9

我需要按两列排序数据，我该怎么做？

这是我的桌子：

Name   |  ImpFile   |  ImpTime
Sam      Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Ann      Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Mark     Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
John     Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.384
Bart     Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Sasha    Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.385

我需要按 ImpTime 和 ImpName 对该表进行排序，它应该如下所示：

Name   |  ImpFile   |  ImpTime
         Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Bart     Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
John     Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.384
Sasha    Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.385
         Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Ann      Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Mark     Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Sam      Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477

我正在使用此查询，但它不按名称对表进行排序，仅在多行的时间值相同时按名称排序。

select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime
from people
union
select distinct '', ImpFile, max(ImpTime)
from people 
group by ImpFile
order by ImpTime desc, Name

这个查询给了我这样的表：

Name   |  ImpFile   |  ImpTime
         Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
John     Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.384
Bart     Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Sasha    Import12     2012-05-16 09:55:37.385
         Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Sam      Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Ann      Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Mark     Imp01        2012-05-16 09:54:02.477

有没有办法同时按这两列排序？

编辑 当我使用时会发生什么order by ImpFile DESC, ImpTime desc？
它给了我一个这样的结果表：

Name   |  ImpFile   |  ImpTime
         Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
         Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Bart     Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
John     Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.384
Sasha    Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.385
Ann      Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Mark     Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Sam      Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
4

6 回答 6

6

为什么你可以这样做：

order by ImpFile DESC, ImpTime desc

不，它不会导致您展示的内容。结果是这样的：

        Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Bart    Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Sasha   Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
John    Import12    2012-05-16 09:55:37.383
        Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Ann     Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Mark    Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Sam     Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477

有关示例，请参见此处

编辑

我有一个建议给你。也许是这样的：

测试数据

DECLARE @T TABLE(Name VARCHAR(100),ImpFile VARCHAR(100),ImpTime DATETIME)

INSERT INTO @T
    ([Name], [ImpFile], [ImpTime])
VALUES
    ('Sam', 'Imp01', '2012-05-16 09:54:02.477'),
    ('Ann', 'Imp01', '2012-05-16 09:54:02.478'),
    ('Mark', 'Imp01', '2012-05-16 09:54:02.477'),
    ('John', 'Import12', '2012-05-16 09:55:37.384'),
    ('Bart', 'Import12', '2012-05-16 09:55:37.387'),
    ('Sasha', 'Import12', '2012-05-16 09:55:37.385');

询问

;WITH CTE
AS
(   
    SELECT
        ROW_Number() OVER(PARTITION BY  t.[ImpFile] 
                     ORDER BY t.[ImpTime] DESC) AS RowNbr,
        '' AS Name,
        t.ImpFile,
        t.[ImpTime]
    FROM
        @T AS t
)
SELECT
    CTE.Name,
    CTE.ImpFile,
    CTE.[ImpTime],
    0 as SortOrder
FROM
    CTE
WHERE
    CTE.RowNbr=1
UNION ALL
SELECT
    t.Name,
    t.ImpFile,
    t.[ImpTime],
    1 as SortOrder
FROM
    @T AS t
ORDER BY
    ImpFile DESC,SortOrder, ImpTime desc
于 2012-05-16T09:16:59.327 回答
5

获取每个组的领导者并按时间降序对它们进行排序：

with grp(Name,ImpFile,TimeGroup,ImpTime) as 
(
  select cast(null as varchar(5)), ImpFile, max(ImpTime) as TimeGroup, 
         max(ImpTime) as ImpTime
  from people 
  group by ImpFile  
)
select * 
from grp
order by TimeGroup desc;

输出：

NAME      IMPFILE   TIMEGROUP                     IMPTIME
(null)    Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000   2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
(null)    Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000   2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000

