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编辑：这已经解决了。请查看我的第二个编码，了解为修复链接器错误问题而编辑的内容。如果可能，请关闭此线程。感谢您的回答/回复/反馈<3

我正在尝试使用函数 getvalue() 访问我的私有静态变量以返回公司总销售额 (Year_Sales)。我正在尝试触发该功能

cout << DivisionSale[0].getvalue();

但我收到以下错误...

[链接器错误] 未定义的引用；私有静态变量

这是我的项目编码

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// class declaration

class DivSales  // The 6 divisions will use this

{

      private:
              // Holds the total corporate sales for all divisions
              static int Year_Sales;

      public:
              static int Qtrsale[4]; // Elements for sale figures, 4 quarterly sales
              static void AddSales (int,int,int,int); // calculates annual ammount
              int Sales(int); // output
              static int getvalue() { return Year_Sales; } 

};

// This member function takes arguments and is copied into array holding sales data

// Year_Sales contains total of the 4 sales

void DivSales::AddSales(int sale1, int sale2, int sale3, int sale4)

{

      // arrays 0 through 3 store the quarterly sales
      Qtrsale[0] = sale1;
      Qtrsale[1] = sale2;
      Qtrsale[2] = sale3;
      Qtrsale[3] = sale4;

      // private variable access
      // combines the 4 arguments
      Year_Sales = Year_Sales + sale1 + sale2 + sale3 + sale4;

}

// returns values of quarterly sales for each division

// Used for table formatting in main

int DivSales::Sales(int n)

{

    // Qtrsale[n] holds value from input to return for output

    // returns sale(n) 

    int value = Qtrsale[n];
    return value;

}

// this function is triggered if user enters a negative quarterly sale value

void error()

{

     system("cls");
     cout << "You have entered a negative value. Restart program and try again";
     cout << "Press any key to restart program\n";
     system("pause");
     exit(0);

}

// Overload constructer

// Definition of the static member of DivSales class

// for access to the private static variable

int DivSales::Year_Sales = 0;

// Start main function

int main()

{

    // insurance for protecting the array storage(s)
    const int DS = 6;   
    DivSales DivisionSale[DS];  // 6 division with each of their own array
    int quarter, division; // quarter = 4; division = 6

    // This will pass quarter sales to AddSales
    for (division = 0; division < 6; division++)
    {
        // 4 quarters for array storage
        int Qrt1, Qrt2, Qrt3, Qrt4;

        int Q; // used to check for negative input

        // Prompts the user for quarter sales of each division
        // divisions 1 - 6
        cout << "Enter Sales of Division: " << division + 1 << endl;

        // Each quarter is assigned to Q which is used for error checking.
        // Error checking occurs when negative value is detected
        cout << "Enter Q1 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt1;
        Q = Qrt1;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        cout << "Enter Q2 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt2;
        Q = Qrt2;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        cout << "Enter Q3 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt3;
        Q = Qrt3;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        cout << "Enter Q4 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt4;
        Q = Qrt4;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        // passes Qrt1 through Qrt4 to AddSales
        DivisionSale[division].AddSales(Qrt1,Qrt2,Qrt3,Qrt4);
    }

    cout << "----------------------------------------\n";
    cout << "\t" << "Q1" << "\t" << "Q2" << "\t" << "Q3" << "\t" << "Q4" << endl;

    // table for quarterly sales of each division
    for (division = 0; division < 6; division++)
    {
        cout << "Div " << division + 1;
        for (quarter = 0; quarter < 4; quarter++)
        {
            // calling function Sales 6 times
            cout << "\t" << DivisionSale[division].Sales(quarter);
            cout << endl;
        }
    }

    cout << "----------------------------------------\n";
    cout << "\n Total All Division Sales for the Year: ";
    cout << DivisionSale[0].getvalue();       

    system("pause");
    return 0;

}

这是我需要做的：

一家公司有六个部门，每个部门负责向不同的地理位置进行销售。设计一个 DivSales 类来保存部门的销售数据，其中包含以下成员：

• 一个包含四个元素的数组，用于保存该部门四个季度的销售数据

• 一个私有静态变量，用于保存全年所有部门的公司总销售额。

• 一个接受四个参数的成员函数，每个参数都假定为一个季度的销售额。应将参数的值复制到保存销售数据的数组中。四个参数的总和应添加到保存年度公司总销售额的静态变量中。

