c# - 您如何获得计算机的 RAM 总量？

Question

使用 C#，我想获取我的计算机拥有的 RAM 总量。使用 PerformanceCounter，我可以通过设置获得可用内存的数量：

counter.CategoryName = "Memory";
counter.Countername = "Available MBytes";

但我似乎无法找到获取内存总量的方法。我该怎么做呢？

更新：

MagicKat：我在搜索时看到了，但它不起作用 - “您是否缺少程序集或引用？”。我希望将其添加到参考文献中，但在那里看不到。

score 184 · Accepted Answer

添加对Microsoft.VisualBasic和的引用using Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices;。

该ComputerInfo课程包含您需要的所有信息。

score 64 · Accepted Answer

GlobalMemoryStatusEx可以使用 p/invoke 调用Windows API 函数：

  [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
  private class MEMORYSTATUSEX
  {
     public uint dwLength;
     public uint dwMemoryLoad;
     public ulong ullTotalPhys;
     public ulong ullAvailPhys;
     public ulong ullTotalPageFile;
     public ulong ullAvailPageFile;
     public ulong ullTotalVirtual;
     public ulong ullAvailVirtual;
     public ulong ullAvailExtendedVirtual;
     public MEMORYSTATUSEX()
     {
        this.dwLength = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NativeMethods.MEMORYSTATUSEX));
     }
  }


  [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
  [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
  static extern bool GlobalMemoryStatusEx([In, Out] MEMORYSTATUSEX lpBuffer);

然后像这样使用：

ulong installedMemory;
MEMORYSTATUSEX memStatus = new MEMORYSTATUSEX();
if( GlobalMemoryStatusEx( memStatus))
{ 
   installedMemory = memStatus.ullTotalPhys;
}

或者您可以使用 WMI（托管但速度较慢）TotalPhysicalMemory在Win32_ComputerSystem类中进行查询。

score 64 · Accepted Answer

如上所述，添加对 Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll 的引用。然后获得总物理内存就这么简单（是的，我测试过）：

static ulong GetTotalMemoryInBytes()
{
    return new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.ComputerInfo().TotalPhysicalMemory;
}

score 39 · Accepted Answer

这里的所有答案，包括被接受的答案，都将为您提供可供使用的 RAM 总量。这可能就是 OP 想要的。

但是，如果您对获取已安装RAM 的数量感兴趣，那么您需要调用GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory函数。

从链接中的备注部分：

GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory函数从计算机的 SMBIOS 固件表中检索物理安装的 RAM 量。这可能与GlobalMemoryStatusEx函数报告的数量不同，后者将 MEMORYSTATUSEX 结构的 ullTotalPhys 成员设置为可供操作系统使用的物理内存量。操作系统可用的内存量可能小于计算机中物理安装的内存量，因为 BIOS 和某些驱动程序可能会将内存保留为内存映射设备的 I/O 区域，从而使内存对操作系统不可用和应用。

示例代码：

[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(out long TotalMemoryInKilobytes);

static void Main()
{
    long memKb;
    GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(out memKb);
    Console.WriteLine((memKb / 1024 / 1024) + " GB of RAM installed.");
}

score 31 · Accepted Answer

如果您碰巧在使用 Mono，那么您可能有兴趣知道 Mono 2.8（将于今年晚些时候发布）将有一个性能计数器，用于报告 Mono 运行的所有平台（包括 Windows）上的物理内存大小。您将使用以下代码片段检索计数器的值：

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;

class app
{
   static void Main ()
   {
       var pc = new PerformanceCounter ("Mono Memory", "Total Physical Memory");
       Console.WriteLine ("Physical RAM (bytes): {0}", pc.RawValue);
   }
}

如果您对提供性能计数器的 C 代码感兴趣，可以在此处找到。

score 20 · Accepted Answer

对于那些正在使用的人来说，.net Core 3.0不需要使用PInvoke平台来获得可用的物理内存。该类GC添加了一个新方法GC.GetGCMemoryInfo，该方法返回一个GCMemoryInfo StructwithTotalAvailableMemoryBytes作为属性。此属性返回垃圾收集器的总可用内存。（与 MEMORYSTATUSEX 相同的值）

var gcMemoryInfo = GC.GetGCMemoryInfo();
installedMemory = gcMemoryInfo.TotalAvailableMemoryBytes;
// it will give the size of memory in MB
var physicalMemory = (double) installedMemory / 1048576.0;

score 15 · Accepted Answer

另一种方法是使用 .NET System.Management 查询工具：

string Query = "SELECT Capacity FROM Win32_PhysicalMemory";
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(Query);