然后将追随者加入领导者并获取领导者的时间（TimeGroup）：

with grp(Name,ImpFile,TimeGroup,ImpTime) as 
(
  select cast(null as varchar(5)), ImpFile, max(ImpTime) as TimeGroup, 
         max(ImpTime) as ImpTime
  from people 
  group by ImpFile  

  union all

  select p.Name, p.ImpFile, ldr.TimeGroup, p.ImpTime
  from people p
  inner join grp ldr -- leader
  on ldr.name is null and ldr.ImpFile = p.ImpFile
)
select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime
from grp 
order by TimeGroup desc, Name

输出：

NAME      IMPFILE   IMPTIME
(null)    Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
Bart      Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
John      Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3840000
Sasha     Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3850000
(null)    Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Ann       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Mark      Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000
Sam       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000

查询的逻辑是，我们根据 ImpFile 将追随者（有名字的人）的时间与其领导者的时间（TimeGroup）对齐。Leader和它的Follower有相同的时间组，所以当我们按时间排序时，它们会相互粘连；然后，我们按名称排序

现场测试：http ://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/c7859/21

如果我们希望组长出现在其追随者之后，只需在 ORDER BY 上放置一个案例：

with grp(Name,ImpFile,TimeGroup,ImpTime) as 
(
  select cast(null as varchar(5)), ImpFile, max(ImpTime) as TimeGroup, 
         max(ImpTime) as ImpTime
  from people 
  group by ImpFile  

  union all

  select p.Name, p.ImpFile, ldr.TimeGroup, p.ImpTime
  from people p
  inner join grp ldr -- leader
  on ldr.name is null and ldr.ImpFile = p.ImpFile
)
select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime
from grp 
order by TimeGroup desc, 

  case 
  when Name is null then 2 -- leader last
  else 1 -- followers first
  end,

  Name

输出：

NAME      IMPFILE   IMPTIME
Bart      Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
John      Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3840000
Sasha     Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3850000
(null)    Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
Ann       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Mark      Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000
Sam       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000
(null)    Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000

现场测试：http ://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/c7859/23

这个怎么运作：

with grp(Name,ImpFile,TimeGroup,ImpTime) as 
(
  select cast(null as varchar(5)), ImpFile, max(ImpTime) as TimeGroup, 
         max(ImpTime) as ImpTime
  from people 
  group by ImpFile  

  union all

  select p.Name, p.ImpFile, ldr.TimeGroup, p.ImpTime
  from people p
  inner join grp ldr -- leader
  on ldr.name is null and ldr.ImpFile = p.ImpFile
)
select *
from grp 
order by TimeGroup desc, Name;

输出：

NAME      IMPFILE   IMPTIME                       TIMEGROUP
(null)    Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000   2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
Bart      Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000   2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
John      Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3840000   2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
Sasha     Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.3850000   2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
(null)    Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000   2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Ann       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000   2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Mark      Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000   2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Sam       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000   2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000

现场测试：http ://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/c7859/25

于 2012-05-16T13:48:08.427 回答
2

首先，您应该意识到，由于datetime类型的粒度，SQL Server 无法区分2012-05-16 09:55:37.384和2012-05-16 09:55:37.385：两者都将存储为2012-05-16 09:55:37.384.

牢记这一点并假设您要对组进行排序MAX(ImpTime) DESC以及按 对详细信息行进行排序ImpTime DESC，您可以尝试以下操作：

WITH agg AS (
  SELECT
    *,
    ImpTimeMax = MAX(ImpTime) OVER (PARTITION BY ImpFile),
    rn         = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY ImpFile ORDER BY ImpTime DESC)
  FROM Table1
)
SELECT
  Name = CASE x.IsAgg WHEN 1 THEN '' ELSE agg.Name END,
  agg.ImpFile,
  agg.ImpTime
FROM agg
  INNER JOIN (SELECT 0 UNION ALL SELECT 1) x (IsAgg) ON x.IsAgg = 0 OR agg.rn = 1
ORDER BY
  agg.ImpTimeMax DESC,  /* the primary order for groups */
  agg.ImpFile    ASC ,  /* in case two or more groups have the same max time */
  x.IsAgg        DESC,  /* the group summary row goes first */
  agg.ImpTime    DESC,  /* or: agg.rn ASC */
  agg.Name       ASC    /* in case two or more people have the same time */

