1

我正在寻找以下不言自明的代码的pythonic和有效的替代品:

term = "< << >" # turn this into "( < )"
term.replace("<<", "#~").replace(">>", "~#").replace(">", ")").replace("<", "(").replace("#~", "<").replace("~#", ">")

有任何想法吗?

4

4 回答 4

3

使用正则表达式:

import re
d = {'<': '(', '>': ')'}
replaceFunc = lambda m: m.group('a') or d[m.group('b')]
pattern = r"((?P<a><|>)(?P=a)|(?P<b><|>))"
term = "< << >"

replaced = re.sub(pattern, replaceFunc, term) #returns "( < )"

根据 Niklas B 的建议进行编辑。

上面的正则表达式等价于匹配:

("<<" OR ">>") OR ("<" OR ">")

(?P<a><|>) #tells the re to match either "<" or ">", place the result in group 'a'
(?P=a) #tells the re to match one more of whatever was matched in the group 'a'
(?P<b><|>) #tells the re to match a sing "<" or ">" and place it in group 'b'

实际上,lambda 函数replaceFunc只是重复这个匹配序列,但返回相关的替换字符。

re匹配“最大组优先”,因此"<<< >"将转换为"<( )".

于 2012-04-27T19:29:43.453 回答
2

这是比我的第一个答案更短的方法。它拆分双重字符序列上的输入以删除它们,然后将这些段与替换的单个字符再次连接起来。和以前一样,它使用字典来指定应该进行的替换。

def convert(s, replacements):
    for before, after in replacements.items():
        s = before.join([segment.replace(before, after) for segment in s.split(before + before)])
    return s

>>> convert('< << >', {'<': '(', '>': ')'})
'( < )'
于 2012-04-27T21:20:00.323 回答
1

我将所有替换术语放在一个列表中,然后迭代并替换:

CHARS = [
  ('<<', '#~'),
  ('>>', '~#'),
  ...
]

for replace in CHARS:
   term = term.replace(*replace)

不确定它是否是最pythonic,但似乎很清楚。您甚至可以考虑接收字符列表的 forloop。

于 2012-04-27T19:16:40.850 回答
0

我不确定这是 Pythonic,但它可以工作并且非常灵活。

def convert(s, replacements):
    pending_char = None
    result = []
    for c in s:
        if c in replacements:
            if c == pending_char:
                result.append(c)
                pending_char = None
            else:
                pending_char = c
        else:
            if pending_char:
                result.append(replacements[pending_char])
                pending_char = None
            result.append(c)
    if pending_char:
        result.append(replacements[pending_char])
    return ''.join(result)

>>> convert('< << >', {'<': '(', '>': ')'})
'( < )'
于 2012-04-27T19:57:41.750 回答