python - 在列表中进行所有可能的列表组合

Question

我已经找到了这个问题的几个答案，但这不是我打算做的。

当我有一个清单时：

[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]

我想拥有所有可能的组合：

[1,2,3],[7,8,9],[4,5,6]
[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]
[7,8,9],[4,5,6],[1,2,3]
....

但是在python中有一个简单的解决方案吗？

谢谢，是否也可以创建 1 个列表而不是 3 个，例如：[7,8,9,4,5,6,1,2,3]

Answer 1

itertools.permutations我想这就是你要找的东西。

>>> import itertools
>>> l = [1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]
>>> list(itertools.permutations(l, len(l)))
[([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]), 
  ([1, 2, 3], [7, 8, 9], [4, 5, 6]),
  ([4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3], [7, 8, 9]), 
  ([4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [1, 2, 3]),
  ([7, 8, 9], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]),
  ([7, 8, 9], [4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3])]

并合并在一起：

>>> [list(itertools.chain(*x)) for x in itertools.permutations(l, len(l))]

[[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], 
[1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 4, 5, 6], 
[4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9], 
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3], 
[7, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
[7, 8, 9, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3]]

Answer 2

>>> from itertools import permutations
>>> a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
>>> for permu in permutations(a,3):
...   print permu
...
([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9])
([1, 2, 3], [7, 8, 9], [4, 5, 6])
([4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3], [7, 8, 9])
([4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [1, 2, 3])
([7, 8, 9], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
([7, 8, 9], [4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3])

组合列表使用reduce：

>>> a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
>>> for permu in permutations(a,3):
...   print reduce(lambda x,y: x+y,permu,[])
...
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
[1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 4, 5, 6]
[4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9]
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3]
[7, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[7, 8, 9, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3]

Answer 3

在 Python2.7 中，您不需要指定排列的长度

>>> T=[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]
>>> from itertools import permutations
>>> list(permutations(T))
[([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]), ([1, 2, 3], [7, 8, 9], [4, 5, 6]), ([4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3], [7, 8, 9]), ([4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [1, 2, 3]), ([7, 8, 9], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]), ([7, 8, 9], [4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3])]