28

我正在使用 jquery 调用一个 ajax wcf 方法，该方法将对象列表作为 JSON 字符串返回。在 fiddler2（在 TextView 中）检查 JSON 字符串时，它看起来像这样：

{"d":"[{\"ID\":\"6b2b8c62-31ce-4df2-982b-054ff5f6be72\",\"Name\":\"Carol\",\"Surname\":\"IrishWife\"},{\"ID\":\"d254740a-0a0f-4a1e-9e4f-0812227dd5af\",\"Name\":\"Willie\",\"Surname\":\"Le Roux\"},{\"ID\":\"660bf0dd-436a-4588-a9c0-19fd6fdcee23\",\"Name\":\"Emmas\",\"Surname\":\"Mum\"},{\"ID\":\"6b9403c5-b728-4e96-bcb1-203e7472eec3\",\"Name\":\"Owen\",\"Surname\":\"Lima\"},{\"ID\":\"d52c08fb-4418-4600-960f-243ff4443ee6\",\"Name\":\"Tim\",\"Surname\":\"Lee\"},{\"ID\":\"e2aacf5b-8855-44ce-9338-3d39f8ab3349\",\"Name\":\"Marcello\",\"Surname\":\"MT\"},{\"ID\":\"578be087-8385-46d6-89de-3db31d352cbc\",\"Name\":\"Carlyn\",\"Surname\":\"Homegroup\"},{\"ID\":\"4c805825-2bee-447a-8b75-41ead17db33e\",\"Name\":\"George\",\"Surname\":\"Homegroup\"},{\"ID\":\"ae48804f-5e78-42c8-9ba0-4214c98a5a89\",\"Name\":\"Isla\",\"Surname\":\"Le Roux\"},{\"ID\":\"f8be2f4f-fedb-4863-8a84-44fddea84ea9\",\"Name\":\"Peter\",\"Surname\":\"Anderson\"},{\"ID\":\"15e7644d-ec43-44ff-a959-47e00112da6b\",\"Name\":\"Kitty\",\"Surname\":\"Corbett\"},{\"ID\":\"8fd7fccc-335c-4d5c-93b5-4b00f96a9950\",\"Name\":\"Natalie\",\"Surname\":\"Archibald\"},{\"ID\":\"09b5aad2-2cf1-488a-962b-4d692b05ddea\",\"Name\":\"Miku\",\"Surname\":\"Heally\"},{\"ID\":\"affa369e-5af3-4537-a0f4-71422956da41\",\"Name\":\"Steven\",\"Surname\":\"Corbett\"},{\"ID\":\"65f57da3-4f88-4798-9590-83b4ccecfc44\",\"Name\":\"Tim\",\"Surname\":\"Archibald\"},{\"ID\":\"53bfb451-f66f-4b6e-b430-8d13c95b30d8\",\"Name\":\"Philip\",\"Surname\":\"MT\"},{\"ID\":\"c7f22b9b-4030-4f82-9f75-bbb726cabb73\",\"Name\":\"Vincent\",\"Surname\":\"Van Der Walt\"},{\"ID\":\"232577be-3165-4316-a20d-c2f2a09c5382\",\"Name\":\"Scott\",\"Surname\":\"Lynn\"},{\"ID\":\"913508a1-5dca-4504-8caf-c8e3dc386fc0\",\"Name\":\"Dan\",\"Surname\":\"MT\"},{\"ID\":\"36054a07-b14d-4c1c-b35f-e00875dde7e5\",\"Name\":\"Sarah\",\"Surname\":\"MT\"},{\"ID\":\"f14e7d98-e040-4ba9-928f-f2ff48116b0b\",\"Name\":\"Josh\",\"Surname\":\"IrishDude\"}]"}

