编辑好-我抓起一个设备，然后..猜猜是什么...它显示正确？有谁知道为什么这只会在模拟器上发生？谢谢你。
我正在尝试在 Android 上使用 glDrawElements 绘制对象。我正在使用下面的代码来读取我的顶点和索引数据，然后在我的渲染方法中绘制对象。我在模拟器而不是真实设备上测试这个。
这是我的场景对象代码：
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.nio.IntBuffer;
import java.nio.ShortBuffer;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
public class SceneObject {
public FloatBuffer mVertexBuffer;
public FloatBuffer mTextureBuffer;
public ShortBuffer indexBuffer;
public FloatBuffer mMatriceBuffer;
public FloatBuffer mPivotBuffer;
public short[] indicesTest = {0,1,2,3,4,5,3,5,6,7,5,8,7,8,9,10,7,9,11,10,9,12,1,0,13,12,14,15,13,14,14,10,11,15,14,11,0,14,12,16,17,18,19,16,18,18,20,19,21,16,19,22,21,19,22,19,23,4,24,25,25,26,27,25,27,28,4,25,28,5,4,28,5,28,8,29,30,31,29,31,19,29,19,20,32,33,31,32,31,30,32,34,33,35,22,23,36,35,23,37,36,23,37,23,38,39,37,38,40,39,38,41,40,38,41,38,1,42,41,1,12,43,1,42,1,43,17,27,26,26,18,17,44,45,46,46,47,44,48,49,50,51,52,53,53,54,51,55,51,54,54,56,55,57,48,50,50,58,57,52,59,60,60,53,52,59,44,47,47,60,59,61,62,63,63,64,61,65,66,67,67,68,65,69,70,71,71,72,69,66,69,72,72,67,66,73,65,68,68,74,73,70,75,76,76,71,70,75,61,64,64,76,75,77,78,79,79,80,77,81,82,62,62,61,81,83,81,61,61,75,83,84,63,62,62,82,84,63,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,87,87,86,92,94,95,96,96,97,94,98,99,100,100,101,98,102,103,104,104,105,102,106,107,108,108,109,106,110,111,112,78,77,113,114,115,78,112,111,116,117,118,115,119,116,120,121,122,123,123,124,121,125,126,127,127,128,125,129,130,131,132,133,5,5,133,6,5,134,135,135,134,136,134,137,136,137,138,136,129,139,130,139,140,141,140,142,141,137,141,138,141,142,138,141,130,139,143,144,145,144,146,145,147,145,146,144,148,146,148,149,146,146,149,150,151,132,152,153,152,154,154,152,155,152,132,155,132,5,155,155,5,135,156,157,158,158,157,146,146,157,147,159,160,158,158,160,156,34,160,159,149,161,150,161,162,150,162,163,150,150,163,164,163,165,164,165,166,164,166,167,164,164,167,129,167,168,129,169,139,129,129,168,169,154,143,153,145,153,143,170,171,172,173,172,171,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,179,178,178,181,180,182,180,181,175,183,176,184,176,183,185,177,186,179,186,177,171,185,173,186,173,185,187,188,189,190,189,188,191,192,193,194,193,192,195,196,197,198,197,196,196,191,198,193,198,191,192,199,194,200,194,199,201,195,202,197,202,195,188,201,190,202,190,201,203,204,205,206,205,204,207,208,187,188,187,208,208,209,188,201,188,209,189,210,187,207,187,210,210,189,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,220,221,220,219,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,230,229,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,123,244,124,245,246,203,204,203,246,247,248,203,249,250,251,252,253,247,248,247,253,159,33,34,254,255,256,256,257,254,255,244,123,123,256,255,244,258,121,121,124,244,259,260,125,125,128,259};
