什么是(默认)字符集:
MySQL数据库
MySQL 表
MySQL 专栏
这是我的做法 -
对于模式(或数据库 - 它们是同义词):
SELECT default_character_set_name FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA
WHERE schema_name = "schemaname";
对于表:
SELECT CCSA.character_set_name FROM information_schema.`TABLES` T,
information_schema.`COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY` CCSA
WHERE CCSA.collation_name = T.table_collation
AND T.table_schema = "schemaname"
AND T.table_name = "tablename";
对于列:
SELECT character_set_name FROM information_schema.`COLUMNS`
WHERE table_schema = "schemaname"
AND table_name = "tablename"
AND column_name = "columnname";
对于列:
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM table_name;
对于数据库:
USE your_database_name;
show variables like "character_set_database";
-- or:
-- show variables like "collation_database";
参照。这个页面。并查看 MySQL 手册
对于服务器上的所有数据库:
mysql> SELECT SCHEMA_NAME 'database', default_character_set_name 'charset', DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME 'collation' FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA;
输出:
+----------------------------+---------+--------------------+
| database | charset | collation |
+----------------------------+---------+--------------------+
| information_schema | utf8 | utf8_general_ci |
| my_database | latin1 | latin1_swedish_ci |
...
+----------------------------+---------+--------------------+
对于单个数据库:
mysql> USE my_database;
mysql> show variables like "character_set_database";
输出:
+----------------------------+---------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+---------+
| character_set_database | latin1 |
+----------------------------+---------+
获取Tables的排序规则:
mysql> USE my_database;
mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS WHERE NAME LIKE 'my_tablename';
或 - 将输出创建表的完整 SQL:
mysql> show create table my_tablename
获取列的排序规则:
mysql> SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM my_tablename;
输出:
+---------+--------------+--------------------+ ....
| field | type | collation |
+---------+--------------+--------------------+ ....
| id | int(10) | (NULL) |
| key | varchar(255) | latin1_swedish_ci |
| value | varchar(255) | latin1_swedish_ci |
+---------+--------------+--------------------+ ....
对于表:
SHOW TABLE STATUS
将列出所有表格。
过滤使用:
SHOW TABLE STATUS where name like 'table_123';
要查看数据库的默认排序规则:
USE db_name;
SELECT @@character_set_database, @@collation_database;
要查看表格的整理:
SHOW TABLE STATUS where name like 'table_name';
要查看列的排序规则:
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM table_name;
查看表格的默认字符集
SHOW CREATE TABLE table_name;
对于数据库:
只需使用以下命令:
USE db_name;
SELECT @@character_set_database;
-- or:
-- SELECT @@collation_database;
选择表模式, 表名, CCSA.CHARACTER_SET_NAME 作为 DEFAULT_CHAR_SET, COLUMN_NAME, COLUMN_TYPE, C.CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM information_schema.TABLES AS T JOIN information_schema.COLUMNS AS C USING (TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME) 加入 information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY AS CCSA 开(T.TABLE_COLLATION = CCSA.COLLATION_NAME) WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA=SCHEMA() AND C.DATA_TYPE IN ('enum', 'varchar', 'char', 'text', 'mediumtext', 'longtext') 按 TABLE_SCHEMA 排序, 表名, COLUMN_NAME ;
我总是只看SHOW CREATE TABLE mydatabase.mytable
。
对于数据库,您似乎需要查看SELECT DEFAULT_CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA
.
对于表和列:
show create table your_table_name
对于数据库:
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME 'database', default_character_set_name 'charset', DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME 'collation' FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA;
示例输出:
mysql> SELECT SCHEMA_NAME 'database', default_character_set_name 'charset', DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME 'collation' FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA;
+----------------------------+---------+--------------------+
| database | charset | collation |
+----------------------------+---------+--------------------+
| information_schema | utf8 | utf8_general_ci |
| drupal_demo1 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci |
| drupal_demo2 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci |
| drupal_demo3 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci |
| drupal_demo4 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci |
| drupal_demo5 | latin1 | latin1_swedish_ci |
...
+----------------------------+---------+--------------------+
55 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
对于数据库:
SHOW CREATE DATABASE "DB_NAME_HERE";
在创建数据库 (MySQL) 时,默认字符集/排序规则始终为 LATIN,而不是您在最初创建数据库时选择了不同的字符集
正如许多人之前写的,SHOW FULL COLUMNS 应该是获取列信息的首选方法。缺少的是一种在此之后无需直接访问元数据表即可获取字符集的方法:
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM my_table WHERE Field = 'my_field'
SHOW COLLATION WHERE Collation = 'collation_you_got'
对于数据库:
USE db_name; SELECT @@character_set_database;
显示全局变量,其中 variable_name like 'character_set_%' 或 variable_name like 'collation%'