所以我目前正在做一个为探路者角色扮演游戏制作自动角色表的项目，并且不知道如何保存数据。我想将所有变量的当前值保存到扩展名为 .pfcsheet 的文件中，稍后再打开。我用谷歌搜索，找不到说明如何执行此操作的内容，只是如何保存文本框的内容。我尝试使用 saveFileDialog 控件，但它一直给我一个“文件名无效”错误，似乎没有人知道为什么。
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7 回答
27
我刚刚写了一篇关于将对象数据保存为 Binary、XML 或 Json 的博文。听起来您可能想要使用二进制序列化，但也许您希望在应用程序之外编辑文件，在这种情况下 XML 或 Json 可能会更好。以下是各种格式的功能。有关更多详细信息，请参阅我的博客文章。
二进制
/// <summary>
/// Writes the given object instance to a binary file.
/// <para>Object type (and all child types) must be decorated with the [Serializable] attribute.</para>
/// <para>To prevent a variable from being serialized, decorate it with the [NonSerialized] attribute; cannot be applied to properties.</para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of object being written to the XML file.</typeparam>
/// <param name="filePath">The file path to write the object instance to.</param>
/// <param name="objectToWrite">The object instance to write to the XML file.</param>
/// <param name="append">If false the file will be overwritten if it already exists. If true the contents will be appended to the file.</param>
public static void WriteToBinaryFile<T>(string filePath, T objectToWrite, bool append = false)
{
using (Stream stream = File.Open(filePath, append ? FileMode.Append : FileMode.Create))
{
var binaryFormatter = new System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter();
binaryFormatter.Serialize(stream, objectToWrite);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Reads an object instance from a binary file.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of object to read from the XML.</typeparam>
/// <param name="filePath">The file path to read the object instance from.</param>
/// <returns>Returns a new instance of the object read from the binary file.</returns>
public static T ReadFromBinaryFile<T>(string filePath)
{
using (Stream stream = File.Open(filePath, FileMode.Open))
{
var binaryFormatter = new System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter();
return (T)binaryFormatter.Deserialize(stream);
}
}
XML
需要将 System.Xml 程序集包含在您的项目中。
/// <summary>
/// Writes the given object instance to an XML file.
/// <para>Only Public properties and variables will be written to the file. These can be any type though, even other classes.</para>
/// <para>If there are public properties/variables that you do not want written to the file, decorate them with the [XmlIgnore] attribute.</para>
/// <para>Object type must have a parameterless constructor.</para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of object being written to the file.</typeparam>
/// <param name="filePath">The file path to write the object instance to.</param>
/// <param name="objectToWrite">The object instance to write to the file.</param>
/// <param name="append">If false the file will be overwritten if it already exists. If true the contents will be appended to the file.</param>
public static void WriteToXmlFile<T>(string filePath, T objectToWrite, bool append = false) where T : new()
{
TextWriter writer = null;
try
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
writer = new StreamWriter(filePath, append);
serializer.Serialize(writer, objectToWrite);
}
finally
{
if (writer != null)
writer.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Reads an object instance from an XML file.
/// <para>Object type must have a parameterless constructor.</para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of object to read from the file.</typeparam>
/// <param name="filePath">The file path to read the object instance from.</param>
/// <returns>Returns a new instance of the object read from the XML file.</returns>
public static T ReadFromXmlFile<T>(string filePath) where T : new()
{
TextReader reader = null;
try
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
return (T)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
finally
{
if (reader != null)
reader.Close();
}
}
json
您必须包含对 Newtonsoft.Json 程序集的引用，该程序集可以从Json.NET NuGet Package获得。
/// <summary>
/// Writes the given object instance to a Json file.