public float[] verticeTest = {20360.8f,20679.5f,611.547f,24248.7f,13527f,1074.93f,24207.4f,23005.5f,1503.19f,9819.59f,14845.7f,8.81875f,11126.3f,13982.2f,32.0718f,8379.01f,17678.5f,0.00115749f,8379.01f,15141.6f,0.00111471f,12137.8f,17973.8f,60.0461f,14591.9f,14509.2f,164.113f,15621.5f,15846.6f,223.075f,15136.7f,18549.5f,194.186f,16918.2f,16705.3f,310.215f,21081.8f,15846.6f,687.576f,19789f,16705.3f,554.435f,18467.9f,19868.7f,433.258f,18354.3f,17001.2f,423.539f,14591.9f,7402.34f,164.113f,13930.5f,9087.62f,131.015f,13039.7f,9096.18f,92.3283f,19110.4f,-8011.43f,490.311f,12811.7f,7228.03f,83.5128f,15621.5f,6064.9f,223.074f,16918.2f,5206.21f,310.215f,21807.5f,-426.492f,768.658f,11221.5f,13854f,34.3347f,12150f,12649.6f,60.4329f,12811.7f,10964.3f,83.513f,13702.6f,10955.8f,120.472f,13930.5f,12823.9f,131.015f,12150f,5542.76f,60.4327f,11119f,4205.31f,31.902f,15341.7f,-15792.9f,206.155f,9819.59f,3346.62f,8.81857f,10735.6f,-21752.5f,23.5976f,8379.01f,3050.73f,0.000981022f,18354.3f,4910.32f,423.538f,19789f,5206.21f,554.434f,21081.8f,6064.9f,687.576f,23336.1f,6399.27f,954.364f,22106.6f,7402.34f,803.393f,22764f,9087.62f,882.485f,22990.5f,10955.8f,910.595f,22764f,12823.9f,882.485f,22106.6f,14509.2f,803.393f,24248.7f,8492.36f,-3249.03f,24207.4f,17415.3f,-3297.97f,24207.4f,23005.5f,1503.19f,24248.7f,13527f,1074.93f,12728.3f,-24463.4f,-4243.56f,15341.7f,-20827.5f,-4117.81f,15341.7f,-15792.9f,206.155f,19110.4f,-13046f,-3833.65f,21807.5f,-5461.09f,-3555.3f,21807.5f,-426.492f,768.658f,19110.4f,-8011.43f,490.311f,15341.7f,-20827.5f,-4117.81f,15341.7f,-15792.9f,206.155f,10735.6f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,10735.6f,-21752.5f,23.5976f,23336.1f,1364.68f,-3369.59f,23336.1f,6399.27f,954.364f,24883.8f,8123.11f,-2819.08f,24859.5f,16025.8f,-2803.12f,24207.4f,17415.3f,-3297.97f,24248.7f,8492.36f,-3249.03f,13363.4f,-24832.7f,-3813.62f,15976.8f,-21196.8f,-3687.86f,15341.7f,-20827.5f,-4117.81f,12728.3f,-24463.4f,-4243.56f,19745.5f,-13415.3f,-3403.7f,22442.7f,-5830.35f,-3125.36f,21807.5f,-5461.09f,-3555.3f,19110.4f,-13046f,-3833.65f,10915.8f,-27847.5f,-3863.23f,10735.6f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,23222.6f,-2518.03f,-3057.67f,23336.1f,1364.68f,-3369.59f,10301.8f,-40240.8f,-15469.8f,10482f,-40907.1f,-14694f,10915.8f,-27847.5f,-3863.23f,10735.6f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,25648.8f,8121.58f,-2817.31f,25624.5f,16024.2f,-2801.34f,24056.1f,-2550.94f,-3019.36f,25678.7f,16560.2f,-2907.29f,25594.2f,17951.2f,-3237.71f,25624.5f,-88046.9f,-92182.7f,25678.7f,-87767f,-92508.6f,25678.7f,16560.2f,-2907.29f,25678.7f,16560.2f,-2907.29f,25624.5f,16024.2f,-2801.34f,25624.5f,-88046.9f,-92182.7f,25624.5f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,25678.7f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,24765.7f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,24820f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,25678.7f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,25624.5f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,24765.7f,-89895.8f,-93770.7f,24820f,-89615.9f,-94096.6f,24820f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,24765.7f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,25678.7f,-89596.5f,-94079.9f,25678.7f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,24820f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,24820f,-89615.9f,-94096.6f,23222.6f,-93458.9f,-81162.2f,24056.1f,-93491.8f,-81123.9f,24056.1f,-2550.94f,-3019.36f,23222.6f,-2518.03f,-3057.67f,10579.6f,-102089f,-68973.2f,10579f,-102925f,-68042.7f,10482f,-40907.1f,-14694f,10579.6f,-102089f,-68973.2f,10579f,-102925f,-68042.7f,10482f,-41291.8f,-14246f,10579f,-102925f,-68042.7f,10489f,-103571f,-67018.6f,10482f,-41713.9f,-13886.7f,10482f,-41291.8f,-14246f,10489f,-103571f,-67018.6f,8379.01f,-102145