UInt64 Capacity = 0;
foreach (ManagementObject WniPART in searcher.Get())
{
    Capacity += Convert.ToUInt64(WniPART.Properties["Capacity"].Value);
}

return Capacity;

score 7 · Accepted Answer

您可以简单地使用此代码来获取这些信息，只需添加参考

using Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices;

并且只需使用以下代码

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        getAvailableRAM();
    }

    public void getAvailableRAM()
    {
        ComputerInfo CI = new ComputerInfo();
        ulong mem = ulong.Parse(CI.TotalPhysicalMemory.ToString());
        richTextBox1.Text = (mem / (1024*1024) + " MB").ToString();
    }

score 5 · Accepted Answer

您可以使用“WMI”。

我找到了一个“片段”。

Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _
& "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" _ 
& strComputer & "\root\cimv2") 
Set colComputer = objWMIService.ExecQuery _
("Select * from Win32_ComputerSystem")

For Each objComputer in colComputer 
  strMemory = objComputer.TotalPhysicalMemory
Next

score 5 · Accepted Answer

// use `/ 1048576` to get ram in MB
// and `/ (1048576 * 1024)` or `/ 1048576 / 1024` to get ram in GB
private static String getRAMsize()
{
    ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
    ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
    foreach (ManagementObject item in moc)
    {
       return Convert.ToString(Math.Round(Convert.ToDouble(item.Properties["TotalPhysicalMemory"].Value) / 1048576, 0)) + " MB";
    }

    return "RAMsize";
}

score 2 · Accepted Answer

此函数 ( ManagementQuery) 适用于 Windows XP 及更高版本：

private static string ManagementQuery(string query, string parameter, string scope = null) {
    string result = string.Empty;
    var searcher = string.IsNullOrEmpty(scope) ? new ManagementObjectSearcher(query) : new ManagementObjectSearcher(scope, query);
    foreach (var os in searcher.Get()) {
        try {
            result = os[parameter].ToString();
        }
        catch {
            //ignore
        }

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result)) {
            break;
        }
    }

    return result;
}

用法：

Console.WriteLine(BytesToMb(Convert.ToInt64(ManagementQuery("SELECT TotalPhysicalMemory FROM Win32_ComputerSystem", "TotalPhysicalMemory", "root\\CIMV2"))));

score 1 · Accepted Answer

兼容 .Net 和 Mono（在 Win10/FreeBSD/CentOS 测试）

将ComputerInfo源代码和PerformanceCounters 用于 Mono 并作为 .Net 的备份：

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security;

public class SystemMemoryInfo
{
    private readonly PerformanceCounter _monoAvailableMemoryCounter;
    private readonly PerformanceCounter _monoTotalMemoryCounter;
    private readonly PerformanceCounter _netAvailableMemoryCounter;

    private ulong _availablePhysicalMemory;
    private ulong _totalPhysicalMemory;

    public SystemMemoryInfo()
    {
        try
        {
            if (PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("Mono Memory"))
            {
                _monoAvailableMemoryCounter = new PerformanceCounter("Mono Memory", "Available Physical Memory");
                _monoTotalMemoryCounter = new PerformanceCounter("Mono Memory", "Total Physical Memory");
            }
            else if (PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("Memory"))
            {
                _netAvailableMemoryCounter = new PerformanceCounter("Memory", "Available Bytes");
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            // ignored
        }
    }

    public ulong AvailablePhysicalMemory
    {
        [SecurityCritical]
        get
        {
            Refresh();

            return _availablePhysicalMemory;
        }
    }

    public ulong TotalPhysicalMemory
    {
        [SecurityCritical]
        get
        {
            Refresh();

            return _totalPhysicalMemory;
        }
    }

    [SecurityCritical]
    [DllImport("Kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern void GlobalMemoryStatus(ref MEMORYSTATUS lpBuffer);

    [SecurityCritical]
    [DllImport("Kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
    private static extern bool GlobalMemoryStatusEx(ref MEMORYSTATUSEX lpBuffer);