/// <para>Object type must have a parameterless constructor.</para>
/// <para>Only Public properties and variables will be written to the file. These can be any type though, even other classes.</para>
/// <para>If there are public properties/variables that you do not want written to the file, decorate them with the [JsonIgnore] attribute.</para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of object being written to the file.</typeparam>
/// <param name="filePath">The file path to write the object instance to.</param>
/// <param name="objectToWrite">The object instance to write to the file.</param>
/// <param name="append">If false the file will be overwritten if it already exists. If true the contents will be appended to the file.</param>
public static void WriteToJsonFile<T>(string filePath, T objectToWrite, bool append = false) where T : new()
{
TextWriter writer = null;
try
{
var contentsToWriteToFile = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(objectToWrite);
writer = new StreamWriter(filePath, append);
writer.Write(contentsToWriteToFile);
}
finally
{
if (writer != null)
writer.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Reads an object instance from an Json file.
/// <para>Object type must have a parameterless constructor.</para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of object to read from the file.</typeparam>
/// <param name="filePath">The file path to read the object instance from.</param>
/// <returns>Returns a new instance of the object read from the Json file.</returns>
public static T ReadFromJsonFile<T>(string filePath) where T : new()
{
TextReader reader = null;
try
{
reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
var fileContents = reader.ReadToEnd();
return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(fileContents);
}
finally
{
if (reader != null)
reader.Close();
}
}
例子
// To save the characterSheet variable contents to a file.
WriteToBinaryFile<CharacterSheet>("C:\CharacterSheet.pfcsheet", characterSheet);
// To load the file contents back into a variable.
CharacterSheet characterSheet = ReadFromBinaryFile<CharacterSheet>("C:\CharacterSheet.pfcsheet");
于 2014-03-14T22:40:23.390 回答
15
我想你可能想要这样的东西
// Compose a string that consists of three lines.
string lines = "First line.\r\nSecond line.\r\nThird line.";
// Write the string to a file.
System.IO.StreamWriter file = new System.IO.StreamWriter("c:\\test.txt");
file.WriteLine(lines);
file.Close();
于 2012-04-26T16:22:53.730 回答
3
看看XMLSerializer课堂。
如果您想保存对象的状态并能够在其他时间轻松地重新创建它们，那么序列化是您最好的选择。
对其进行序列化，以便返回完整格式的 XML。StreamWriter使用该类将其写入文件。
稍后，您可以读入文件的内容，并将其与您要填充的对象的实例一起传递给序列化程序类，序列化程序也将负责反序列化。
这是从Microsoft Support获取的代码片段：
using System;
public class clsPerson
{
public string FirstName;
public string MI;
public string LastName;
}
class class1
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
clsPerson p=new clsPerson();
p.FirstName = "Jeff";
p.MI = "A";
p.LastName = "Price";
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer x = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(p.GetType());
// at this step, instead of passing Console.Out, you can pass in a
// Streamwriter to write the contents to a file of your choosing.
x.Serialize(Console.Out, p);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
于 2012-04-26T16:25:41.387 回答
3
这是一个类似于 Sachin 的简单示例。建议对非托管文件资源使用“using”语句：
// using System.IO;
string filepath = @"C:\test.txt";
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(filepath))
{
writer.WriteLine("some text");
}
于 2012-04-26T16:33:44.710 回答
2
这是 MSDN 关于如何将文本写入文件的指南的文章：
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/8bh11f1k.aspx
我将从那里开始，然后在您继续开发时发布其他更具体的问题。
于 2012-04-26T16:24:03.257 回答
1
一个班轮：
System.IO.File.WriteAllText(@"D:\file.txt", content);
如果文件不存在，它会创建文件，如果存在则覆盖它。确保您具有适当的权限来写入该位置，否则您将获得异常。
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms143375%28v=vs.110%29.aspx?f=255&MSPPError=-2147217396
于 2017-10-04T16:08:42.173 回答
0
从 System.IO 命名空间（尤其是 File 或 FileInfo 对象）开始应该可以帮助您入门。
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.io.file.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.io.fileinfo.aspx
于 2012-04-26T16:23:12.027 回答