与 Roger 相同的解决方案,但在 DbContext 上使用了静态构造函数。下面的完整代码......这允许初始化代码存在于类本身上,并在 DataDbContext 类的第一次实例化时自行调用。
public partial class DataDbContext : DbContext
{
public DataDbContext()
: base("name=DefaultConnection")
{
}
static DataDbContext() // This is an enhancement to Roger's answer
{
Database.SetInitializer(new DataDbInitializer());
var configuration = new DataDbConfiguration();
var migrator = new DbMigrator(configuration);
if (migrator.GetPendingMigrations().Any())
migrator.Update();
}
// DbSet's
public DbSet<CountryRegion> CountryRegion { get; set; }
// bla bla bla.....
protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();
modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<ManyToManyCascadeDeleteConvention>();
modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<OneToManyCascadeDeleteConvention>();
Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = false;
Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
//Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = false;
base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
modelBuilder.Configurations.AddFromAssembly(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()); // Discover and apply all EntityTypeConfiguration<TEntity> of this assembly, it will discover (*)
}
}
internal sealed class DataDbInitializer : MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<DataDbContext, DataDbConfiguration>
{
}
internal sealed class DataDbConfiguration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<DataDbContext>
{
public DataDbConfiguration()
{
AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
}
protected override void Seed(DataDbContext context)
{
DataSeedInitializer.Seed(context);
base.Seed(context);
}
}
internal static class DataSeedInitializer
{
public static void Seed(DataDbContext context)
{
SeedCountryRegion.Seed(context);
// bla bla bla.....
context.SaveChanges();
}
}
internal static class SeedCountryRegion
{
public static void Seed(DataDbContext context)
{
context.CountryRegion.AddOrUpdate(countryRegion => countryRegion.Id,
new CountryRegion { Id = "AF", Name = "Afghanistan" },
new CountryRegion { Id = "AL", Name = "Albania" },
// bla bla bla.....
new CountryRegion { Id = "ZW", Name = "Zimbabwe" });
context.SaveChanges();
}
}
public class CountryRegionConfiguration : EntityTypeConfiguration<CountryRegion> // (*) Discovered by
{
public CountryRegionConfiguration()
{
Property(e => e.Id)
.IsRequired()
.HasMaxLength(3);
Property(e => e.Name)
.IsRequired()
.HasMaxLength(50);
}
}
public partial class CountryRegion : IEntity<string>
{
// Primary key
public string Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
public abstract class Entity<T> : IEntity<T>
{
//Primary key
public abstract T Id { get; set; }
}
public interface IEntity<T>
{
T Id { get; set; }
}
我们可以看到 Seed 方法一次又一次地运行.. 我们可以通过检查迁移是否已经退出来避免这种情况,因为在创建数据库时会自动应用迁移.. 然后我们可以重构 DataDbConfiguration 如下...
internal sealed class DataDbConfiguration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<DataDbContext>
{
private readonly bool _isInitialized;
public DataDbConfiguration()
{
AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
var migrator = new DbMigrator(this);
_isInitialized = migrator.GetDatabaseMigrations().Any();
}
protected override void Seed(DataDbContext context)
{
InitializeDatabase(context);
}
public void InitializeDatabase(DataDbContext context)
{
if (!_isInitialized)
{
if (context.Database.Connection.ConnectionString.Contains("localdb"))
{
DataSeedInitializer.Seed(context); // Seed Initial Test Data
}
else
{
// Do Seed Initial Production Data here
}
}
else
{
// Do any recurrent Seed here
}
}
}