wantedPaths = [path for path in paths if path.count('/') == level]
print wantedPaths
于 2012-05-27T14:00:10.573 回答
0

这应该可以帮助您：

strings = [
    '/home/user/music',
    '/home/user/photos',
    '/home/user/research',
    '/home/user/music/rock',
]

def slash_counter(n):
    return lambda x: x.count('/') == n

n = int(raw_input('Gimme n: '))

for path in filter(slash_counter(n), strings):
    print path
于 2012-05-27T14:20:41.277 回答