    [SecurityCritical]
    private void Refresh()
    {
        try
        {
            if (_monoTotalMemoryCounter != null && _monoAvailableMemoryCounter != null)
            {
                _totalPhysicalMemory = (ulong) _monoTotalMemoryCounter.NextValue();
                _availablePhysicalMemory = (ulong) _monoAvailableMemoryCounter.NextValue();
            }
            else if (Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major < 5)
            {
                var memoryStatus = MEMORYSTATUS.Init();
                GlobalMemoryStatus(ref memoryStatus);

                if (memoryStatus.dwTotalPhys > 0)
                {
                    _availablePhysicalMemory = memoryStatus.dwAvailPhys;
                    _totalPhysicalMemory = memoryStatus.dwTotalPhys;
                }
                else if (_netAvailableMemoryCounter != null)
                {
                    _availablePhysicalMemory = (ulong) _netAvailableMemoryCounter.NextValue();
                }
            }
            else
            {
                var memoryStatusEx = MEMORYSTATUSEX.Init();

                if (GlobalMemoryStatusEx(ref memoryStatusEx))
                {
                    _availablePhysicalMemory = memoryStatusEx.ullAvailPhys;
                    _totalPhysicalMemory = memoryStatusEx.ullTotalPhys;
                }
                else if (_netAvailableMemoryCounter != null)
                {
                    _availablePhysicalMemory = (ulong) _netAvailableMemoryCounter.NextValue();
                }
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            // ignored
        }
    }

    private struct MEMORYSTATUS
    {
        private uint dwLength;
        internal uint dwMemoryLoad;
        internal uint dwTotalPhys;
        internal uint dwAvailPhys;
        internal uint dwTotalPageFile;
        internal uint dwAvailPageFile;
        internal uint dwTotalVirtual;
        internal uint dwAvailVirtual;

        public static MEMORYSTATUS Init()
        {
            return new MEMORYSTATUS
            {
                dwLength = checked((uint) Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MEMORYSTATUS)))
            };
        }
    }

    private struct MEMORYSTATUSEX
    {
        private uint dwLength;
        internal uint dwMemoryLoad;
        internal ulong ullTotalPhys;
        internal ulong ullAvailPhys;
        internal ulong ullTotalPageFile;
        internal ulong ullAvailPageFile;
        internal ulong ullTotalVirtual;
        internal ulong ullAvailVirtual;
        internal ulong ullAvailExtendedVirtual;

        public static MEMORYSTATUSEX Init()
        {
            return new MEMORYSTATUSEX
            {
                dwLength = checked((uint) Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MEMORYSTATUSEX)))
            };
        }
    }
}

score 0 · Accepted Answer

.NET 具有可以访问的内存量限制。在 Windows XP 中，2GB 是“硬天花板”。例如：你可能有 4 GB，当它达到 2 GB 时它会杀死应用程序。

同样在 64 位模式下，您可以在系统外使用一定比例的内存，所以我不确定您是否可以要求全部内容，或者是否特别注意这一点。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

还没有人提到GetPerformanceInfo。PInvoke 签名可用。

此功能使以下系统范围的信息可用：

提交总数
提交限制
提交峰值
物理总计
实物可用
系统缓存
内核总数
内核分页
内核未分页
页面大小
句柄计数
进程计数
线程数

PhysicalTotal是 OP 正在寻找的，虽然该值是页数，所以要转换为字节，乘以PageSize返回的值。

score -3 · Accepted Answer

/*The simplest way to get/display total physical memory in VB.net (Tested)

public sub get_total_physical_mem()

    dim total_physical_memory as integer

    total_physical_memory=CInt((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024))
    MsgBox("Total Physical Memory" + CInt((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024)).ToString + "Mb" )
end sub
*/


//The simplest way to get/display total physical memory in C# (converted Form http://www.developerfusion.com/tools/convert/vb-to-csharp)

public void get_total_physical_mem()
{
    int total_physical_memory = 0;

    total_physical_memory = Convert.ToInt32((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) /  (1024 * 1024));
    Interaction.MsgBox("Total Physical Memory" + Convert.ToInt32((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024)).ToString() + "Mb");
}

score -3 · Accepted Answer

var ram = new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from Win32_PhysicalMemory") .Get().Cast<ManagementObject>().First();

|

var a = Convert.ToInt64(ram["Capacity"]) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024;

（richiede System.Managment.dll 来 riferimento，testato su C# con Framework 4.7.2）

questa procedura salva in "a" la ram totale presente in GB

ulong memory() { return new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.ComputerInfo().TotalPhysicalMemory; }

|

var b = Convert.ToDecimal(memory()) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024;

(richiede Microsoft.VisualBasics.dll 来 riferimento, testato su C# Framework 4.7.2)

questa procedura salva in "b" il valore della ram in GB effettivamente disponibile

c# - 您如何获得计算机的 RAM 总量？

16 回答 16

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