f,-69021.7f,10579.6f,-102089f,-68973.2f,10301.8f,-40240.8f,-15469.8f,8379.01f,-68082.6f,-39554.7f,8379.01f,-101057f,-70411.1f,10735.6f,-101057f,-70411.1f,10579.6f,-102089f,-68973.2f,8379.01f,-102145f,-69021.7f,-7490.7f,13527f,1074.93f,-3602.79f,20679.5f,611.547f,-7449.35f,23005.5f,1503.19f,5631.77f,13982.2f,32.0718f,6938.43f,14845.7f,8.81875f,4620.19f,17973.8f,60.0461f,2166.16f,14509.2f,164.113f,1136.48f,15846.6f,223.075f,1621.29f,18549.5f,194.186f,-160.178f,16705.3f,310.215f,-4323.73f,15846.6f,687.576f,-3030.97f,16705.3f,554.435f,-1709.92f,19868.7f,433.258f,-1596.32f,17001.2f,423.539f,2827.51f,9087.62f,131.015f,2166.16f,7402.34f,164.113f,3718.3f,9096.18f,92.3283f,-2352.36f,-8011.43f,490.311f,3946.3f,7228.03f,83.5128f,1136.48f,6064.9f,223.074f,-160.182f,5206.21f,310.215f,-5049.53f,-426.492f,768.658f,5536.51f,13854f,34.3347f,4608.07f,12649.6f,60.4329f,3946.3f,10964.3f,83.513f,3055.44f,10955.8f,120.472f,2827.51f,12823.9f,131.015f,5639.04f,4205.31f,31.902f,4608.07f,5542.76f,60.4327f,1416.3f,-15792.9f,206.155f,6022.45f,-21752.5f,23.5976f,6938.43f,3346.62f,8.81857f,-1596.32f,4910.32f,423.538f,-3030.97f,5206.21f,554.434f,-4323.73f,6064.9f,687.576f,-6578.08f,6399.27f,954.364f,-5348.56f,7402.34f,803.393f,-6006f,9087.62f,882.485f,-6232.44f,10955.8f,910.595f,-6006f,12823.9f,882.485f,-5348.57f,14509.2f,803.393f,-7449.35f,17415.3f,-3297.97f,-7490.7f,8492.36f,-3249.03f,-7449.35f,23005.5f,1503.19f,-7490.7f,13527f,1074.93f,1416.3f,-20827.5f,-4117.81f,4029.77f,-24463.4f,-4243.56f,1416.3f,-15792.9f,206.155f,-5049.53f,-5461.09f,-3555.3f,-2352.36f,-13046f,-3833.65f,-5049.53f,-426.492f,768.658f,-2352.36f,-8011.43f,490.311f,1416.3f,-20827.5f,-4117.81f,1416.3f,-15792.9f,206.155f,6022.45f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,6022.45f,-21752.5f,23.5976f,-6578.08f,1364.68f,-3369.59f,-6578.08f,6399.27f,954.364f,-8101.47f,16025.8f,-2803.12f,-8125.81f,8123.11f,-2819.08f,-7449.35f,17415.3f,-3297.97f,-7490.7f,8492.36f,-3249.03f,781.19f,-21196.8f,-3687.86f,3394.66f,-24832.7f,-3813.62f,1416.3f,-20827.5f,-4117.81f,4029.77f,-24463.4f,-4243.56f,-5684.64f,-5830.35f,-3125.36f,-2987.47f,-13415.3f,-3403.7f,-5049.53f,-5461.09f,-3555.3f,-2352.36f,-13046f,-3833.65f,5842.26f,-27847.5f,-3863.23f,6022.45f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,-6464.54f,-2518.03f,-3057.67f,-6578.08f,1364.68f,-3369.59f,6276.06f,-40907.1f,-14694f,6456.25f,-40240.8f,-15469.8f,5842.26f,-27847.5f,-3863.23f,6022.45f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,-8866.45f,16024.2f,-2801.34f,-8890.79f,8121.58f,-2817.31f,-7298.12f,-2550.94f,-3019.36f,-8920.72f,16560.2f,-2907.29f,-8836.13f,17951.2f,-3237.71f,-8920.72f,-87767f,-92508.6f,-8866.45f,-88046.9f,-92182.7f,-8920.72f,16560.2f,-2907.29f,-8866.45f,16024.2f,-2801.34f,-8920.72f,16560.2f,-2907.29f,-8866.45f,-88046.9f,-92182.7f,-8920.72f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8866.45f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,-8920.72f,-87767f,-92508.6f,-8866.45f,-88046.9f,-92182.7f,-8061.98f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8007.72f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,-8920.72f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8866.45f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,-8920.72f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8007.72f