您可以使用属性来注释枚举,然后使用反射来构建字典。
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
sealed class TemplateAttribute : Attribute {
public TemplateAttribute(String fileName) {
FileName = fileName;
}
public String FileName { get; set; }
}
enum EmailTemplate {
[Template("File1.htm")]
WelcomeEmail,
[Template("File2.htm")]
ConfirmEmail
}
class KnownTemplates {
static Dictionary<EmailTemplate, String> knownTemplates;
static KnownTemplates() {
knownTemplates = typeof(EmailTemplates)
.GetFields(BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public)
.Where(fieldInfo => Attribute.IsDefined(fieldInfo, typeof(TemplateAttribute)))
.Select(
fieldInfo => new {
Value = (EmailTemplate) fieldInfo.GetValue(null),
Template = (TemplateAttribute) Attribute
.GetCustomAttribute(fieldInfo, typeof(TemplateAttribute))
}
)
.ToDictionary(x => x.Value, x => x.Template.FileName);
}
}
如果您经常这样做,您可以创建一个更通用的通用函数,将枚举值与与该枚举值关联的属性结合起来:
static IEnumerable<Tuple<TEnum, TAttribute>> GetEnumAttributes<TEnum, TAttribute>()
where TEnum : struct
where TAttribute : Attribute {
return typeof(TEnum)
.GetFields(BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public)
.Where(fieldInfo => Attribute.IsDefined(fieldInfo, typeof(TAttribute)))
.Select(
fieldInfo => Tuple.Create(
(TEnum) fieldInfo.GetValue(null),
(TAttribute) Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(fieldInfo, typeof(TAttribute))
)
);
}
并像这样使用它:
knownTemplates = GetEnumAttributes<EmailTemplate, TemplateAttribute>()
.ToDictionary(tuple => tuple.Item1, tuple => tuple.Item2.FileName);
为了更有趣,您可以创建一个扩展方法:
static class EmailTemplateExtensions {
static Dictionary<EmailTemplate, String> templates;
static EmailTemplateExtensions() {
templates = GetEnumAttributes<EmailTemplate, TemplateAttribute>()
.ToDictionary(tuple => tuple.Item1, tuple => tuple.Item2.FileName);
}
public static String FileName(this EmailTemplate emailTemplate) {
String fileName;
if (templates.TryGetValue(emailTemplate, out fileName))
return fileName;
throw new ArgumentException(
String.Format("No template defined for EmailTemplate.{0}.", emailTemplate)
);
}
}
然后调用EmailTemplate.ConfirmEmail.FileName()
将返回File2.htm
。