当我在提琴手的 JSON 视图中检查结果时，它显示以下 JSON：

d=[{"ID":"6b2b8c62-31ce-4df2-982b-054ff5f6be72","Name":"Carol","Surname":"IrishWife"},{"ID":"d254740a-0a0f-4a1e-9e4f-0812227dd5af","Name":"Willie","Surname":"Le Roux"},{"ID":"660bf0dd-436a-4588-a9c0-19fd6fdcee23","Name":"Emmas","Surname":"Mum"},{"ID":"6b9403c5-b728-4e96-bcb1-203e7472eec3","Name":"Owen","Surname":"Lima"},{"ID":"d52c08fb-4418-4600-960f-243ff4443ee6","Name":"Tim","Surname":"Lee"},{"ID":"e2aacf5b-8855-44ce-9338-3d39f8ab3349","Name":"Marcello","Surname":"MT"},{"ID":"578be087-8385-46d6-89de-3db31d352cbc","Name":"Carlyn","Surname":"Homegroup"},{"ID":"4c805825-2bee-447a-8b75-41ead17db33e","Name":"George","Surname":"Homegroup"},{"ID":"ae48804f-5e78-42c8-9ba0-4214c98a5a89","Name":"Isla","Surname":"Le Roux"},{"ID":"f8be2f4f-fedb-4863-8a84-44fddea84ea9","Name":"Peter","Surname":"Anderson"},{"ID":"15e7644d-ec43-44ff-a959-47e00112da6b","Name":"Kitty","Surname":"Corbett"},{"ID":"8fd7fccc-335c-4d5c-93b5-4b00f96a9950","Name":"Natalie","Surname":"Archibald"},{"ID":"09b5aad2-2cf1-488a-962b-4d692b05ddea","Name":"Miku","Surname":"Heally"},{"ID":"affa369e-5af3-4537-a0f4-71422956da41","Name":"Steven","Surname":"Corbett"},{"ID":"65f57da3-4f88-4798-9590-83b4ccecfc44","Name":"Tim","Surname":"Archibald"},{"ID":"53bfb451-f66f-4b6e-b430-8d13c95b30d8","Name":"Philip","Surname":"MT"},{"ID":"c7f22b9b-4030-4f82-9f75-bbb726cabb73","Name":"Vincent","Surname":"Van Der Walt"},{"ID":"232577be-3165-4316-a20d-c2f2a09c5382","Name":"Scott","Surname":"Lynn"},{"ID":"913508a1-5dca-4504-8caf-c8e3dc386fc0","Name":"Dan","Surname":"MT"},{"ID":"36054a07-b14d-4c1c-b35f-e00875dde7e5","Name":"Sarah","Surname":"MT"},{"ID":"f14e7d98-e040-4ba9-928f-f2ff48116b0b","Name":"Josh","Surname":"IrishDude"}]

所以fiddler可以解析成功，但是在客户端，jquery ajax错误回调函数显示如下错误：

Error: No conversion from text to application/json

wcf方法定义如下：

    [OperationContract]
    [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    public string GetPeople(Guid groupId)
    {
        using (SchedulerContext context = new SchedulerContext())
        {
            JavaScriptSerializer ser = new JavaScriptSerializer();

            var query = from p in context.People
                        where p.Group_ID == groupId
                        select new
                        {
                            p.ID,
                            p.Name,
                            p.Surname
                        };

            return ser.Serialize(query.ToArray());
        }   
    }

最后，调用 jquery 是：

$.ajax(
        {
            type: "GET",
            dataType: "application/json",
            contentType: "json",
            data: { groupId: 'ae09a080-5d7c-4e92-9a87-591574b7c4b8' },
            url: "WebAPI.svc/GetPeople",
            error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {
                alert("error");
            },
            success: function (msg) {
                alert(msg.d[0].Name);
            }
        }
);

提前致谢！

更新： 感谢@user1370958，离解决方案更近了一步。

将错误回调函数更改为以下时，它成功返回结果...

error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {
    var test = $.parseJSON(jqXHR.responseText);
    var test2 = $.parseJSON(test.d);
    alert(test2[0].Name);
},

不知道为什么，但我必须解析结果，然后解析其中的嵌套对象。我假设如果我返回的任何类型包含复杂对象，它也需要另一个解析......