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,-8061.98f,-89615.9f,-94096.6f,-8007.72f,-89895.8f,-93770.7f,-8061.98f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8007.72f,-88413.1f,-92497.2f,-8920.72f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8920.72f,-89596.5f,-94079.9f,-8061.98f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8061.98f,-89615.9f,-94096.6f,-8061.98f,-88133.2f,-92823.1f,-8920.72f,-89596.5f,-94079.9f,-7298.12f,-93491.8f,-81123.9f,-6464.54f,-93458.9f,-81162.2f,-7298.12f,-2550.94f,-3019.36f,-6464.54f,-2518.03f,-3057.67f,-7298.12f,-2550.94f,-3019.36f,-6464.54f,-93458.9f,-81162.2f,6456.25f,-40240.8f,-15469.8f,6179.01f,-102925f,-68042.7f,6178.41f,-102089f,-68973.2f,6276.06f,-41291.8f,-14246f,6179.01f,-102925f,-68042.7f,6179.01f,-102925f,-68042.7f,6276.06f,-40907.1f,-14694f,6179.01f,-102925f,-68042.7f,6276.06f,-41713.9f,-13886.7f,6269.01f,-103571f,-67018.6f,6022.45f,-21752.5f,23.5976f,6022.45f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,10735.6f,-26787.1f,-4300.36f,10735.6f,-21752.5f,23.5976f,6178.41f,-102089f,-68973.2f,6178.41f,-102089f,-68973.2f,6022.45f,-101057f,-70411.1f
};
public String objectName;
public int triangleCount;
public int verticeCount;
public float[] vertices;
public float[] normals;
public float[] textures;
public short[] indices;
public float[] matrices;
public float[] pivots;
public float[] animations;
public void awake() {
ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(verticeTest.length * 4);
vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
mVertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();
mVertexBuffer.put(verticeTest);
mVertexBuffer.position(0);
ByteBuffer tbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(textures.length * 4);
tbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
mTextureBuffer = tbb.asFloatBuffer();
mTextureBuffer.put(textures);
mTextureBuffer.position(0);
//short has 2 bytes
ByteBuffer ibb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indicesTest.length*2);
ibb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
indexBuffer = ibb.asShortBuffer();
indexBuffer.put(indicesTest);
indexBuffer.position(0);
verticeCount = (triangleCount*3);
}
public void draw(GL10 gl) {
System.out.println("Draw Method Called in Object");
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); //workaround bug 3623
gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, mVertexBuffer);
System.out.println("Triangle Vertice Count is "+verticeCount);
int x = vertices.length;
System.out.println("Rendering following number of vertices "+x);
int y = indices.length;
System.out.println("Rendering following number of indices "+y);
gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, indices.length, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indexBuffer);
}
}
这是我调用 draw 方法的代码：
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
import android.content.Context;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;
import android.opengl.GLU;
class GLRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
private static final String TAG = "GLRenderer";
private final Context context;
private final GLCube cube = new GLCube();
private long startTime;
private long fpsStartTime;
private long numFrames;
SceneObject drawObject;
SceneObject object;
//Used for object position and rotation.
