我似乎无法让我的 Flask 应用程序关闭或重用数据库连接。我正在使用 PostgreSQL 9.1.3 和
Flask==0.8
Flask-SQLAlchemy==0.16
psycopg2==2.4.5
当我的测试套件运行时,打开的连接数一直在攀升,直到达到 20(中的max_connections
设置postgresql.conf
),然后我看到:
OperationalError: (OperationalError) FATAL: sorry, too many clients already
None None
create_all
我已经将代码减少到它只是调用和drop_all
(但没有发出任何 sql,因为没有模型)的地步。
我在日志中看到正在签入和签出的连接:
DEBUG:sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool:Connection <connection object at 0x101c1dff0; dsn: 'dbname=cx_test host=localhost', closed: 0> checked out from pool
DEBUG:sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool:Connection <connection object at 0x101c1dff0; dsn: 'dbname=cx_test host=localhost', closed: 0> being returned to pool
WARNING:root:impl <-------- That's the test running
DEBUG:sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool:Connection <connection object at 0x101c1dff0; dsn: 'dbname=cx_test host=localhost', closed: 0> checked out from pool
DEBUG:sqlalchemy.pool.QueuePool:Connection <connection object at 0x101c1dff0; dsn: 'dbname=cx_test host=localhost', closed: 0> being returned to pool
对于每个测试运行,连接的地址(“xyz 处的连接对象”部分)是不同的。我怀疑这与问题有关,但我不确定如何进一步调查。
下面的代码在新的 venv 中重现了该问题:
from flask import Flask
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from unittest import TestCase
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
logging.getLogger('sqlalchemy.pool').setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logging.getLogger('sqlalchemy.engine').setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logging.getLogger('sqlalchemy.dialects').setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logging.getLogger('sqlalchemy.orm').setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
db = SQLAlchemy()
def create_app(config=None):
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(config)
db.init_app(app)
return app
class AppTestCase(TestCase):
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = "postgresql://localhost/cx_test"
TESTING = True
def create_app(self):
return create_app(self)
def setUp(self):
self.app = self.create_app()
self.client = self.app.test_client()
self._ctx = self.app.test_request_context()
self._ctx.push()
db.create_all()
def tearDown(self):
db.session.remove()
db.drop_all()
self._ctx.pop()
class TestModel(AppTestCase):
def impl(self):
logging.warn("impl")
pass
def test_01(self):
self.impl()
def test_02(self):
self.impl()
def test_03(self):
self.impl()
def test_04(self):
self.impl()
def test_05(self):
self.impl()
def test_06(self):
self.impl()
def test_07(self):
self.impl()
def test_08(self):
self.impl()
def test_09(self):
self.impl()
def test_10(self):
self.impl()
def test_11(self):
self.impl()
def test_12(self):
self.impl()
def test_13(self):
self.impl()
def test_14(self):
self.impl()
def test_15(self):
self.impl()
def test_16(self):
self.impl()
def test_17(self):
self.impl()
def test_18(self):
self.impl()
def test_19(self):
self.impl()
if __name__ == "__main__":
import unittest
unittest.main()
这是我第一次在 Flask 中使用应用工厂,我部分地从Flask-SQLAlchemy 文档中复制了这段代码。Elseware那些文档提到在错误的上下文中使用 db 会导致连接泄漏 - 也许我做的 init 不正确?