运行时在 SQL Fiddle 上时，将为您的示例生成以下输出：

NAME   IMPFILE   IMPTIME
-----  --------  -----------------------
       Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Bart   Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Sasha  Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.385
John   Import12  2012-05-16 09:55:37.384
       Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Ann    Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.478
Mark   Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Sam    Imp01     2012-05-16 09:54:02.477

请注意，我暂时将其定义ImpTime为 a varchar，而不是 a datetime，只是为了更好地演示，因为就像我说的那样，因为datetime' 的粒度会导致存储的值略有不同（因此，产生的输出也略有不同）。

于 2012-05-16T11:24:27.550 回答
1

您可能想要擦洗毫秒：http ://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/35065/2

select Name, ImpFile, 

   ImpTimeX = 
      DATEADD(ms, -DATEPART(ms, ImpTime), ImpTime)

from tbl

union

select distinct '', ImpFile, 

   ImpTimeX = 
       MAX(DATEADD(ms, -DATEPART(ms, ImpTime), ImpTime))

from tbl 
group by ImpFile
order by ImpTimeX desc, Name

输出：

NAME           IMPFILE        IMPTIMEX
               Import12       May, 16 2012 09:55:37-0700
Bart           Import12       May, 16 2012 09:55:37-0700
John           Import12       May, 16 2012 09:55:37-0700
Sasha          Import12       May, 16 2012 09:55:37-0700
               Imp01          May, 16 2012 09:54:02-0700
Ann            Imp01          May, 16 2012 09:54:02-0700
Mark           Imp01          May, 16 2012 09:54:02-0700
Sam            Imp01          May, 16 2012 09:54:02-0700

清除此处来源的毫秒的技术：SQL Server remove milliseconds from datetime

如果要保留并显示原始时间，只需这样做：http ://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!3/35065/1

with a as(

  select Name, ImpFile, 

     ImpTimeX = 
        DATEADD(ms, -DATEPART(ms, ImpTime), ImpTime),

     ImpTime

  from tbl

  union

  select distinct '', ImpFile, 

     ImpTimeX = 
         MAX(DATEADD(ms, -DATEPART(ms, ImpTime), ImpTime)),

     MAX(ImpTime)

  from tbl 
  group by ImpFile

)
select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime
from a
order by ImpTimeX desc, Name

我认为 SqlFiddle 不显示毫秒。请在你的 Sql Server 上尝试第二个查询，我现在在其他操作系统上，我看不到第二个查询的实际输出

这是第二个查询的输出，日期时间完整，在 SSMS 上测试：

Name    ImpFile         ImpTime     
        Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
Bart    Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.3870000
John    Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.3840000
Sasha   Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.3850000
        Imp01           2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Ann     Imp01           2012-05-16 09:54:02.4780000
Mark    Imp01           2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000
Sam     Imp01           2012-05-16 09:54:02.4770000
于 2012-05-16T09:29:01.263 回答
0

您可以通过 ImpFile desc,Name 的 order 获得所需的输出

select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime
    from dbo.tbl_stack 
    union
    select distinct '', ImpFile, max(ImpTime)
    from dbo.tbl_stack 
    group by ImpFile
    order by ImpFile desc,Name

这是输出

Name    ImpFile         ImpTime 
        Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
Bar     Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
John    Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.383
Sasha   Import12        2012-05-16 09:55:37.387
        Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Ann     Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Mark    Imp01       2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
Sam     Imp01           2012-05-16 09:54:02.477
于 2012-05-16T12:33:26.163 回答
0

看起来order by仅应用于查询中的第二select个union。

尝试使用 asubselect创建一个临时表来应用order by：

select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime from (
select Name, ImpFile, ImpTime from people
union
select distinct '', ImpFile, max(ImpTime) from people group by ImpFile
) order by ImpTime desc, Name
于 2012-05-16T09:42:39.727 回答