float zRotation;
float xRotation;
float yRotation;
float kxRotation = 0.0f;
float kyRotation = 0.0f;
ArrayList<SceneObject> sceneObjects = new ArrayList<SceneObject>();
boolean SEE_THRU = false;
GLRenderer(Context context) {
this.context = context;
}
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
// Setup any OpenGL Options that are required.
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
if (SEE_THRU) {
gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND);
gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE);
}
//Optional - disable dither to boost peformance.
//gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER); //Dithering enabled by default.
//Turn on the lights.
float lightAmbient[] = new float[] { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1};
float lightDiffuse[] = new float[] {1, 1, 1, 1};
float[] lightPos = new float[] {1 ,1 ,1 , 1};
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_LIGHTING);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_LIGHT0);
gl.glLightfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT0, GL10.GL_AMBIENT, lightAmbient, 0);
gl.glLightfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT0, GL10.GL_DIFFUSE, lightDiffuse, 0);
gl.glLightfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT0, GL10.GL_POSITION, lightPos, 0);
//Specify which materials we should use.
float matAmbient[] = new float[] {1, 1, 1, 1};
float matDiffuse[] = new float[] {1, 1, 1, 1};
gl.glMaterialfv(GL10.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL10.GL_AMBIENT, matAmbient, 0);
gl.glMaterialfv(GL10.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL10.GL_DIFFUSE, matDiffuse, 0);
}
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
//Define the view frustrum
gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
float ratio = (float)width/height;
gl.glLoadIdentity();
//gl.glOrthof(0, 480f, 800f, 0, 0, 1);
GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45.0f, ratio, 1.0f, 100f);
}
public void onDrawFrame (GL10 gl) {
//Defs for rotation of object.
float kzRotation = 0.0f;
kyRotation +=1.0f;
kxRotation =280.0f;
gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
SceneObject object = sceneObjects.get(13); //Get the object
//Position the model.
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
gl.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -30.0f);
gl.glScalef(0.0001f, 0.0001f, 0.0001f);
zRotation = kzRotation;
xRotation = kxRotation;
yRotation = kyRotation;
gl.glRotatef(yRotation, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glRotatef(xRotation, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glRotatef(zRotation, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
object.draw(gl);
}
}
}
问题是对象没有按应有的方式显示，而是看起来扭曲和挤压。谁能发现可能出了什么问题？
编辑 - 根据 Tim 下面的回答更改了 onSufaceChanged 方法，但没有任何改进。
我已经添加了对象如何在 Android 上渲染以及在 iPhone 上正确渲染的图像。最明显的问题是“腿”应该是直的而不是弯曲的，并且总体上物体应该更长。我确定上面代码中的顶点和索引是正确的（它们与 iPhone 完全相同）。
如果这里相关的是我如何设置表面视图/视图：
public class SaxParserActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
ArrayList<SceneObject> sceneObjects = new ArrayList<SceneObject>();
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//setContentView(R.layout.main);
GLView view;
view = new GLView(this, sceneObjects);
//Pass down our sceneObjects into the view class.
//view.sceneObjects = sceneObjects;
setContentView(view);
}
}
class GLView extends GLSurfaceView {
private final GLRenderer renderer;
ArrayList<SceneObject> sceneObjects = new ArrayList<SceneObject>();
GLView(Context context, ArrayList<SceneObject> sceneObjects) {
super (context);
//Uncomment this to turn on error-checking and logging.
//setDebugFlags(DEBUG_CHECK_GL_ERROR | DEBUG_LOG_GL_CALLS);
renderer = new GLRenderer(context);
//Pass down our sceneObjects.
renderer.sceneObjects = sceneObjects;
setRenderer(renderer);
}
}