您应该像这样读取 json 数据:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
import json
content_len = int(os.environ["CONTENT_LENGTH"])
req_body = sys.stdin.read(content_len)
my_dict = json.loads(req_body)
使用以下代码,您可能会遇到问题:
myjson = json.load(sys.stdin)
或者写得不太简洁:
requ_body = sys.stdin.read()
my_dict = json.load(requ_body)
当我的 cgi 脚本在服务器上时,这确实apache
对我有用,但你不能指望它在一般情况下工作——正如我在我的 cgi 脚本在另一台服务器上时发现的那样。根据 cgi 规范:
RFC 3875 CGI Version 1.1 October 2004
4.2. Request Message-Body
Request data is accessed by the script in a system-defined method;
unless defined otherwise, this will be by reading the 'standard
input' file descriptor or file handle.
Request-Data = [ request-body ] [ extension-data ]
request-body = <CONTENT_LENGTH>OCTET
extension-data = *OCTET
A request-body is supplied with the request if the CONTENT_LENGTH is
not NULL. The server MUST make at least that many bytes available
for the script to read. The server MAY signal an end-of-file
condition after CONTENT_LENGTH bytes have been read or it MAY supply
extension data. Therefore, the script MUST NOT attempt to read more
than CONTENT_LENGTH bytes, even if more data is available. However,
it is not obliged to read any of the data.
关键线是:
脚本不得尝试读取超过 CONTENT_LENGTH 个字节,即使有更多数据可用。
显然,apache
在将请求正文发送到 cgi 脚本后立即向 cgi 脚本发送一个 eof 信号,这会导致sys.stdin.read()
返回。但是根据cgi规范,服务器不需要在请求体之后发送eof信号,我发现我的cgi脚本一直挂在sys.stdin.read()
--当我的脚本在另一台服务器上时,最终导致超时错误.
因此,为了在一般情况下读取 json 数据,您应该这样做:
content_len = int(os.environ["CONTENT_LENGTH"])
req_body = sys.stdin.read(content_len)
my_dict = json.loads(req_body)
服务器为cgi脚本设置了一堆环境变量,其中包含头信息,其中一个是CONTENT_LENGTH。
这是我使用时失败的 curl 请求的样子myjson = json.load(sys.stdin)
:
-v verbose output
-H specify one header
--data implicitly specifies a POST request
Note that curl automatically calculates a Content-Length header
for you.
~$ curl -v \
> -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
> --data '{"a": 1, "b": 2}' \
> http://localhost:65451/cgi-bin/1.py
* Trying ::1...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connection failed
* connect to ::1 port 65451 failed: Connection refused
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 65451 (#0)
> POST /cgi-bin/1.py HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:65451
> User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
> Accept: */*
> Content-Type: application/json
> Content-Length: 16
>
* upload completely sent off: 16 out of 16 bytes
=== hung here for about 5 seconds ====
< HTTP/1.1 504 Gateway Time-out
< Date: Thu, 08 Mar 2018 17:53:30 GMT
< Content-Type: text/html
< Server: inets/6.4.5
* no chunk, no close, no size. Assume close to signal end
<
* Closing connection 0