• 一个函数，它采用0 到3 范围内的整数参数。该参数将用作除法季度销售额数组的下标。该函数应返回具有该下标的数组元素的值。

编写一个程序，创建一个包含六个 DivSales 对象的数组。程序应要求用户输入每个部门四个季度的销售额。输入数据后，程序应显示一个表格，显示每个季度的部门销售额。然后该程序应显示该年度的公司总销售额。

输入验证：仅接受季度销售数据的正值。

链接器错误是唯一阻碍我的错误。我很清楚可能会有一些代码优化，但我确实需要修复链接器错误。

编辑：修改了什么是静态的而不是静态的，并使用了 int DivSales::Year_Sales

新编码：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// class declartion

class DivSales  // The 6 divisions will use this

{

      private:
              // Holds the total corporate sales for all divisions
              static int Year_Sales;
              int Qtrsale[4]; // Elements for sale figures, 4 quarterly sales

      public:
              void AddSales (int,int,int,int); // calculates annual ammount
              int Sales(int); // output
              int getvalue() { return Year_Sales; }

};

// This member function takes arguments and is copied into array holding sales data

// Year_Sales contains total of the 4 sales

void DivSales::AddSales(int sale1, int sale2, int sale3, int sale4)

{

      // arrays 0 through 3 store the quarterly sales
      Qtrsale[0] = sale1;
      Qtrsale[1] = sale2;
      Qtrsale[2] = sale3;
      Qtrsale[3] = sale4;

      // private variable access
      // combines the 4 arguments
      Year_Sales = Year_Sales + sale1 + sale2 + sale3 + sale4;

}

// returns values of quarterly sales for each division

// Used for table formatting in main

int DivSales::Sales(int n)

{

    // Qtrsale[n] holds value from input to return for output
    // returns sale(n) 
    int value = Qtrsale[n];
    return value;

}

// this function is triggered if user enters a negative quarterly sale value

void error()

{

     system("cls");
     cout << "You have entered a negative value. Restart program and try again";
     cout << "Press any key to restart program\n";
     system("pause");
     exit(0);

}

// Overload constructer

// Definition of the static member of DivSales class

// for access to the private static variable

int DivSales::Year_Sales;


// Start main function

int main()

{

    // insurance for protecting the array storage(s)
    const int DS = 6;   
    DivSales DivisionSale[DS];  // 6 division with each of their own array
    int quarter, division; // quarter = 4; division = 6

    // This will pass quarter sales to AddSales
    for (division = 0; division < 6; division++)

    {

        // 4 quarters for array storage
        int Qrt1, Qrt2, Qrt3, Qrt4;

        int Q; // used to check for negative input

        // Prompts the user for quarter sales of each division
        // divisions 1 - 6
        cout << "Enter Sales of Division: " << division + 1 << endl;

        // Each quarter is assigned to Q which is used for error checking.
        // Error checking occurs when negative value is detected
        cout << "Enter Q1 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt1;
        Q = Qrt1;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        cout << "Enter Q2 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt2;
        Q = Qrt2;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        cout << "Enter Q3 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt3;
        Q = Qrt3;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        cout << "Enter Q4 Sales: ";
        cin >> Qrt4;
        Q = Qrt4;
        if (Q < 0)
           error();

        // passes Qrt1 through Qrt4 to AddSales
        DivisionSale[division].AddSales(Qrt1,Qrt2,Qrt3,Qrt4);

    }

    cout << "\n----------------------------------------\n";
    cout << "\t" << "Q1" << "\t" << "Q2" << "\t" << "Q3" << "\t" << "Q4" << endl;

    // table for quarterly sales of each division
    for (division = 0; division < 6; division++)

    {

        cout << "Div " << division + 1;
        for (quarter = 0; quarter < 4; quarter++)

        {

            // calling function Sales 6 times
            cout << "\t$" << DivisionSale[division].Sales(quarter);

        }

        cout << endl;

    }

    cout << "----------------------------------------\n";
    cout << "\nTotal corporate sales for the year: ";
    cout << "$" << DivisionSale[0].getvalue() << endl;      

    system("pause");
    return 0;

}
4

1 回答 1

0

您只需要在某处定义变量即可：

int DivSales::Qtrsale[4];

您在类中有一个声明，但在项目的某处也需要有一个定义（在一个地方）。

这必须是 C++ 常见问题解答，但我现在懒得查。

于 2012-05-08T00:24:04.503 回答