4

5 回答 5

62

此处，不是该属性"application/json"的有效值。dataType我在我的项目中将其更改为"json"，同样的问题得到了解决。

请在此处查看详细信息（评论 #7）：http ://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/8216

于 2012-10-16T05:57:41.517 回答
4

尝试在服务器端代码中添加 MIME 类型：

Response.ContentType = "application/json";
于 2012-05-04T21:18:51.423 回答
1

使用WCF 4.0，您可以添加一个名为的属性，该属性automaticFormatSelectionEnabled允许服务查看AcceptHTTP 请求中的标头以确定返回的格式。只要您返回的内容是可序列化的，WCF 就会为您处理正确的序列化。在您的 jQuery ajax 调用中，Accept 标头通过 include 添加accepts: {json: "application/json"}。

于 2012-05-04T21:38:13.317 回答
0

我假设您想将 的值返回ser.Serialize(query.ToArray())给客户端（一个数组）。但是您将它作为字符串返回，因此 WCF 会将 JSON 转义为字符串，您最终得到的不是数组，而是字符串。

由于您使用的是 WCF 本身不支持的匿名类型，因此您需要使用JavaScriptSerializer. 因此，为了防止 JSON 的双重编码（到字符串中），您应该将数据作为 aStream来返回，这样 WCF 就不会接触您的数据（请参见下面的示例代码）。

还有一件事：我看到您的响应有一个{"d":...}包装器，这表明您在定义服务/端点时使用了// <enableWebScript/>。由于您没有使用 ASP.NET AJAX 库，因此不需要该包装，因此您可以使用“更简单” //来代替，并且您的响应不会被包装在该“d”对象中。WebScriptEnablingBehaviorWebScriptServiceHostFactory<webHttp/>WebHttpBehaviorWebServiceHostFactory

[OperationContract]
[WebGet(ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public System.IO.Stream GetPeople(Guid groupId)
{
    using (SchedulerContext context = new SchedulerContext())
    {
        JavaScriptSerializer ser = new JavaScriptSerializer();

        var query = from p in context.People
                    where p.Group_ID == groupId
                    select new
                    {
                        p.ID,
                        p.Name,
                        p.Surname
                    };

        string json = ser.Serialize(query.ToArray());
        using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json)))
        {
            WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
            return ms;
        }

}
于 2012-05-04T21:35:48.213 回答
0

我找到了一种解决方法：

第一个问题是实体模型上的循环引用异常。为了克服这个问题，我使用以下代码从上下文中分离我的实体，然后将它们序列化为字符串。然后我使用下面的代码在客户端上对它们进行序列化。

服务

    [WebGet(ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    [OperationContract]
    public string[] GetPeople(Guid groupId)
    {
        using (SchedulerContext context = new SchedulerContext())
        {

            var people = (from p in context.People
                          where p.Group_ID == groupId
                          select p).ToList();

            JavaScriptSerializer ser = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string[] result = new string[people.Count];
            for (int i = 0; i<people.Count; i++)
            {
                context.Detach(people[i]);
                string json = ser.Serialize(people[i]);
                result[i] = json;
            }
            return result;
        }   
    }

客户

        $.ajax(
                {
                    type: "GET",
                    //dataType: "application/json",
                    //dataType: "text/plain",
                    contentType: "json",
                    data: { groupId: 'ae09a080-5d7c-4e92-9a87-591574b7c4b8' },
                    //data: { groupId: 'test' },
                    //data: { groupId: '739526F1-7C58-4E3B-97D8-4870948BFE32' },
                    url: "WebAPI.svc/GetPeople",
                    error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {
                        alert(jqXHR.resultText);
                    },
                    success: function (people) {
                        //the returned param "people" is of type string[], so each string needs parsed 
                        $(people).each(function (index, value) {
                            var person = $.parseJSON(value);
                            //now I can use the Person object
                        });

                    }
                }

        );
于 2012-05-05T00:36:20.950 回答